Cross-linked Chitosan-Sodium Sulfate Matrix Systems Using Gel Casting Method for Sustained Drug Release of Doxorubicin Hydrochloride

The purpose of this study was to design a chitosan matrix systems made with cross-linking agents that targets control release of anticancer drug. Chitosan (CS) with cross-linking agent sodium sulfate (SS) was used for entrapping the model drug Doxorubicin Hydrochloride (DOX) through novel gel casting method. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transforms Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), swelling index, drug entrapment efficiency and in vitro drug release studies were also done for physicochemical characterization of the formulations. Statistically significant different t50% and MDT values were noted between SS (5% w/v), SS (10% w/v) matrix systems and the control, as well as between SS (5% w/v) matrix systems and all the other formulations at pH 5.8 and pH 7.4. DOX release was slower in matrix systems without Explotab® and also at higher dissolution media pH (7.4). Statistically significant dissimilarity was observed between the control and the SS (5% w/v) f2 = 11.32±2.54; SS (10% w/v) f2 = 12.16±0.82 at pH 7.4. The findings of the study suggested that the matrix formulation is a promising carrier for DOX delivery

Cross-linked Chitosan-Sodium Sulfate Matrix Systems Using Gel Casting Method for Sustained Drug Release of Doxorubicin Hydrochloride

The purpose of this study was to design a chitosan matrix systems made with cross-linking agents that targets control release of anticancer drug. Chitosan (CS) with cross-linking agent sodium sulfate (SS) was used for entrapping the model drug Doxorubicin Hydrochloride (DOX) through novel gel casting method. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transforms Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), swelling index, drug entrapment efficiency and in vitro drug release studies were also done for physicochemical characterization of the formulations. Statistically significant different t50% and MDT values were noted between SS (5% w/v), SS (10% w/v) matrix systems and the control, as well as between SS (5% w/v) matrix systems and all the other formulations at pH 5.8 and pH 7.4. DOX release was slower in matrix systems without Explotab® and also at higher dissolution media pH (7.4). Statistically significant dissimilarity was observed between the control and the SS (5% w/v) f2 = 11.32±2.54; SS (10% w/v) f2 = 12.16±0.82 at pH 7.4. The findings of the study suggested that the matrix formulation is a promising carrier for DOX delivery

Ethnomedicinal values of Boerhaavia diffusa L. as a panacea against multiple human ailments: a state of art review

Ethnopharmacological relevance: Therapeutic botanicals (plants and derivatives) are in use since antiquity for various health ailments. The ethnic community is the repository of the information, the multifactorial therapeutic applications of which may often need scientific validation. The spreading hogweed or Boerhaavia diffusa L., also known as Punarnava, is a reassuring medicinal herb with diverse pharmacological benefits. It is used in Ayurveda in Asia and Africa as a rejuvenator or “Rasayan” for its excellent antiaging and antioxidant properties.Aim: The study aimed at compiling the state-of-art knowledge of the medicinal benefits of Boerhaavia diffusa L. and unraveling the unexplored commercially useful bioactive constituents by establishing their possible pharmacological benefits.Methods: The data from published literature, confined to pharmacological manifestations of various phytocomponents of Boerhaavia diffusa L. or its parts like root, leaf and stem were extracted from scientific databases, Google, Science Direct, PubMed, etc. using its antifungal, antibacterial, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, renoprotective, antifertility benefits and molecular docking study as search strings and keywords. Further, the reported in silico studies for bioactivity and bioavailability are detailed.Results: The botanicals possess numerous bioactive compounds, the most widely reported ones being phenolic (punarnavoside, trans-caftaric acid, boerhavic acid), rotenoid (boeravinones A-J), flavonoid (borhaavone, quercetin, kaempferol), isoflavonoid (2′-O-methyl abronisoflavone), alkaloid (punarnavine), steroid (boerhavisterol, β-Ecdysone), anthracenes and lignans (liriodendrin, syringaresinol mono-β-D-glucoside). Some of the reported reassuring benefits of their purified forms or even the crude extracts are antidiabetic, antimicrobial, anticancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, renoprotective, cardioprotective, antifertility, etc.Conclusion: The article provides an extensive study on such pharmacological utility to support the ethnomedicinal use of Boerhaavia diffusa L. and propose possible mechanism of the various bioactive compounds in optimising metabolic dysfunctions, healing and protecting vital body organs, often related to the magnificent antioxidant property of this ayurvedic panacea. Further, establishing specific roles of its yet-to-explore bioactive constituents for diverse pharmacological applications is suggested