The custom making of hierarchical micro/nanoscaled titanium phosphate coatings and their formation mechanism analysis

In this study, a series of hierarchical micro/nanoscaled titanium phosphate (TiP) coatings possessing various surface morphologies were successfully fabricated on titanium (Ti) discs.</p

The improved cure fraction for esophageal cancer in Linzhou city

Abstract Background Survival of esophageal cancer in Linzhou was seen to increase over the past few decades and is higher than the average level of China due to the implementation of comprehensive prevention and control measures. In population-based studies, relative survival is a common index to approximate disease-specific survival. However, the cure fraction maybe great interest to patients and physicians. This study aimed to investigate the cure fraction of esophageal cancer in Linzou city during 2003–2012 with a cure model. Methods We carried out a population-based study of 8067 esophageal cancer patients in the Linzhou city during 2003–2012. Flexible parametric cure models were used to estimate cure proportions and median survival times of uncured by year of diagnosed and age. In each model, an interaction between calendar year and age were included. All variables in the model were included both as constant and time-varying effects. Results The 5-year relative survival rate was increased in every age group from 2003 to 2012. The huge increase in the cure proportion was observed in each age group. At the year of 2011–2012, 79.8%, 58.0%, 123.4% and 162.7% improvements of cure proportion were seen in age group 19–49, 50–59, 60–69 and 70–99 years compared with year of 2003–2004. Meanwhile, survival of ‘uncured’ patients changed little in all age group. Conclusions The improvement of survival in Linzhou city during 2003–2012 was mainly due to an increasing cure proportion. Huge improvement of cure fraction within short period is likely due to the organized screening of esophageal cancer in Linzhou city

Ti–Mo–Zr alloys for bone repair: mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, and biological performance

Titanium (Ti) alloys have been widely used as bone implants, but challenges such as the stress shielding effect still compromise long-term clinical successes. To improve the mechanical properties of Ti, non-toxic alloying elements zirconium (Zr) and molybdenum (Mo) were added either alone or in combination to produce Ti–Mo–Zr alloys. The influence of Zr or Mo addition on the alloy properties, such as the microstructure and the corrosion resistance, were investigated. The cytocompatibility and osteointegration of prepared alloys were evaluated to determine the potential for bone repair. The results showed that Ti–10Zr displayed an acicular α′ phase, while Ti–12Mo and Ti–12Mo–10Zr comprised a metastable β phase. Due to the solid solution and phase precipitation strengthening effect of Zr and Mo elements, the prepared alloys showed higher microhardness and compressive yield strength when compared with commercially pure Ti (CP–Ti). Ti–12Mo–10Zr possessed the lowest Young's modulus, while CP-Ti and Ti–10Zr showed a comparable Young's modulus. The corrosion resistance was in the order of Ti–12Mo–10Zr > Ti–12Mo > CP-Ti > Ti–10Zr. Notably, all alloys showed good cytocompatibility and osteointegration, which were similar to those of CP-Ti. Taken together, due to excellent material and biological performance, Ti–12Mo–10Zr presents a promising material for bone repair