Psychologische Analyse und Behandlung von Schmerzzuständen

In diesem Aufsatz geht es um die psychologische Analyse und Behandlung von Schmerzzuständen. Einleitung, Aufgaben klinischer Schmerzmessung

Psychophysiologische Grundlagen der Psychotherapie

Der Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit der Psychotherapie, z.B. mit dem Drei-Ebenen-Konzept des emotionalen Verhaltens und mit den physiologischen Prozessen der Patienten

Biorretroalomentacio de tasa cardiaga, presion sangilinea y potenciales corticales lentos

Studies on the biofeedback of heart raie, blood pressure, and slow cortical potentials, are presented. Their implications for behavior therapy are pointed out. The research done by ihe author and his associates is analyzed. In spite of the shortcomings ot' our current knowledge in several areas, the study of the physiological bases of biofeedback is considered a very promising fieid of investigation

Psychophysiologische Ansätze

Behandelt werden die Grundsätze der Psychophysiologie von Emotionen

Operant enhancement of EEG-Theta activity

During the last several years the interest in "operant" control of theta activity in the electroencephalogram (EEG) has rapidly increased. Apart from concern for actual scientific support, a wide range of clinical methods for "theta-control" are advertised by the biofeedback industry. This interest was partly stimulated by speculations on the involvement of theta activity in specific psychological and behavioral responses

Aspekte der klinischen Psychologie

Vortragsmitschnitt, es werden die Aspekte der Psychologie in klinischer Hinsicht erörtert und behandelt

Selbstregulation des Gehirns: Ende der Spontaneität?

In diesem Aufsatz handelt es sich um die Regulation des Gehirnes, weithingehend im Bereich der Selbstregulation der Gehirnwellen

Überlegungen zu einer psychophysiologischen Theorie der Desensibilisierung

Ausgehend von hirnelektrischen Befunden während Desensibilisierungsexperimenten und der Kritik an der „maximalen Habituationshypothese" wird eine Identität angsthemmender, konsolidierender und positiv verstärkender zentralnervöser Mechanismen postuliert. Kortikale Gleichspannungsverschiebungen begleiten die während Angst und Angstreduktion ablaufenden kognitiven Prozesse, welche die Art der ausgelösten Emotionen und motorischen Reaktionen bestimmen. Der Zusammenhang zwischen unspezifischer Aktivierung und der Reinforcement-Wirkung wird aufgezeigt. Ein neuropsychologisches Modell zur Erklärung der während einer Desensibilisierung ablaufenden zentralnervösen, emotionellen und kognitiven Prozesse wird vorgestellt und Implikationen für die Praxis abgeleitet

Agent-based modeling of intracellular transport

We develop an agent-based model of the motion and pattern formation of vesicles. These intracellular particles can be found in four different modes of (undirected and directed) motion and can fuse with other vesicles. While the size of vesicles follows a log-normal distribution that changes over time due to fusion processes, their spatial distribution gives rise to distinct patterns. Their occurrence depends on the concentration of proteins which are synthesized based on the transcriptional activities of some genes. Hence, differences in these spatio-temporal vesicle patterns allow indirect conclusions about the (unknown) impact of these genes. By means of agent-based computer simulations we are able to reproduce such patterns on real temporal and spatial scales. Our modeling approach is based on Brownian agents with an internal degree of freedom, θ, that represents the different modes of motion. Conditions inside the cell are modeled by an effective potential that differs for agents dependent on their value θ. Agent's motion in this effective potential is modeled by an overdampted Langevin equation, changes of θ are modeled as stochastic transitions with values obtained from experiments, and fusion events are modeled as space-dependent stochastic transitions. Our results for the spatio-temporal vesicle patterns can be used for a statistical comparison with experiments. We also derive hypotheses of how the silencing of some genes may affect the intracellular transport, and point to generalizations of the mode

The Influence of Psychological State and Motivation on Brain–Computer Interface Performance in Patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis – a Longitudinal Study

The current study investigated the effects of psychological well-being measured as quality of life (QoL), depression, current mood and motivation on brain–computer interface (BCI) performance in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Six participants with most advanced ALS were trained either for a block of 20 sessions with a BCI based on sensorimotor rhythms (SMR) or a block of 10 sessions with a BCI based on event-related potentials, or both. Questionnaires assessed QoL and severity of depressive symptoms before each training block and mood and motivation before each training session. The SMR-BCI required more training than the P300-BCI. The information transfer rate was higher with the P300-BCI (3.25 bits/min) than with the SMR-BCI (1.16 bits/min). Mood and motivation were related to the number of BCI sessions. Motivational factors, specifically challenge and mastery confidence, were positively related to BCI performance (controlled for the number of sessions) in tow participants, while incompetence fear was negatively related with performance in one participant. BCI performance was not related to motivational factors in three other participants nor to mood in any of the six participants. We conclude that motivational factors may be related to BCI performance in individual subjects and suggest that motivational factors and well-being should be assessed in standard BCI protocols. We also recommend using P300-based BCI as first choice in severely paralyzed patients who present with a P300 evoked potential