Revealing Hidden Genuine Tripartite Nonlocality

Nonlocal correlations arising from measurements on tripartite entangled states can be classified into two groups, one genuinely $3-$way nonlocal and other local with respect to some bipartition. Still, whether a genuinely tripartite entangled quantum state can exhibit genuine $3-$way nonlocality, remains a challenging problem so far as measurement context is concerned. Here we introduce a novel approach in this regard. We consider three tripartite quantum states none of which is genuinely $3-$way nonlocal in a specific Bell scenario (three parties, two measurements per party, two outcomes per measurement), but they can exhibit genuine $3-$way nonlocality when the initial states are subjected to stochastic local operations and classical communication (SLOCC). So, genuine $3-$way nonlocality is a resource, which can be revealed by using a sequence of measurements.Comment: 10 pages, 2 figures, revtex, comments welcom

Tamoxifen Citrate Encapsulated Sustained Release Liposomes: Preparation and Evaluation of Physicochemical Properties

The present study was designed for the development of a stable sustained release liposomal drug delivery system for tamoxifen citrate (TC) using soya phosphatidylcholine (SPC), cholesterol (CH) and span 20 as main ingredients. Liposomes were prepared by formation of thin lipid film followed by hydration. The mean vesicle diameter was found to be 203.5 ± 19.5 nm with 21% of the liposomal population having average diameter below 76.72 ± 6.7 nm. There was a good vesicular distribution with the polydispersity index of 0.442 ± 0.03. The maximum loading of drug was determined to be 53.60% of the initial amount that is 34.58 μg of drug per mg of lipid. Amongst the different storage conditions, liposomes stored at 2–8°C were found to be most stable and only 4% of the drug was lost over the storage period of 5 weeks. In vitro release studies of liposomes showed that 50% of drug was released within 3 hours (h) whereas 95% drug was released in 30 h. This indicates the usefulness of the liposomal delivery system for sustaining the in vitro release of tamoxifen citrate

Several Trade off Features of Quantum Steering in Distributed Scenario

In the present work, we address the question of how bipartite steering violation takes place among multi-partite systems (where each sub-system have Hilbert space dimension restricted to two) based on the maximal violations of the bipartite steering inequality of the reduced pairwise qubit systems. We have derived a trade-off relation which is satisfied by those pairwise bipartite maximal steering violations, which physically can be understood as providing restrictions on the distribution of steering among subsystems. For a three-qubit system, it is impossible that all pairs of qubits violate the steering inequality, and once a pair of qubits violates the steering inequality maximally, the other two pairs of qubits must both obey the steering inequality. We also present a complementarity relation between genuine entanglement present in a tripartite state and maximum bipartite steering violation by its reduced states.Comment: Close to published versio