The Reset: Connecting Internal Crisis Communication Strategy with Post-Pandemic Remote Worker Populations Through an Employee Engagement Framework

In the post-pandemic workforce, unprecedented events are the new normal. Although the remote worker revolution has been rumored for decades, in early 2020, the idea became an instant reality when global governments closed their borders, instituted lockdown, and ordered citizens to shelter-in-place (Weideman & Hofmeyr, 2020). Given the global shift in work, organizations have an immediate need to communicate with the crisis-ladened, post-pandemic, remote workforce; however, there is a sizable gap in research between internal crisis communication and the post-pandemic remote worker population. Through a phenomenologically based, interpretive analysis of current strategic and crisis communication research and frameworks, this project provides a starting point for addressing these challenges. It defines and establishes the gap between internal crisis communication and the revolutionized remote worker population and then seeks to bridge the gap by proposing a modified framework for strategic communication rooted in employee engagement scholarship. It concludes with a R.E.S.E.T. strategy that paves the way for practical next steps, future research, and marketplace application

Nourishment for Life: A Study in Nutrition from a Philosophical & Scientific Perspective

This paper attempts to demonstrate that the conventionally scientific approach to food is insufficient and provide an alternative pathway to approach the subject of nutrition with an additional layer of philosophical thought for an improved result. This paper attempts to lay the early groundwork for an expanded model, which necessarily includes a philosophical angle from which to work. This proposal is a model that will enable considerations about nutrition more broadly, in ways that are critical in thinking and creative in process towards exploring options for arriving at ultimately best practices with best outcomes in mind. The examination of practices, policies, and our beliefs about food, can reveal information to shift thinking and empower individuals and groups to address the dietary problems we continue to face and will begin to face with the evolution of the food industry, on a planet with limited resources and a growing population with increased nutritional needs. This is not a prescriptive model. The aim is to help shift and shape thinking about thinking, with the intent to consider alternatives from a critical and creative position, in order establish superior food philosophy and approach when it comes to matters of nutrition and nourishment as a global subject. Readers might then contemplate what might be thought of as best practices in each arena related to nutrition and nourishment with the hopes that it will ultimately lead to a thriving state of existence for individuals, and then in their sphere of influence. The approach is rather epistemic in that I seek to bring people to a place where they can begin to digest the data in context, in synthesis, and towards what is the best possible option, given the entire picture, as real knowledge in justified true belief

Metrics that matter for assessing the ocean biological carbon pump

© The Author(s), 2020. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Buesseler, K. O., Boyd, P. W., Black, E. E., & Siegel, D. A. Metrics that matter for assessing the ocean biological carbon pump. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, (2020): 201918114, doi: 10.1073/pnas.1918114117.The biological carbon pump (BCP) comprises wide-ranging processes that set carbon supply, consumption, and storage in the oceans’ interior. It is becoming increasingly evident that small changes in the efficiency of the BCP can significantly alter ocean carbon sequestration and, thus, atmospheric CO2 and climate, as well as the functioning of midwater ecosystems. Earth system models, including those used by the United Nation’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, most often assess POC (particulate organic carbon) flux into the ocean interior at a fixed reference depth. The extrapolation of these fluxes to other depths, which defines the BCP efficiencies, is often executed using an idealized and empirically based flux-vs.-depth relationship, often referred to as the “Martin curve.” We use a new compilation of POC fluxes in the upper ocean to reveal very different patterns in BCP efficiencies depending upon whether the fluxes are assessed at a fixed reference depth or relative to the depth of the sunlit euphotic zone (Ez). We find that the fixed-depth approach underestimates BCP efficiencies when the Ez is shallow, and vice versa. This adjustment alters regional assessments of BCP efficiencies as well as global carbon budgets and the interpretation of prior BCP studies. With several international studies recently underway to study the ocean BCP, there are new and unique opportunities to improve our understanding of the mechanistic controls on BCP efficiencies. However, we will only be able to compare results between studies if we use a common set of Ez-based metrics.We thank the many scientists whose ideas and contributions over the years are the foundation of this paper. This includes A. Martin, who led the organization of the BIARRITZ group (now JETZON) workshop in July 2019, discussions at which helped to motivate this article. We thank D. Karl for pointing us in the right direction for this paper format at PNAS and two thoughtful reviewers who through their comments helped to improve this manuscript. Support for writing this piece is acknowledged from several sources, including the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution’s Ocean Twilight Zone project (K.O.B.); NASA as part of the EXport Processes in the global Ocean from RemoTe Sensing (EXPORTS) program (K.O.B. and D.A.S.). E.E.B. was supported by a postdoctoral fellowship through the Ocean Frontier Institute at Dalhousie University. P.W.B. was supported by the Australian Research Council through a Laureate (FL160100131)

Spatial variability and the fate of cesium in coastal sediments near Fukushima, Japan

© The Author(s), 2014. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Biogeosciences 11 (2014): 5123-5137, doi:10.5194/bg-11-5123-2014.Quantifying the amount of cesium incorporated into marine sediments as a result of the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) accident has proven challenging due to the limited multi-core sampling from within the 30 km zone around the facility; the inherent spatial heterogeneities in ocean sediments; and the potential for inventory fluctuations due to physical, biological, and chemical processes. Using 210Pb, 234Th, 137Cs, and 134Cs profiles from 20 sediment cores, coastal sediment inventories were reevaluated. A 137Cs sediment inventory of 100 ± 50 TBq was found for an area of 55 000 km2 using cores from this study and a total of 130 ± 60 TBq using an additional 181 samples. These inventories represent less than 1% of the estimated 15–30 PBq of cesium released during the FDNPP disaster. The time needed for surface sediment activities (0 to 3 cm) at the 20 locations to be reduced by 50% via sediment mixing was estimated to range from 0.4 to 26 yr. Due to the observed variability in mixing rates, grain size, and inventories, additional cores are needed to improve these estimates and capture the full extent of cesium penetration into the shallow coastal sediments, which was deeper than 14 cm for all cores retrieved from water depths less than 150 m.The authors would also like to acknowledge the support of the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, Deerbrook Charitable Trust, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, and Massachusetts Institute of Technology

“There’s A Tag for That”: An Exploratory Study of Tag Functions in the Archive of Our Own

Although there have been many studies on the effectiveness of tagging systems for information organization and retrieval, there have been far fewer studies to address other tag functions and their impact on user experience and the evaluation of information. There was a particular lack of research into how tags function for users who did not add them to a resource. This study used a diary protocol followed by interviews to investigate the functions tags played for users of the Archive of Our Own and their impact on the user experience of the site. Results suggested that tags frequently influenced a users’ decision to consume a fanwork and could also affect their perception of the fanwork or its creator. Participants generally had a positive user experience of the AO3 and found it easier to retrieve fanworks on it than other repositories. Some suggestions for future research are made in the conclusion.Master of Science in Information Scienc

An investigation of basin-scale controls on upper ocean export and remineralization

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution February 2018.The biological carbon pump (BCP) helps to moderate atmospheric carbon dioxide levels by bringing carbon to the deep ocean, where it can be sequestered on timescales of centuries to millennia. Climate change is predicted to decrease the efficiency of the global BCP, however, the magnitude and timescale of this shift is largely uncertain and will likely impact some areas of the global ocean more significantly than others. Therefore, it is imperative that we (1) accurately quantify surface export and remineralization of particulate organic carbon (POC) via the BCP over large regions of the global ocean, (2) examine the factors controlling these POC fluxes and their variability, which includes the cycling of biologically-relevant trace metals, and (3) establish if and how the BCP is changing over time. This thesis focuses on addressing various aspects of these objectives using the 234Th-238U method across basin-scale GEOTRACES transects. First, the export and remineralization of POC were examined across large gradients in productivity, upwelling, community structure, and dissolved oxygen in the southeastern tropical Pacific Ocean. Although low oxygen zones are traditionally thought to have decreased POC flux attenuation relative to other regions of the global ocean and the low oxygen Pacific locations followed this pattern, regions that were functionally anoxic had enhanced attenuation in the upper 400 m. Second, trace metal export and remineralization were quantified across the Pacific transect. Because many trace metals are necessary for the metabolic functions of marine organisms and can co-limit marine productivity, the controls on the cycling of trace metals in the upper ocean were examined. Lastly, POC export was determined across two transects in the Western Arctic Ocean, where light and nutrient availability drive the biological pump. Upper ocean export estimates in the central basin did not reflect a substantial change in the biological pump compared to studies from the last three decades, however, an extensive maximum in 234Th relative to 238U deeper in the water column indicated that rapid vertical transport had occurred, which could suggest a more efficient biological pump in the Arctic Ocean.I was funded under the NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship Program grant (NNX13AP31H) for three years. I was also funded for work on the U.S. Pacific and Arctic GEOTRACES campaigns under two National Science Foundation grants (OCE-1232669 and OCE- 1458305). The MIT Henry G. Houghton Fund provided support for the purchase of computers and textbooks and the MIT Scurlock Fund allowed for my travel to Bermuda for cruise training. WHOI Academic Programs supplemented the aforementioned funding and also provided additional support for travel to conferences

Not Just Women’s Work: Recruiting Men to Occupational Therapy

Compared to women, men are less likely to become occupational therapists (OT). To have a more diverse workforce, and to relate to various patient groups, reasons men do not enter the field of OT must be better understood. Our study compares men and women in their familiarity with OT and desire to work in the field. Data were gathered using an online, self-report survey administered to students at a public university in the southeast. The sample included 334 undergraduate students who were in majors that often serve as feeder programs to OT graduate programs. The average age was 19.8 years (SD = 3.84). A majority of the students were women (80.1%). Ratings of familiarity with OT or interest in OT were generally low, with no significant differences between men and women. Women were more likely to endorse a calling orientation (i.e., work brings fulfillment to life) to their work, while men were more likely to endorse a career (i.e., advancement indicates achievement) or job orientation (i.e., the job is a means to an end). Career orientation predicted a greater interest in entering healthcare for men, but not women. More broadly, men and women may be interested in healthcare for different reasons, and this information needs to be utilized in marketing the profession

Insights from the U-238-th-234 method into the coupling of biological export and the cycling of cadmium, cobalt, and manganese in the southeast Pacific Ocean

Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2019. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Global Biogeochemical Cycles 33(1), (2019): 15-36, doi:10.1029/2018GB005985.Better constraints on the magnitude of particulate export and the residence times of trace elements are required to understand marine food web dynamics, track the transport of anthropogenic trace metals in the ocean, and improve global climate models. While prior studies have been successful in constructing basin‐scale budgets of elements like carbon in the upper ocean, the cycling of particulate trace metals is poorly understood. The 238U‐234Th method is used here with data from the GP‐16 GEOTRACES transect to investigate the upper ocean processes controlling the particulate export of cadmium, cobalt, and manganese in the southeastern Pacific. Patterns in the flux data indicated that particulate cadmium and cobalt behave similarly to particulate phosphorus and organic carbon, with the highest export in the productive coastal region and decreasing flux with depth due to remineralization. The export of manganese was influenced by redox conditions at the low oxygen coastal stations and by precipitation and/or scavenging elsewhere. Residence times with respect to export (total inventory divided by particulate flux) for phosphorus, cadmium, cobalt, and manganese in the upper 100 and 200 m were determined to be on the order of months to years. These GEOTRACES‐based synthesis efforts, combining a host of concentration and tracer data with unprecedented resolution, will help to close the oceanic budgets of trace metals.This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (OCE‐1232669 and OCE‐1518110), and Erin Black was also funded by a NASA Earth and Space Science Graduate Fellowship (NNX13AP31H). The authors would like to thank the captain, crew, and scientists aboard the R/V Thomas G. Thompson. A special thanks to two anonymous reviewers and Virginie Sanial for providing the additional 228Ra‐based estimates for Cd. All original data have been made available in either the supporting information or through BCO‐DMO (see Website and Database References).2019-06-1

Best News User Guide: Coalitions

This user guide was created to help tobacco control staff and partners implement evidence-based best practices by translating research into practical guidance. The user guides focus on strategies (e.g., programs and interventions) that have shown strong or promising evidence of effectiveness. Recommendations in this guide are suggestions for utilizing coalitions in comprehensive tobacco control programs.https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/cphss/1062/thumbnail.jp

Lessons learned from bovine subclinical endometritis:A systematic review exploring its potential relevance to chronic endometritis in women

Chronic endometritis (CE) in humans is asymptomatic inflammation of the endometrium, associated with poor reproductive outcomes. Similarly, asymptomatic endometrial inflammation in cows, termed subclinical endometritis (SCE), is associated with adverse reproductive outcomes. While the pathophysiology and treatment options for CE in humans remain poorly defined, the well-known financial implications of SCE in dairy cows have attracted intensive research. We performed a systematic review to determine potential areas of interest in human CE research, by analysing emergent themes that arose in studies of SCE in cows. A literature search for studies of subclinical endometritis in cows published between 1990 and November 2021 was performed across Embase, Medline, Scopus and CINAHL. Studies of symptomatic or clinical endometritis were excluded. A thematic analysis across two broad themes was explored: i) diagnostic methods of SCE and ii) pathophysiology of SCE. In total, 51 bovine studies were included. Twelve studies reported on diagnostic methodology. The primary emergent theme was the use of cytology for the diagnosis of SCE. Cytological analysis has a lower sensitivity than histopathology but is less invasive and more specific than alternative techniques such as ultrasound, vaginoscopy or metabolic markers. The subthemes related to pathophysiology were identified as the type of endometritis, metabolic stress, artificial insemination, infective causes and altered cellular pathways. Despite the lack of symptoms, cellular pathways of inflammation including NF-κB, MAPK and inflammasomes were found to be activated. The key themes related to the diagnosis and pathophysiology of SCE in cows identified in this systematic review highlight potential areas for future research into human CE.</p