Assessment of infection control practice in private dental hospital

Background: The purpose of this study was to assess the awareness and practice of infection control procedures among dental surgeons in the private dental hospital.Methods: This is an observational study conducted among thirty dental surgeons working in a private dental hospital in Gwalior, (M.P.) to evaluate the management policies and procedures associated with infection control and instrument decontamination. The doctors were indirectly interviewed by self-administered questionnaire consisted of twenty-one questions regarding the availability of infection control materials, use of personal protective devices, techniques of hand washing, sterilization methods, control of aerosols, status of immunization, asking about medical history, routine documentation of needle-prick injuries, methods of waste segregation etc. The study group was selected regardless of sex, age and field of expertise. This study was done in two weeks and in this time frame self-administered, pre-structured questionnaire was offered to professionals.Results: In this study it was found that although 95% of doctor’s wear gloves but only 6.6% doctors use protective eyewear and 3.3% use gowns for protection. The most of the doctor’s use soap bars for hand washing which is also not a good infection control practice method. There are only 10% doctors who use high-volume-evacuator but most of the time available evacuator is not in working state. Not a single doctor used rubber dam. Out of thirty 74% use gluteraldehyde, 67% use sodium hypochlorite, 54% use phenolic compounds as a surface disinfectant. Most of the doctors use non-sterilized hand pieces, burs, impression trays etc.Conclusions: The infection control actions implemented by dental surgeons were far from ideal. Efforts are needed to improve attitudes, encourage implementation, raise awareness, promote regular updating courses and motivate dental professionals in the correct and routine use of infection control measures. Apart from this, it is also important to improve the hospital management system

Salvage pneumonectomy for pulmonary arteriovenous malformation in a 12-year-old boy with brain abscess and hemiparesis: A fatal outcome

Large pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs) constitute an uncommon cause of central cyanosis with septic embolism and brain abscess. This large right to left shunt can lead to chronic severe hypoxemia and significant morbidity and mortality if untreated. Conservative parenchyma-sparing lung resection was used widely as treatment of choice. However, with the advent of embolotheraphy, it is considered the preferred mode of treatment with less invasiveness. We here report a 12-year-old boy with large aneurysmal pulmonary arteriovenous fistula presented with brain abscess and hemiparesis. He underwent thoracotomy and pneumonectomy for large PAVMs, and it was complicated with bleeding and massive blood transfusion. The patient developed acute renal failure as a postoperative complication and succumbed to it. We suggest proper look out for systemic collateral and their management by embolitheraphy either alone or in combination should be tried first. We also suggest median sternotomy and intrapericardial approach for pneumonectomy in such difficult situation can be helpful

A case report of combined radical pericardiectomy and beating heart coronary artery bypass grafting in a patient with tubercular chronic constrictive pericarditis with coronary artery disease

We here report a successful midterm outcome following combined off-pump radical pericardiectomy and coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) in a 65-year-old male patient who was suffering from chronic constrictive calcified tubercular pericarditis with coronary artery disease. Simultaneous off-pump CABG and radical pericardiectomy for nonsurgical constrictive pericarditis is reported very rarely in English literature

Synthesis and Characterization of Highly Crystalline Bi-Functional Mn-Doped Zn2SiO4 Nanostructures by Low-Cost Sol–Gel Process

Herein, we demonstrate a process for the synthesis of a highly crystalline bi-functional manganese (Mn)-doped zinc silicate (Zn2SiO4) nanostructures using a low-cost sol–gel route followed by solid state reaction method. Structural and morphological characterizations of Mn-doped Zn2SiO4 with variable doping concentration of 0.03, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 wt% were investigated by using X-ray diffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) techniques. HR-TEM-assisted elemental mapping of the as-grown sample was conducted to confirm the presence of Mn in Zn2SiO4. Photoluminescence (PL) spectra indicated that the Mn-doped Zn2SiO4 nanostructures exhibited strong green emission at 521 nm under 259 nm excitation wavelengths. It was observed that PL intensity increased with the increase of Mn-doping concentration in Zn2SiO4 nanostructures, with no change in emission peak position. Furthermore, magnetism in doped Zn2SiO4 nanostructures was probed by static DC magnetization measurement. The observed photoluminescence and magnetic properties in Mn-doped Zn2SiO4 nanostructures are discussed in terms of structural defect/lattice strain caused by Mn doping and the Jahn–Teller effect. These bi-functional properties of as-synthesized Zn2SiO4 nanostructures provide a new platform for their potential applications towards magneto-optical and spintronic and devices areas

Flecainide for conversion and maintenance of sinus rhythm after mitral valve replacement in rheumatic atrial fibrillationWhat is Already Known?What this Study Adds

Background: Despite successful mitral valve replacement (MVR), many patients remain in AF. Flecainide can be useful in these patients but has not been used because of underlying structural heart disease. Methods: We assessed oral flecainide for conversion and maintenance of SR in 25 patients of chronic rheumatic AF following MVR (age 34.4 yrs, mean AF duration: 3.6 yrs). Non-converters underwent DC cardioversion at 24 h and 4 weeks. Patients received flecainide and bb/diltiazem at discharge. Results: Single oral dose of Flecainide achieved SR in 6/25 (24%) while 19/25 achieved SR after DCC; at 24 h 21/25 (84%) were in SR. With mean flecainide dose (93.10 ± 9.40 mg), successful maintenance of SR at 6 months was seen in 16/23 (69.5%). No significant changes in PR interval, QRS duration or QTc were noted; flecainide was well tolerated. Patients in SR had significantly better functional status, QOL scores and higher LA strain at 6 months (25.25 vs 17.43%, p  21% for predicting SR were 87.5/71.43% and 100/85.71% respectively. Conclusion: Oral flecainide was safe and effective in post MVR rheumatic AF patients; maintenance of SR was achieved in 76% of initial converters and 64% of overall population, with better LA strain values. More studies are needed to validate these results

Clinical spectrum and prognostic markers of multi-system inflammatory syndrome in children hospitalised in Northern India

Background: Multi-system inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is characterized by hyper-inflammation and multi-organ dysfunction with antecedent SARS-CoV-2 infection. To describe clinical, laboratory characteristics and outcome of children with MIS-C in a low-middle-income-country and to evaluate factors associated with mortality. Methods: Cases ( 50 mg/L [aOR 9.6 (95% CI 1.8–50.9)] and Prothrombin Time (PT) > 17 seconds at presentation [aOR 13.6 (95% CI 1.6–118.9)] to be independently associated with mortality. Need of MV emerged as independent predictor of mortality on Model 2. Conclusions: Children with MIS-C having high CRP and PT at presentation are at increased odds of dying and require intensive monitoring