The Effect of Prevention For Peer Bullying in Secondary School

DergiPark: 481899tmsjAims: Peer bullying is a frequent problem among adolescents. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of complementary prevention for peer bullying in 11-14-year-old adolescents with family, teacher, student collaboration and to assess the effect of peer bullying on the quality of life. Methods: Seven hundred sixty students registered in school between ages 11-14, and who accepted to participate in the study were included in our investigation. Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire and Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory were used as data collection tools in the study. After the pre-test, school teachers and two selected students from each class; a total of 48 students were trained in peer bullying in small group. Interactive awareness activities were organized for the students at the school with all trained students and teachers to raise awareness of peer bullying. Afterwards, information brochures were distributed to the children and parents. 3 weeks after the training post-test was applied. The statistical evaluation of the study was carried out by using Chi-square and Student’s t-tests. Results: The questions about bullying and victimization were analyzed. In the study, the rate of victim students reduced from 43.2% to 30.4%; the rate of bully students reduced from 23.4% to 21.7%. There was a significant reduction in the rate of people involved in peer bullying. Nevertheless, Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory assessment of health-related quality of life in our group showed that the quality of life of students who were not involved in peer bullying was significantly higher. After our training, quality of life significantly increased in students who were not involved in bullying, compared to the ones who are involved in bullying. Conclusion: In our study group, it was observed that the quality of life of students who were not involved in peer bullying was significantly higher. The number of people involved in peer bullying decreased significantly. The low number of invalid surveys revealed that our research was successful in attracting the attention of the target group

Health inequities: lower socio-economic conditions and higher incidences of intestinal parasites

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Intestinal parasitic infections affect child health and development and slow down growth, while reducing adults' productivity and work capacity. The aim of the present study was to determine and compare the incidences of intestinal parasitic infections and the socio-economic status of two near primary school children in Manisa, a western city of Turkey.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>A total of 352 children were involved a questionnaire study from a private school (Ülkem Primary School – ÜPS, 116 children) and a community-based school (Şehzadeler Primary School – ŞPS, 236 children). Of these, stool samples could be obtained from a total of 294 students; 97 (83.6%) from ÜPS, and 197 (83.5%) from ŞPS. The wet mount preparations of the stool samples were examined; samples were also fixed in polyvinyl alcohol and examined with modified formalin ethyl acetate sedimentation and trichrome staining techniques. Data were analyzed using SPSS for Windows version 10.0. The chi-squared test was used for the analytic assessment.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The percentages of the students found to be infected with intestinal parasites, were 78 (39.6%) and 13 (13.4%) in ŞPS and ÜPS, respectively. Totally 91 (31.0%) of the students from both schools were found to be infected with at least one intestinal parasite. <it>Giardia lamblia </it>was found to be the most common pathogenic intestinal parasite and <it>Blastocystis hominis </it>was prevalent independently from the hygienic conditions. The factors which significantly (<it>p </it>< 0.05) increase the incidence of intestinal parasites were uneducated and unemployed mother, lower social status of father, living in crowded houses with insufficient indoor spaces, using the tap water as drinking water, and living at shanty areas.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Intestinal parasitic infections in school children were found to be a public health problem that increased due to lower socio-economic conditions. We conclude that organization of education seminars including the topics such as prevention of the infectious diseases, improving general hygienic conditions, and application of supportive programs for the parents may be suggested not only to reduce intestinal parasitic infections, but also to elevate the socio-cultural levels.</p

Alcohol drinking prevalance and related factors among school aged children in Manisa

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı okul çağı çocuklarda alkol kullanım sıklığını ve ilişkili faktörleri saptamaktır. Yöntem: Kesitsel çalışma Mart 2004’de yürütülmüştür. Çalışma Manisa Merkez İlçedeki ilköğretim 5. ve 7. sınıf, liselerin hazırlık ve 1. sınıflarının öğrenci listelerinden tabakalı rastgele örnek seçim yöntemi kullanılarak seçilen 2004 öğrenci üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Veriler, öğrencilerden gözlem altında anket yöntemiyle toplanmıştır. Veriler, SPSS for Windows 10.0 istatistik paket programında değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Okul çağı çocuklar arasında yaşam boyunca en az bir kez alkolü denediklerini belirtenlerin oranı %11.0’dır. Öğrencilerin alkol deneme yaşları 11,66+2,76’dır. Araştırma sırasında alkolü daha önce deneyenlerin %68.3’ü halen alkol kullandıklarını belirttiler. Erkek cinsiyet, ileri yaş, ailenin gelir durumu, sigara deneme, arkadaş grubunda sigara ve alkol kullanımı alkol denemeyi etkileyen faktörler olarak bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Manisa’da okul çağı çocuklarda alkol denemenin yaşla ve arkadaş grubunda alkol deneme sıklığıyla belirgin olarak arttığı bulunmuştur. Alkol kullanımını önlemeye yönelik programlarda öncelikle bu faktörlerin üzerinde durulması gerekir.Purpose: The aim of the study is to determine the prevalence of alcohol use and related risk factors among school aged children. Method: This cross-sectional study was carried out during March 2004. Minimum sample size was calculated as 1922 and 2004 children were enrolled. Stratified random sampling method was used. This sampling method was applied to grade 9 in high schools and grades 5 and 7 in primary schools of Manisa City Center. Data were collected self reported under inspection in classes by using the modified Turkish version of 'Health Behaviour in School Age Children (HBSC) 2001/2002' survey questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS for Windows 10.0. Results: The prevalance of alcohol use at least once in life time was 11.0% among school aged childeren. Usage of alcohol experience age was 11.66+ 2,76 in students. 68.3% of students whose were experienced usage of alcohol, were experessed that they were still using of alcohol. The significant factors in experince of using alcohol were insufficiency in family income, advanced age, being male, experience of smoking and alcohol using/smoking in friends. Conclusion: The experience of using alcohol in school aged childeren were increased significantly with advanced aged and frequency of experience of smoking/alcohol using in friends. These factors should be taken in account in intervention programmes in alcohol using

Smoking prevalence among Celal Bayar University Faculty of Medicine

Amaç: Bu kesitsel araştırmada Celal Bayar Tıp Fakültesi öğrencilerinde sigara içme sıklığının saptanması amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve yöntem: 2006-2007 öğrenim yılında fakültedeki toplam 429 öğrenciden araştırmaya katılmayı kabul eden 370?ine (%86.2) gözlem altında anket uygulanmıştır. Veri analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler ve ki-kare testi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Yüz doksan dördü (%52.4) erkek olan öğrencilerin yaş ortalaması 20.62±1.83 yıldı. Öğrencilerin 45?i (%12.2) her gün, 6?sı (%1.6) bazen sigara içiyordu. Sigara içme yaygınlığı erkek öğrencilerde, kız öğrencilerden belirgin derecede yüksekti (erkek: %21.1, kız: %5.7) (p<0.001). Sınıflar arasında sigara içme alışkanlığı açısından anlamlı farklılık saptandı (p<0.001). En sık sigaraya başlama nedeni arkadaşlardı (%56.8). Halen sigara içen öğrencilerden 20?si (%39.2) sigarayı bırakmak istemekte, 10?u (%19.6) istememekte, 21?i (%41.2) ise kararsızdı. Sigara içen öğrencilerden 40?ı (%78.4) sigarayı bırakmayı denemiş olduğunu belirtti. Sonuç: Sigara içme oranının yüksek olduğu tıp fakültesi öğrencilerinin sigara konusunda daha fazla bilinçlendirilmesi gerektiği söylenebilir.Aim: In this cross-sectional study our aim was to determine the smoking prevalence in the students of Celal Bayar University Faculty of Medicine. Material and methods: In the term of 2006-2007 there were 429 students in the faculty of medicine, we applied questionnaires under supervision to 370 students (86.2%) who accepted to participate in the study. For statistical analysis, descriptive statistics and chi-square test was used. Results: The mean age of students was 20.62&plusmn;1.83 years, 194 were male (52.4%). Forty five of the students (12.2%) were smoking regularly while 6 of them (1.6%) were occasional-smokers. The smoking prevalence was higher in males than females (male: 21.1%; female 5.7%; p&lt;0.001). The difference among classes was significant (p&lt;0.001). The main reason for beginning smoking was friends (56.8%). Of the students who have been smoking currently, 20 students (39.2%) wanted to quit smoking, 10 (19.6%) did not and 21 (41.2%) were undecided. Forty of the current smokers (78.4%) had tried to quit smoking previously. Conclusion: It is concluded that medical students with high smoking prevelance should be educated more intensively about tobacco

The evaluation of influencing factors of "quality of life" in the elderly in Muradiye district, Manisa

Giriş: Bu çalışma Manisa Muradiye' de yaşayan 65 ve üzerindeki kişilerin yaşam kalitesi bileşenleri ve bu bileşenleri etkileyen değişkenleri ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Yöntem ve Gereç: Muradiye'de yaşayan 65 yaş ve üstü toplam 613 kişiyi temsil eden 200 yaşlıda çalışılmıştır. Yaşlıların yaşam kalitesi Dünya Sağlık Örgütü tarafından geliştirilen ve 6 alandan oluşan WHOQOL-OLD ölçeği ile değerlendirilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde student t testi ve lojistik regresyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Katılımcıların yaş ortalamaları 71.21+5.01'dir. Grubun %63.5'i evli, %43.7'si eğitimsiz olup, %70.0'i en az bir kronik hastalığı olduğunu, %84.0'ü evde aile desteği ile yaşadığını ve %16.0'sı herhangi bir sağlık güvencesi olmadığını belirtmiştir. WHOQOL- OLD alanları ortalama değerleri: “Duyusal yetiler” 11.15±2.32; “Özerklik” 12.72±2.52; “Geçmiş, bugün ve geleceğe ait aktiviteleri” 12.39±2.33; “Sosyal katılım” 11.52 ±2.59; “Ölüm ve ölmek” 10.84 ±3.33 ve “Yakınlık” 14.37±2.00 ve Toplam skor 3.04±0.32 olarak bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Çok değişkenli analizlerde yaşam kalitesini en çok etkileyen değişkenlerin günlük işlerini yaparken başkasına ihtiyaç duyma ve eğitim düzeyi olduğu bulunmuştur.Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine the components of quality of life and the variables which influence these components in the people 65 and over living in Muradiye district, Manisa. Materials and Method: A representative sample of 200 older adults among the total population of 613 inhabitants over 65 were studied in Muradiye district, Manisa. The quality of life was evaluated by using World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL-OLD) that has six domain structure. Student's t test and logistic regression analysis were performed in data analysis. Results: The mean age of the respondents were 71.21&plusmn;5.01, 63.5% were married, 43.7 % were illiterate, 70.0% reported any chronic illness, 84.0% were living under support of family and 16.6% have no health insurance. The mean values of the domain scores of the WHOQOL-OLD were as follows: Sensory-Abilities 11.15&plusmn;2.32; Autonomy 12.72&plusmn;2.52; Past-Present-and-Future-Activities 12.39&plusmn;2.33; Social-Participation 11.52&plusmn;2.59; Death-and-Dying 10.84&plusmn;3.33 and Intimacy 14.37&plusmn;2.00. The mean values for the total module score were 3.04&plusmn;0.32. Conclusion: Multivariate analysis showed that the most effective variables on quality of life of elderly were education level and need of support during daily activities

The evaluation of influencing factors of "quality of life" in the elderly in Muradiye district, Manisa

Giriş: Bu çalışma Manisa Muradiye' de yaşayan 65 ve üzerindeki kişilerin yaşam kalitesi bileşenleri ve bu bileşenleri etkileyen değişkenleri ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Yöntem ve Gereç: Muradiye'de yaşayan 65 yaş ve üstü toplam 613 kişiyi temsil eden 200 yaşlıda çalışılmıştır. Yaşlıların yaşam kalitesi Dünya Sağlık Örgütü tarafından geliştirilen ve 6 alandan oluşan WHOQOL-OLD ölçeği ile değerlendirilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde student t testi ve lojistik regresyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Katılımcıların yaş ortalamaları 71.21+5.01'dir. Grubun %63.5'i evli, %43.7'si eğitimsiz olup, %70.0'i en az bir kronik hastalığı olduğunu, %84.0'ü evde aile desteği ile yaşadığını ve %16.0'sı herhangi bir sağlık güvencesi olmadığını belirtmiştir. WHOQOL- OLD alanları ortalama değerleri: “Duyusal yetiler” 11.15±2.32; “Özerklik” 12.72±2.52; “Geçmiş, bugün ve geleceğe ait aktiviteleri” 12.39±2.33; “Sosyal katılım” 11.52 ±2.59; “Ölüm ve ölmek” 10.84 ±3.33 ve “Yakınlık” 14.37±2.00 ve Toplam skor 3.04±0.32 olarak bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Çok değişkenli analizlerde yaşam kalitesini en çok etkileyen değişkenlerin günlük işlerini yaparken başkasına ihtiyaç duyma ve eğitim düzeyi olduğu bulunmuştur.Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine the components of quality of life and the variables which influence these components in the people 65 and over living in Muradiye district, Manisa. Materials and Method: A representative sample of 200 older adults among the total population of 613 inhabitants over 65 were studied in Muradiye district, Manisa. The quality of life was evaluated by using World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL-OLD) that has six domain structure. Student's t test and logistic regression analysis were performed in data analysis. Results: The mean age of the respondents were 71.21&plusmn;5.01, 63.5% were married, 43.7 % were illiterate, 70.0% reported any chronic illness, 84.0% were living under support of family and 16.6% have no health insurance. The mean values of the domain scores of the WHOQOL-OLD were as follows: Sensory-Abilities 11.15&plusmn;2.32; Autonomy 12.72&plusmn;2.52; Past-Present-and-Future-Activities 12.39&plusmn;2.33; Social-Participation 11.52&plusmn;2.59; Death-and-Dying 10.84&plusmn;3.33 and Intimacy 14.37&plusmn;2.00. The mean values for the total module score were 3.04&plusmn;0.32. Conclusion: Multivariate analysis showed that the most effective variables on quality of life of elderly were education level and need of support during daily activities

Determination of passive smoke exposure in primary school children in a rural area in Manisa

Amaç: Sigara dumanına maruz kalma çocuklarda önemli bir halk sağlığı sorunudur. Bu çalışmada ilkokul 3-5. sınıf öğrencilerinde pasif sigara içicilik maruziyetlerini belirlemek amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Kesitsel tipteki çalışma Aralık 2006'da yürütülmüştür. Çalışmaya toplam 305 öğrenci ve 277 ebeveyn katıldı. Araştırmanın verileri ilkokul çocukları ve ebeveynlere uygulanan standart bir anket formu aracılığıyla toplandı. Ebeveynler, sigara içme davranışları, ev koşulları ve çocuklarının solunum yolu hastalıklarıyla ilgili durumlarını içeren bir anket formunu yanıtladılar. Verilerin analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler, ki-kare testi ve kappa analizi kullanıldı. Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılanlara göre çocukların %68.0'in evinde sigara içen ev halkı üyesi olduğu ve %58.3'ünün sigaraya maruz kaldıkları görülmüştür. Sigaraya maruz kalmakla solunum yolu hastalıkları arasında bir ilişki bulunamamıştır. Sonuç: Araştırmanın sonuçları, çalışmanın yapıldığı çocuklarda pasif sigara maruziyetinin yaygın bir sorun olduğunu göstermektedir. Evde sigara dumanına maruz kalmak çocuklarda önemli bir sağlık sorunu olmaya devam etmektedir.Objective: Exposure of children to tobacco smoke (ETS) is an important public health problem. The goal of this study was to determine the self-reported passive smoke exposure status of primary school students in grades 3 to 5. Material and Method: This cross-sectional study was carried out during December 2006. A total of 305 school children and a total of 277 parents were included in the study. The study was conducted on primary school students and their parents using a standard questionnaire. Parents were asked to complete a questionnaire about their smoking habits, their children's respiratory morbidity status and housing conditions. Descriptive statistics, chi-square and kappa analysis were used in data analysis. Results: According to the responses, 68.0% of the children came from households with smokers, and 58.3% had daily exposure to tobacco smoke. No relation was detected between the symptoms of respiratory tract diseases and ETS exposure. Conclusion: Study findings demonstrate the importance of ETS as a leading health issue in children. Exposure to tobacco smoke (ETS) in the home continues to be a major health risk for children

The risk of cardiovascular disease in the Males 45 years and older living in Rural area in Manisa

Bu araştırma Manisa Muradiye bölgesi Atatürk Mahallesinde yaşayan 45 yaş ve üzerindeki erkeklerin kardiovasküler hastalık (KVH) riskini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Kesitsel tipteki araştırmada Atatürk Mahallesinde yaşayan 45 yaş ve üzeri erkeklerin tamamı araştırma kapsamına alınmış ve 203 kişi araştırma evrenini oluşturmuş, bunlardan 193’üne (katılım hızı %95.1) ulaşılmıştır. Araştırma grubuna demografik, sosyoekonomik ve KVH’nın risk faktörlerine ilişkin soruları içeren anket formu uygulanmıştır. KVH risk durumları TEKHARF puanlama sistemine göre yapılmıştır. Veri analizinde tek değişkenli ve çok değişkenli riskler %95 güven aralığında hesaplanmıştır. Araştırmamıza katılanların yaş ortalaması 60.1±11.5 dır. Araştırmaya katılanlarda; hipertansiyon %48.7, diabetes mellitus %6.7, abdominal obezite %33.2, sigara içme %63.2, alkol kullanma %33.7, spor yapma %39.4 olarak saptanmıştır. KVH risk faktörleri skorlama cetveline göre katılımcıların % 22.3’ü düşük, % 34.7’si orta, ve %43.0’ı ise yüksek risk grubunda yer almaktadır. Muradiye bölgesinde yaşayan 45 yaş üzeri erkeklerde kardiovasküler hastalık riskinin yüksek olduğu bulundu. Çok değişkenli analizlerde kardiovasküler hastalık riskini en çok etkileyen değişkenlerin alkol kullanma, sedanter olma ve çalışıyor olmak olduğu bulunmuştur.This study was carried out with the aim of identifying the risk of cardiovascular disease (CHD) in male population 45 years and older living in Atat&uuml;rk district in Muradiye area, Manisa. All of the over 45 years males living in Atat&uuml;rk district (n=203) was the target population without any sampling. 193 of them were reached with a coverage rate of 95.1%. A questionnaire including sociodemographic and economic factors together with CHD risk factors was applied to the study group. CHD risk scaling was done by means of TEKHARF Scaling Methods. Univariete and multivariete risk approach in 95% confidance ınterval were perform in data analysis. The mean age of the respondents was 60.1&plusmn;11.5. The prevalence of hypertension was 48.7%, diabetes mellitus was 6.7%, abdominal obesity was 33.2%. The prevalence of smoking was 63.2%, alcohol consumption was 33.7% and regular exercise was only 39.4 %. According to the CHD risk score, 22.3% of the respondents had low risk, 34.7 % had moderate and 43.0 % had high risk. The risk of CHD was quite high in men 45 years and older living in Muradiye area. Multivariate analysis showed that the most effective variables on cardiovascular disease risk were alcohol consumption, sedantary life style and working status