Conversion of neutron stars to strange stars as the central engine of gamma-ray bursts

We study the conversion of a neutron star to a strange star as a possible energy source for gamma-ray bursts. We use different recent models for the equation of state of neutron star matter and strange quark matter. We show that the total amount of energy liberated in the conversion is in the range of (1-4) 10^{53} ergs (one order of magnitude larger than previous estimates) and is in agreement with the energy required to power gamma-ray burst sources at cosmological distances.Comment: ApJ, 530, 2000 February 20, Lxxx (in press

No ν\nu floors: Effective field theory treatment of the neutrino background in direct dark matter detection experiments

Distinguishing a dark matter interaction from an astrophysical neutrino-induced interaction will be major challenge for future direct dark matter searches. In this paper, we consider this issue within non-relativistic Effective Field Theory (EFT), which provides a well-motivated theoretical framework for determining nuclear responses to dark matter scattering events. We analyze the nuclear energy recoil spectra from the different dark matter-nucleon EFT operators, and compare to the nuclear recoil energy spectra that is predicted to be induced by astrophysical neutrino sources. We determine that for 11 of the 14 possible operators, the dark matter-induced recoil spectra can be cleanly distinguished from the corresponding neutrino-induced recoil spectra with moderate size detector technologies that are now being pursued, e.g., these operators would require 0.5 tonne years to be distinguished from the neutrino background for low mass dark matter. Our results imply that in most models detectors with good energy resolution will be able to distinguish a dark matter signal from a neutrino signal, without the need for much larger detectors that must rely on additional information from timing or direction

Seismic Behavior Of Strong Concrete Buildings Within Variable Repeating Materials

The earthquake is the result of a sudden earthquake of energy that causes seismic waves. Earthquakes and seismic contraction have major implications. It has social and economic consequences such as death and injury to living beings, especially at the expense of humans and the built and natural environment. It is important to understand the characteristics of the Earth's movement, and to be careful when losing lives due to the movement of the Earth and damage to structures. The most important dynamic features of an earthquake are Earth's Peak Acceleration (PGA), frequency and duration content. These features play a major role in studying the behavior of structures under earthquake. The force of the Earth's movement is measured on the basis of the PGA, the frequency content and the duration it moves. Ground motion has different frequency content such as low, medium and high. It presents the task of studying the Earth's frequency of motion on the proposed concrete (RC) buildings. The linear date of time is analyzed in the Structured Design and Analysis Program (STAD Pro). The proposed method is to study the response of low-, medium-, and high-frequency concrete buildings to the ground hoax of low-, medium-, and high-frequency materials. Two regular and irregular 3D and two-storey 3D RC buildings with six ground motions of low, medium, high frequency and peak ground acceleration (PGA)

Financial and Real Sector Linkages: Evidence from India

Financial and real sector linkages have been the subject of interest among economists since the global financial crisis. This paper investigates the cointegrating relationship and the causality between the financial and real sector in India for the period 1982 to 2015 using time series annual data. The financial sector is proxied by liquid liabilities, domestic credit given by financial sector and market capitalisation as percentages of GDP. The real sector is proxied by real GDP with net capital formation and real interest rate used as control variables. The Augmented Dickey Fuller and Phillips Perron tests show that all variables are stationary at first differences. The Johansen cointegration test reports cointegrating relations between financial and real sector when domestic credit given by financial sector and liquid liabilities as percentages of GDP represent the financial sector. However, the error correction model gives the speed of adjustment between the financial and real sector only when domestic credit as a percentage of GDP is used as an indicator of financial sector. The Granger test reveals that there is a unidirectional causality from real to financial sector when domestic credit and liquid liabilities as percentages of GDP represent the financial sector. We find evidence of a demand following hypothesis or growth driven finance hypothesis. These results have significant inferences for economists and policy makers.JEL classification: G00, E00, E44, C5

Lepton Flavor Violation at the Large Hadron Collider

We investigate a potential of discovering lepton flavor violation (LFV) at the Large Hadron Collider. A sizeable LFV in low energy supersymmetry can be induced by massive right-handed neutrinos, which can explain neutrino oscillations via the seesaw mechanism. We investigate a scenario where the distribution of an invariant mass of two hadronically decaying taus (\tauh\tauh) from \schizero{2} decays is the same in events with or without LFV. We first develop a transfer function using this ditau mass distribution to model the shape of the non-LFV \tauh\mu invariant mass. We then show the feasibility of extracting the LFV \tauh\mu signal. The proposed technique can also be applied for a LFV \tauh e search.Comment: 8 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publiucation in PR