Conditions for Inscribed Triangle to Be Similar to Given Triangle

Abstract: In this research paper, I will derive the conditions for similarity between a triangle and its inscribed triangle. I will go through the inverse similarity conditions of an inscribed triangle for acute angled triangle and right angled triangle. I will use the basic laws of geometry to deduce the conclusion. Apart from mid-point triangle, we will analyze the conditions of similarity for other inscribed triangle.</jats:p

Breast Cancer among Cancer Patients Visiting the Department of Internal Medicine of a Tertiary Centre

Introduction: Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide both in terms of incidence and mortality. Its incidence has been on an increasing trend in developing nations including Nepal, however, there is very limited evidence of its demographic profile in our setting. This study aimed to find out the prevalence of breast cancer among cancer patients visiting the Department of Internal Medicine of a tertiary centre. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among cancer patients visiting the Department of Internal Medicine of a tertiary care centre using retrospectively collected data from 1 August 2022 to 30 July 2023 after obtaining ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee. Histopathologically confirmed cancer patients were included and those with incomplete and duplicated data were excluded. A convenience sampling method was used. The point estimate was calculated at a 95% Confidence Interval. Results: Among 2067 cancer patients, the prevalence of breast cancer was 102 (4.93%) (4.00-5.87, 95% Confidence Interval). The mean age was 50.51±2.08 years. The most commonly affected age group was 40 to 60 years constituting 61 (59.80%) patients. Histologically, invasive breast cancer of no special type was the most common and was found in 91 (89.22%) patients. Conclusions: The prevalence of breast cancer was similar to other studies done in similar settings

Congenital Limb Deficiency: A Case Report

The complete absence of limbs is a rare occurrence. Though the causes are various, it is hard to elicit most of the time. They are usually diagnosed via anomaly scan but the lack of access to the same can often lead to a term presentation. It is still not uncommon to receive pregnant patients at term to the hospital or in labour as the first antenatal visit. Increasing the feasibility of the scan can help in the early diagnosis and management. Here, we report a rare combination of limb defects that we managed in a district-level hospital and highlight the difficulties in the management and referral of the patients while working in rural areas. </jats:p

Congenital Limb Deficiency: A Case Report

The complete absence of limbs is a rare occurrence. Though the causes are various, it is hard to elicit most of the time. They are usually diagnosed via anomaly scan but the lack of access to the same can often lead to a term presentation. It is still not uncommon to receive pregnant patients at term to the hospital or in labour as the first antenatal visit. Increasing the feasibility of the scan can help in the early diagnosis and management. Here, we report a rare combination of limb defects that we managed in a district-level hospital and highlight the difficulties in the management and referral of the patients while working in rural areas

The double target sign as ultrasonographic finding in a case of double intussusception: A case report

Intussusception is one of the common conditions in children presenting with abdominal pain. The exact etiology of intussusception is unknown. Lead point is not identified in the majority of cases in children. Commonly, radiographic evidence suggests the presence of a target sign is diagnosis of intussusception. However, the presence of a double target sign in the case of intussusception is rare and depicts the presence of double intussusception. We present a case report of a 1-year-old child who presented to the emergency department with excessive crying for more than 10 hours. After the initial clinical assessment and acute management, an abdominal ultrasound revealed a double target sign on the sub-hepatic and left para-umbilical region which suggested double intussusception. No lead point was identified in our case. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment are the mainstay of management in such cases

Hydatid Cyst of Thyroid Gland: A Case Report

ABSTRACT Hydatid cysts in the thyroid gland are extremely rare, even in endemic areas. A 64‐year‐old male presented with a painless swelling on the left side of the thyroid swelling for 2 years. Ultrasonography revealed a large multiloculated anechoic lesion while fine needle aspiration cytology yielded clear watery to granular fluid containing hooklets, protoscolioces, laminated membrane, identifiable on both Giemsa stained and unstained slides. Further tests confirmed positive serology for Echinococcus, and computed tomography (CT) scan showed no such cysts in other organs. The patient was treated successfully with a lobectomy without signs of recurrence in 1 year. Although primary hydatid cysts of the thyroid are rare, even in endemic areas, they should be considered as a differential diagnosis when evaluating thyroid nodules in these regions. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) can confirm the diagnosis. However, clinicians must take care to avoid anaphylactic reactions. The use of FNAC in hydatid disease is debatable as it may cause anaphylactic reaction, but in cases with doubtful diagnosis, it can serve as a confirmatory tool. The condition can be managed successfully with lobectomy

Primary Leiomyosarcoma of the Kidney: A Case Report

ABSTRACT Primary renal leiomyosarcoma is a rare but highly aggressive tumor with a poor prognosis. Early detection and surgical excision provide the most effective initial treatment. However, vigilant postoperative surveillance is critical due to the elevated risk of tumor recurrence and metastasis, as seen in this case