4 research outputs found
Lignocellulosic byproducts from agriculture and the food industry as a driver of biotechnological production progress
ZnaÄajne koliÄine raznovrsnih ostataka (odnosno lignocelulozne biomase) nastaju u poljoprivredi, prehrambenoj industriji i Å”umarstvu. Stoga je važno podiÄi svijest o moguÄnostima primjene takvih materijala koji se u danaÅ”nje vrijeme ne bi trebali tretirati kao otpad, veÄ se mogu koristiti kao obnovljive biotehnoloÅ”ke sirovine za proizvodnju kemikalija, drugih visokovrijednih proizvoda i biogoriva. Lignocelulozni materijal uglavnom sadrži celulozu, hemicelulozu i lignin. Predmet interesa ovog rada je lignocelulozni otpad iz poljoprivrede i prehrambene industrije kao moguÄi sirovinski temelj za napredak održive biotehnoloÅ”ke proizvodnje u Republici Hrvatskoj. Razmotrene su dostupne koliÄine ovih lignoceluloznih sirovina, tipovi bioprocesa u kojima se one mogu koristiti, postupci predobrade koje je neophodno provesti prije provedbe samog bioprocesa te vrste biotehnoloÅ”kih proizvoda koje je moguÄe dobiti.Significant amounts of various residues (i.e. lignocellulosic biomass) are generated in agriculture, food industry and forestry. Therefore, it is important to raise awareness about the possibilities of using such materials, which nowadays should not be treated as waste, but can be used as renewable biotechnological raw materials for the production of chemicals, other high-value products and biofuels. Lignocellulosic material consists mainly of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. The subject of interest of this paper is lignocellulosic waste from agriculture and the food industry as a possible raw material basis for the progress of sustainable biotechnological production in the Republic of Croatia. The available amounts of these lignocellulosic raw materials, the types of bioprocesses in which they can be used, the pretreatment procedures that need to be carried out before the implementation of the bioprocess itself, and the types of biotechnological products that can be obtained have been considered
Positive socio-economic and ecological effects of biogas production by anaerobic digestion
Glavni proizvod anaerobne digestije je bioplin, koji je obnovljivo gorivo, a sporedni proizvod ovog procesa je digestat, koji se koristi kao gnojivo bogato hranjivim tvarima. Dodatni pozitivni uÄinci anaerobne digestije su razgradnja organskog otpada te smanjenje neugodnih mirisa i koncentracije patogenih mikroorganizama. Bioplin se uglavnom koristi za proizvodnju elektriÄne energije i topline, a u nekim sluÄajevima se proÄiÅ”Äava da bi se dobio biometan koji se koristi u mreži prirodnog plina, kao gorivo za motore s unutarnjim sagorijevanjem ili kao polazna kemikalija za kemijsku industriju. Zbog svega navedenog, razvoj proizvodnje bioplina ima pozitivne druÅ”tveno-ekonomske i ekoloÅ”ke uÄinke. Bioplin proizveden u Hrvatskoj veÄinom se koristi za proizvodnju elektriÄne i toplinske energije u kogeneracijskim postrojenjima. Iako su u Hrvatskoj dostupne razliÄite obnovljive sirovine koje bi se mogle iskoristiti za proizvodnju bioplina, njihov je potencijal do sada bio nedovoljno iskoriÅ”ten. Kao sirovine za proizvodnju bioplina u nas se pretežno koriste gnojovka i nusproizvodi poljoprivrede, klaonica i prehrambene industrije. Racionalnijim koriÅ”tenjem zemljiÅ”ta i razvojem prehrambene industrije mogla bi se poveÄati koliÄina poljoprivrednih ostataka i nusproizvoda koji nastaju preradom hrane. Usmjeravanjem i poticanjem koriÅ”tenja ovih nusproizvoda za anaerobnu digestiju može se stimulirati brži razvoj proizvodnje bioplina u Hrvatskoj. Pored moguÄeg poveÄanja vlastite proizvodnje elektriÄne energije i goriva, radi se o ekoloÅ”ki povoljnoj tehnologiji koja ima pozitivan druÅ”tveno-ekonomski uÄinak.The main product of anaerobic digestion is biogas, which is a renewable fuel, and the by-product of this process is digestate, which is used as a nutrient-rich fertilizer. Additional positive effects of anaerobic digestion are the decomposition of organic waste and the reduction of unpleasant odors and the concentration of pathogenic microorganisms. Biogas is mainly used for the production of electricity and heat, and in some cases it is purified to obtain biomethane which is used in the natural gas network, as a fuel for internal combustion engines or as a starting chemical for the chemical industry. Due to all of the above, the development of biogas production has positive socio-economic and ecological effects. Biogas produced in Croatia is mostly used for the production of electricity and thermal energy at cogeneration plants. Although various renewable raw materials are available in Croatia that could be used for biogas production, their potential has been underutilized until now. Manure and by-products of agriculture, slaughterhouses and the food industry are mainly used as raw materials for the production of biogas in our country. More rational use of land and development of the food industry could increase the amount of agricultural residues and by-products resulting from food processing. Directing and encouraging the use of these by-products for biogas production can stimulate a faster development of biogas production in our Croatia. In addition to the possible increase in own production of electricity and fuel, it is an environmentally friendly technology that has a positive socio-economic effect
Pozitivni druÅ”tveno-ekonomski i ekoloÅ”ki uÄinci proizvodnje bioplina anaerobnom digestijom
Glavni proizvod anaerobne digestije je bioplin, koji je obnovljivo gorivo, a sporedni proizvod ovog procesa je digestat, koji se koristi kao gnojivo bogato hranjivim tvarima. Dodatni pozitivni uÄinci anaerobne digestije su razgradnja organskog otpada te smanjenje neugodnih mirisa i koncentracije patogenih mikroorganizama. Bioplin se uglavnom koristi za proizvodnju elektriÄne energije i topline, a u nekim sluÄajevima se proÄiÅ”Äava da bi se dobio biometan koji se koristi u mreži prirodnog plina, kao gorivo za motore s unutarnjim sagorijevanjem ili kao polazna kemikalija za kemijsku industriju. Zbog svega navedenog, razvoj proizvodnje bioplina ima pozitivne druÅ”tveno-ekonomske i ekoloÅ”ke uÄinke. Bioplin proizveden u Hrvatskoj veÄinom se koristi za proizvodnju elektriÄne i toplinske energije u kogeneracijskim postrojenjima. Iako su u Hrvatskoj dostupne razliÄite obnovljive sirovine koje bi se mogle iskoristiti za proizvodnju bioplina, njihov je potencijal do sada bio nedovoljno iskoriÅ”ten. Kao sirovine za proizvodnju bioplina u nas se pretežno koriste gnojovka i nusproizvodi poljoprivrede, klaonica i prehrambene industrije. Racionalnijim koriÅ”tenjem zemljiÅ”ta i razvojem prehrambene industrije mogla bi se poveÄati koliÄina poljoprivrednih ostataka i nusproizvoda koji nastaju preradom hrane. Usmjeravanjem i poticanjem koriÅ”tenja ovih nusproizvoda za anaerobnu digestiju može se stimulirati brži razvoj proizvodnje bioplina u Hrvatskoj. Pored moguÄeg poveÄanja vlastite proizvodnje elektriÄne energije i goriva, radi se o ekoloÅ”ki povoljnoj tehnologiji koja ima pozitivan druÅ”tveno-ekonomski uÄinak
Positive socio-economic and ecological effects of biogas production by anaerobic digestion
The main product of anaerobic digestion is biogas, which is a renewable fuel, and the by-product of this process is digestate, which is used as a nutrient-rich fertilizer. Additional positive effects of anaerobic digestion are the decomposition of organic waste and the reduction of unpleasant odors and the concentration of pathogenic microorganisms. Biogas is mainly used for the production of electricity and heat, and in some cases it is purified to obtain biomethane which is used in the natural gas network, as a fuel for internal combustion engines or as a starting chemical for the chemical industry. Due to all of the above, the development of biogas production has positive socio-economic and ecological effects. Biogas produced in Croatia is mostly used for the production of electricity and thermal energy at cogeneration plants. Although various renewable raw materials are available in Croatia that could be used for biogas production, their potential has been underutilized until now. Manure and by-products of agriculture, slaughterhouses and the food industry are mainly used as raw materials for the production of biogas in our country. More rational use of land and development of the food industry could increase the amount of agricultural residues and by-products resulting from food processing. Directing and encouraging the use of these by-products for biogas production can stimulate a faster development of biogas production in our Croatia. In addition to the possible increase in own production of electricity and fuel, it is an environmentally friendly technology that has a positive socio-economic effect