Ovarian hyper stimulation syndrome: a case report

We present here a rare case ovarian hyper stimulation syndrome. In the case patient came with complain of abdominal pain, distension, nausea, vomiting with known case of secondary infertility

An unusual case of constriction ring dystocia

We present here an unusual case of constriction ring dystocia. In the case during intra-partum abdominal contour look like Bandl’s retraction ring but on cesarean section identified the constriction ring of uterine myometrium strangling the fetal forehead and face

Spontaneous symphysiotomy: rare case review

We present here a rare case of spontaneous symphysiotomy. In the case patient came with post-partum hemorrhage with severe pain in groin region, on clinical and pelvic examination there was a gap in pelvic syphysis which further confirmed by pelvic X-ray

Seroprevalence of HIV in ANC clinic attendees and utilization of PPTCT services at a tertiary care hospital of western Rajasthan, India

Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in pregnant women has an important role in its spread to paediatric population by means of vertical transmission. Effective utilization of PPTCT services can reduce this spread. This study aims to determine seroprevalence of HIV in antenatal women, demographic factors of seropositive women and utilization of PPTCT services to minimize the risk of mother to child transmission.Methods: A retrospective study was done among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic of a tertiary care hospital within a period of two years from November 2013 to October 2015. Pre-test counselling, HIV testing, and post-test counselling were done as per NACO guidelines. Antiretroviral prophylaxis was given to seropositive women and their children. Analysis of demographic data of seropositive women and assessment of utilization of PPTCT services was done.Results: Out of 40,913 new antenatal registrations 26,803 (65.58%) women attended pre test counselling and 24716(60.41%) of them accepted HIV testing. Thirty-eight women were found to be seropositive with a seroprevalence rate of 0.16%. Majority of seropositve women were young primigravida, illiterate housewives belonging to rural area. Eight out of 33 partners of seropositive women tested, were found to be seronegative. Out of the 38 seropositive women, 4(10.52%) opted for pregnancy termination, and 31(81.57%) had delivery in our institution. All mother and baby pairs received antiretroviral prophylaxis.Conclusions: Seroprevalence of HIV infection in antenatal women is relatively low in this region than the national average and acceptance of therapeutic interventions to reduce the mother to child transmission is high. There is scope to improve acceptance of counselling and testing of HIV

A Hospital Based Prospective Study to Assess the Correlation of First Trimester Pregnancy Outcome Using Yolk Sac Measurements and Embryonic Heart Rate at Newly Established Tertiary Care Centre

Background: Ultrasound is the primary imaging modality in obstetrics over the last three decades. The advent of high-resolution transvaginal ultrasound (TVS) has revolutionized our understanding of the pathophysiology and the management of early pregnancy failure. This prospective correlation study is conducted to assess the correlation of first trimester pregnancy outcome using yolk sac measurements and embryonic heart rate. Materials & Methods: This is a prospective study done on 80 women attending routine antenatal check up in the out-patient department of gynecology were subjected to scan at Government Medical College, Pali, Rajasthan, India. A thorough general, physical, systematic and obstetric examination was carried out. After obtaining informed consent the women between 6-12 weeks of gestation were subjected to transvaginal ultrasound (using linear array real time B scan with 7.5 MHz transducer). The chi-square test and student paired t test were used for qualitative data. A P value of <.05 indicated statistical significance. Data were analyzed using SPSS (v 22.0; IBM).Results: Our study showed that age at the time of pregnancy and first Sonogram correlates with the first trimester pregnancy outcome. Mean age was 23.38 years with minimum 16 years and maximum of 36 years. There was a linear correlation (p=0.026*) between the age at time of pregnancy and miscarriage. The Yolk sac size varied between 2.5 to 7.0 with a mean of 4.725 mm. The Yolk sac size has significant correlation with the first trimester pregnancy outcome. (T-test p=0.001**). The heart rate of the fetus ranged between 100 and 180, with a mean of 153.86. The heart rate of the fetus predicted the first trimester pregnancy outcome significantly (T-test p=0.035*). The area under the curve was 0.708. Yolk sac (mm) has at least one tie between the positive actual state group and the negative actual state group. Statistics may be biased. Conclusion: We concluded that the yolk sac size and the embryonic heart rate is a reliable, cost effective and beneficial in predicting first trimester pregnancy outcome especially in patients who conceive following IVF