Applying Platform Design to Improve Product-Service Systems Collaborative Development

Part 3: Product-Service SystemsInternational audienceThe promise of Product-Service Systems (PSS) is that it might revolutionize the consumer experience, increase the manufacture’s profits and reduce environmental impacts by providing comprehensive solutions instead of pure physical products or services. However, most of the existing researches and applications on PSS are focus on the new PSS development (NPD) which could increase the customer satisfaction but could not enhance the profits of an enterprise effectively. Therefore, the platform design theory is adopted to support collaborative development of PSS. The customer requirements are forecasted by Kano model. Instead of completely innovation design, existing products and services are analyzed by function decomposition methods and the modular technology to support the PSS development. Finally, a case study of the crane machine PSS portfolios shows the effectiveness of the proposed approach

E-rosette positive acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in adolescents and adults

E-rosetting of leukaemic blast cells is one of the markers of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). In children, E+ ALL has a bad prognosis. In adults, data are scarce. This report provides information on 25 E+ ALL adult patients who have a minimum follow-up time of 36 months. Twenty-two of 25 patients (88%) achieved complete remission (CR) (median duration 16 months), and six of them were alive, relapse-free, and off therapy after 36-81 months, with a 26% projected 6-year relapse-free survival. In 97 patients with E-SmIg- ALL, who were treated at the same Institutions, over the same period of time, and by the same modalities, the outcome of therapy was almost identical: CR 80%, median duration of first CR 15 months, projected 6-year relapse-free survival 15%. The white blood cell (WBC) count at presentation influenced significantly and to the same degree of first CR length in both E+ and E- cases. In this adult series, WBC count was not as high as in children. Moreover, a high Hb concentration, a very high WBC count, lymphadenomegaly, and mediastinal involvement, were found more frequently in adolescents and young adults than in adults. Based on these data, it is suggested that in adults E-rosetting as such is not a marker of a poorer prognosis, that some of the typical features of children E+ ALL weaken with age, and that in adults the disease can have a less aggressive character