The determination of parent attitude and childhood trauma in adolescent pushed into crime

Objective: This study was conducted to determine parent attitude and childhood traumas of adolescents pushed into crime who came to the policlinic of child and adolescent psychiatry for judicial evaluation. Method: Of this descriptive cross-sectional study sample was included 45 adolescents aged between 13 and 18 years, came with their parents to the psychiatric outpatient clinic of child, pushed into crime. Data were collected with Introductory Information Form, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, Parents Attitude Research Instrument Scale. To evaluation of the data, descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney-U, Kruskal Wallis Variance analysis and Pearson correlation analysis were used. Results:84.4 % of adolescent who joined the research were 15-17 age, 60.0% of them were male and 57.8% of them were not unable to continue schooling. The mean of trauma questionnaire of adolescent was found 54.42±7.53 (middle). It was found that sexual abuse’s median points of adolescent who were unable to continue schooling, had a poor commination with father, and physical abuse’s median points of adolescent who lived with their family, and physical neglect’s median points of adolescent who graduated from primary school, and emotional abuse’s median points of adolescent whose father showed irrelevant attitude, and emotional neglects’ median points of adolescent who have three or more sisters/brothers, whose mothers showed unbalanced and inconsistent attitude were higher than other’s significantly (p<0.05). Discussion: Adolescent who pushed into crime experienced middle level childhood trauma. The repressive-irrelevant parental attitude, unable to continue schooling, poor communication with the father, being in the crowded family, having psychiatric diagnosis from childhood are predictors of childhood mental trauma

Social Cognition in Child and Adolescents with Anorexia Nervosa

Social cognition represents the mental processes of social interaction between oneself and others. In recent years, the interest in social cognition skills has increased in cases with eating disorders. Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder that is associated with the multiple factors in etiology. Treatment of anorexia nervosa is still controversial. The youths diagnosed with anorexia nervosa are known to be as the most difficult group in eating disorders for building therapeutic relations. Studies, mostly suggests that there are difficulties in social cognitive functions in patients with anorexia nervosa. However, there are studies that reported different results. It seems that, the majority of studies which evaluate the social cognitive functions in patients with anorexia nervosa, are carried out with the adult age group. There are limited number of studies in child and adolescent age group. The purpose of this paper was to examinate the studies of social cognitive skills in children and adolescents diagnosed with anorexia nervosa and present the general characteristics. [Psikiyatride Guncel Yaklasimlar - Current Approaches in Psychiatry 2015; 7(2): 178-189

The Eating Attitudes, Sleep and Personality Characteristics, and Effects of on Acne Severity in Adolescents with Acne Vulgaris

Background: Acne vulgaris (AV) is a very common dermatological problem during adolescence. It is reported that it has a multifactorial etiology and nutritional attitudes, insufficient and poor-quality sleep may cause increased severity of AV. Aim: We aimed to investigate the sleep, eating attitudes and personality traits, and their effects on acne severity in adolescents with acne. Methods: The study sample was formed of 37 adolescent girls aged 12-18 years who presented at the University Dermatology Clinic and were diagnosed with AV and 37 adolescents without AV-matched age and gender. Eating attitude test, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5 (DSM-5) Personality Inventory Child Form, and child and parent forms of DSM-5 Level 2 Sleep Disorders were applied to in both groups. The AV severity assessed by using the Global Acne Grading Scale (GAGS). Psychiatric diagnosis was excluded with clinical interview according to the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for school-aged children: Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL-DSM-5-T). Results: The mean age of adolescents with and without AV was 15.3 (standard deviation [SD] = 1.7), 15.4 (SD = 1.8), respectively. The mean disease duration of adolescents with AV was 20.4 (SD = 15.2) months, and the mean GAGS score was 23.24 (SD = 9.4). It was determined that eating attitudes, sleep, and personality characteristics of adolescents were similar in both groups. Eating attitudes, sleep, and personality characteristics had no direct effect on acne severity. Conclusion: Although this study demonstrates that eating attitudes, sleep, and personality characteristics were similar in adolescents with and without AV and these variables had no effect on acne severity, these results may have been obtained because of the severity scores of adolescents with AV were moderate. There is a need for researches examining these variables in adolescents with severe AV

The prevalence of mood and anxiety disorders in primary school children population in Turkey

WOS: 00020954790037

Who predict ADHD with better diagnostic accuracy?: Parents or teachers?

Tahillioglu, Akin/0000-0002-3952-3672WOS:000620473100001PubMed: 33612071Objective The objectives of the study were to determine which parents or teachers predict attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) better in children and adolescents, and to detect both diagnostical and symptomatological agreement levels across informant reports. Method A total of 417 cases aged 6-14 from a non-referred community sample were assessed by a semi-structured interview, parent- and teacher-rated ADHD Rating Scale-IV. Also, impairment criteria were taken into account to ensure the gold standard diagnosis for ADHD. The measures of sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and diagnostic accuracy were calculated in each categorical sample. Besides, the agreement between parent and teacher reports of ADHD was investigated. Results Parents and teachers had similar diagnostic accuracy for predicting ADHD. Both parents and teachers predicted ADHD in similar accuracy in both boys and girls, separately. However, girls were found to be more predictable by both parents and teachers compared to boys. Parents with lower education levels had worse diagnostic accuracy than both parents with higher education levels and teachers. Low to moderate agreement and correlations between parent and teacher ADHD reports were detected. Conclusion in general, parents and teachers seem to predict ADHD in similar accuracy. Nevertheless, child gender and parental education level may alter the predictability power for ADHD. The findings can guide for clinicians that how to evaluate observation reports of parents and teachers to make accurate ADHD diagnosis in patients

Diurnal Enuresis Secondary to Aripiprazole in a Child with Autistic Disorder: A Case Report

[No Abstract Available

Prevalence of Anxiety and Mood Disorders and Demographic Characteristics of Elementary School Students

WOS: 000343191900005PubMed ID: 25219691Objective: Childhood psychiatric disorders can prevent individuals from reaching their full potential, and disrupt normal development. Empirical data on the prevalence and incidence of childhood psychiatric disorders are fundamental to understanding the etiology and natural history of such disorders. There have been fewer epidemiologic investigations aimed at estimating the prevalence, incidence, and associated risk factors of psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents, as compared to adults. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of mood disorders (MDs) and anxiety disorders (ADs) in a representative sample of elementary school children from Turkey, providing prevalence rates that were previously unavailable. Materials and Methods: In all, 12 schools were randomly selected and stratified according to socioeconomic status by the Izmir Directorate of National Education. The sample consisted of 419 randomly selected elementary school students, with a 5% margin of error and alpha (t) of 1%. The study included children aged 6-14 years. In total, 417 students were interviewed (total response rate of 99.5 %). The 417 students were assessed using the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Age Children-Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL), Child Behavior Check List (CBCL), Teacher Report Form (TRF), and Impairment Criterion Scale (ICS). Results: The prevalence of MDs and ADs without considering impairment was 2.9% and 13.9%, respectively, versus 1.4% and 2.6% with considering impairment, respectively. Conclusion: The prevalence of MDs and ADs in the present study's sample are similar to those reported from the Western studies. With the inclusion of diagnosis-specific impairment criteria the rates reduced slightly, as previously reported

Is the prevalence of ADHD in Turkish elementary school children really high?

WOS: 000356052100014PubMed ID: 26002410Previous findings in Turkish samples of children have suggested higher prevalence of ADHD than those detected in Western cultures. Methodological problems might explain these findings. Here, we aimed to re-check the prevalence rate of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) along with other childhood psychiatric disorders in a representative school sample of elementary school children in A degrees zmir, Turkey. The sample consisted of 419 randomly selected primary school children aged 6-14-year-old. We were able to interview 417 cases (99.5 % of the sample). Psychiatric diagnoses in children were assessed using the K-SADS-PL (Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children- Present and Lifetime Version) and an impairment criterion scale. The prevalence rates of ADHD were 21.8 and 12.7 % in children without and with impairment, respectively. The following major mental disorders were significantly more prevalent in ADHD cases than controls: oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) (9.4 versus 0 %), conduct disorder (15.1 versus 0 %), anxiety (17 versus 0.5 %), and mood (5.7 versus 0.8 %). Our results confirmed a substantially higher ADHD prevalence rate (more than double) than the suggested pooled worldwide prevalence, although similar to the one recently detected in a representative populational sample of children in the US (11 %). These findings, consistent with previous developmental epidemiology studies from Turkey, confirm that ADHD is highly prevalent in Turkish elementary school children.Eli LillyEli Lilly; Janssen-CilagJohnson & Johnson USAJanssen Biotech Inc; NovartisNovartis; ShireNo financial or material support was taken for the study. Dr. Luis Augusto Rohde was on the speakers' bureau/advisory board and/or acted as consultant for Eli Lilly, Janssen-Cilag, Novartis, and Shire in the last three years. The ADHD and Juvenile Bipolar Disorder Outpatient Programs chaired by him received unrestricted educational and research support from the following pharmaceutical companies in the last three years: Eli Lilly, Janssen-Cilag, Novartis, and Shire. Dr Ercan is on advisory boards for Eli Lilly, Turkey and Janssen, Turkey. The other authors have no biomedical financial interests or potential conflicts of interest to report

Prevalence of Psychiatric Disorders Among Turkish Children: The Effects of Impairment and Sociodemographic Correlates

WOS: 000368181400004PubMed ID: 25846701This study was designed to assess the prevalence of psychiatric disorders and the impact of impairment criteria on rates of diagnoses in a representative sample of elementary school children from a country in a region. We sampled 419 primary school children by using a one-stage design in Izmir, Turkey. The response rate was 99.5 % and 417 cases were assessed using the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children Present and Lifetime Version and a scale to assess the impairment criterion. The results showed that 36.7 % of the sample met DSM-IV criteria independent of impairment and that 14.1 % of the population had one or more DSM-IV disorders when a measure of impairment specific to each diagnosis was considered. The most prevalent disorders were attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and anxiety disorders. This study provided the first estimates of the prevalence of specific DSM-IV-defined psychiatric disorders in Turkish population of children