Effect of lipase from different source on high fat content wastewater of dairy industry

244-250Wastewaters of dairy industry usually present high fat contents. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of different sources of lipase such as lipase contains raw milk, crude lipase from groundnuts extract, fat degrading microorganism from up flow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor (UASBR) culture in nutrient broth and lipase producing microorganism from UASBR culture in a selective media inoculated in holding tank dairy wastewater. Pretreatment of 250 ml dairy wastewater with 10 ml lipase contain sample was optimized under anaerobic condition for 72 hrs at 37ºC. Analytical parameters pH, fat content (FC), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total solids (TS) were analysed in each treatment process. The results showed that pH of the samples were maintained, the UASBR culture inoculated in selective media degraded the maximum amount of fat; similarly maximum amount of COD and TS were reduced in the selective media treated sample as compared to others treatment process. This study illustrated that application of an enzymatic pretreatment process to hydrolyze and dissolve fats may improve the biological degradation of high fat content in wastewaters. Moreover, pretreatment of wastewater from different lipase sources are new and promising application for lipases. Thus, it is apparent that use of this enzymatic biological treatment can serve an alternative for treatment of Soybean casein digest Soybean casein digest Soybean casein digest Soybean casein digest fat containing wastewater and to provide pollution free environment

Greywater characterization of an Indian household and potential treatment for reuse

Inadequate water supplies recall the environmental values of recovery and reuse of limited resources. One of the exciting opportunities in these circumstances is Grey water. Wastewater generated from household activities like bathing, kitchen sinks, washbasins, and laundry is classified as greywater. Inventing a pilot-scale greywater treatment system that treats in-house generated greywater and makes it reusable by assisting the untapped potential of physical methods of greywater purification was the main aim of this study. The study results from greywater samples' characterization from various sources in an Indian middle-class single household with four residents for six months. Moreover, the designing and analyzing of a treatment system applied to treat this in-house generated greywater was conducted. A filtration system with different filter layers was designed. It was found to have a chemical oxygen demand removal efficiency of 85.98%, biochemical oxygen demand removal efficiency of 86.28%, and total suspended solids removal efficiency of 94.44%. The filter system designed in this study describes improved removal efficiency in all respects and gives an idea of the reusability of in-house treated greywater. The study concludes that greywater can be recycled and reused for toilet flushing, gardening, car washing, and firefighting. This practice can also lead to a significant reduction in the consumption of freshwater