Towards a common migration policy : potential impact on the EU economy

"There is no simple answer to the question of the potential impact of migration on the EU economy. EU migration policy is expected to meet the requirements of economic and social policy, in particular of the Lisbon Agenda, as well as national cultural, political, strategic and security imperatives. The problem is complicated by different national traditions in social organisation, which are deeply rooted in history and which have resulted in different migration models within the EU. Moreover, what is an issue in its own right is immigration as a tool to counter the negative impact of population ageing on economic growth and the pressure on public funds. Another aspect of migration concerns the internationalisation of production and its contribution to the diversification of the productive structure of the EU and its member states. Further, migration may also contribute to the growth of the informal economy, an aspect of concern in member states with large shares of the informal sector in GDP. Yet another question to be resolved is the role of migration in the flow of trade in goods and services within an enlarged Europe and between the EU (25) and the rest of the world. The distinction between migration and trade in services (mode 4) is important for judging the impact on the labour market, as the regulatory mechanisms differ. The paper addresses all the above issues. As with employment, education and social policies, a common understanding about the impact of various possible routes of migration policies on the societies of the member states has to be obtained before entering a process of policy coordination towards eventual convergence. The paper focuses on ways in which different policies on various categories of migration - labour migration, family reunification, refugee and asylum-seeker intake - and the free movement of service providers can differentially impact the EU economy, calling for a complex mix of policy interventions to address the various socio-economic challenges emanating from them." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))Wanderungspolitik, Einwanderungspolitik, europäische Integration, Wirtschaftsentwicklung, Wirtschaftspolitik, Sozialpolitik, demografischer Wandel, Altersstruktur, Bevölkerungsstruktur, Produktion - Internationalisierung, EU-Binnenmarkt, Gütermarkt, Liberalisierung, Außenhandel, Dienstleistungen, Schattenwirtschaft, Arbeitsmigration, Familiennachzug, Asylpolitik, Flüchtlinge, EU-Osterweiterung, Arbeitsmarkt, Integrationspolitik, Europäische Union

Methorics of the Coagulation Processes. XIV. Simultaneous Coagulation of the Mixed Systems of Silver Halides, Silver Cyanide and Silver Thiocyanate by Monovalent Counter-ions

Tyndallometric investigation of the coagulation of the systems AgCl-AgBr, AgCl-AgI and AgCl-AgCN has shown that the less soluble component precipitates first and completely. If there are Ag-ions in excess of Br, I or CN ions, they will precipitate with Cl-ions present, which will then also stabilize the sol particles formed. In the system AgBr-AgI both components participate in building up the crystal iattice and stabilizing the particles. In the AgCl-AgSCN system the same mechanism can be presumed although not with such certainty

Methorics of the Coagulation Processes. XIV. Simultaneous Coagulation of the Mixed Systems of Silver Halides, Silver Cyanide and Silver Thiocyanate by Monovalent Counter-ions

Tyndallometric investigation of the coagulation of the systems AgCl-AgBr, AgCl-AgI and AgCl-AgCN has shown that the less soluble component precipitates first and completely. If there are Ag-ions in excess of Br, I or CN ions, they will precipitate with Cl-ions present, which will then also stabilize the sol particles formed. In the system AgBr-AgI both components participate in building up the crystal iattice and stabilizing the particles. In the AgCl-AgSCN system the same mechanism can be presumed although not with such certainty

Improving Quality Assurance in Multidisciplinary Engineering Environments with Semantic Technologies

In multidisciplinary engineering (MDE) projects, for example, automation systems or manufacturing systems, stakeholders from various disciplines, for example, electrics, mechanics and software, have to collaborate. In industry practice, engineers apply individual and highly specialized tools with strong limitation regarding defect detection in early engineering phases. Experts typically execute reviews with limited tool support which make engineering projects defective and risky. Semantic Web Technologies (SWTs) can help to bridge the gap between heterogeneous sources as foundation for efficient and effective defect detection. Main questions focus on (a) how to bridge gaps between loosely coupled tools and incompatible data models and (b) how SWTs can help to support efficient and effective defect detection in context of engineering process improvement. This chapter describes success-critical requirements for defect detection in MDE and shows how SWTs can provide the foundation for early and efficient defect detection with an adapted review approach. The proposed defect detection framework (DDF) suggests different levels of SWT contributions as a roadmap for engineering process improvement. Two selected industry-related real-life cases show different levels of SWT involvement. Although SWTs have been successfully applied in real-life use cases, SWT applications can be risky if applied without good understanding of success factors and limitations

Beschäftigungspolitik in Österreich vor dem Hintergrund einer Europäischen Beschäftigungspolitik

'Die Einbindung Österreichs in die EU hat eine Verringerung des Entscheidungsspielraums in der Beschäftigungspolitik zur Folge. Die Beschäftigungspolitik muss einem vorgegebenen Muster folgen, in das die traditionellen ebenso wie die innovativen politischen Maßnahmen eingebunden werden. Das bedeutet, dass eine Förderstruktur importiert wild, die mit der österreichischen nicht kongruent ist. Um diese Diskrepanzen abzubauen, liegt ein Schwerpunkt des Nationalen Aktionsplans (NAP) in der Anpassung der österreichischen institutionellen Rahmenbedingungen an EU-Strukturen. Der NAP sieht keine substanzielle Ausweitung der Budgetausgaben zur Förderung der Beschäftigung vor: Der Schwerpunkt der zusätzlichen Ausgaben liegt in der aktiven Arbeitsmarktpolitik, die vom Arbeitsmarktservice (AMS) umgesetzt wird.' (Autorenreferat)'EU-membership implies a significant reduction in the discretionary power of Austria to develop her own employment policies. The EU has drawn up a framework, within which the member states have to operate. Austria has tried to adapt her former employment policy mix to the new requirements. The main thrust of employment policy has always been medium term rather than short term and focused on the preservation of competitiveness of Austria as a production site. As a result, the national action plan of Austria (NAP) has a very wide span, which includes measures to foster export performance, the adaptability of labour supply and labour demand as well as an improvement of public infrastructure. The additional expenditure envisaged in the various policy measures is, however, rather limited such that no major boost to employment growth can be expected. The main thrust of additional expenditure, documented in the implementation reports of the NAP, is in traditional and innovative active labour market policies. It is also in this field, in which equal opportunities are an integral part of policy orientation. Gender-gaps are attended to above all through the provision of child care facilities and investment in education and training.' (author's abstract

Neutron capture-induced silicon nuclear recoils for dark matter and CEν\nuNS

Following neutron capture in a material there will be prompt nuclear recoils in addition to the gamma cascade. The nuclear recoils that are left behind in materials are generally below 1\,keV and therefore in the range of interest for dark matter experiments and CE$\nu$NS studies--both as backgrounds and calibration opportunities. Here we obtain the spectrum of prompt nuclear recoils following neutron capture for silicon.Comment: 8 pages, 9 figures, 1 tabl