The art of reflection: Towards meaningful deliberation of synthetic biology

Broerse, J.E.W. [Promotor]Kupper, J.F.H. [Copromotor

Interactive learning and action: realizing the promise of synthetic biology for global health

The emerging field of synthetic biology has the potential to improve global health. For example, synthetic biology could contribute to efforts at vaccine development in a context in which vaccines and immunization have been identified by the international community as being crucial to international development efforts and, in particular, the millennium development goals. However, past experience with innovations shows that realizing a technology's potential can be difficult and complex. To achieve better societal embedding of synthetic biology and to make sure it reaches its potential, science and technology development should be made more inclusive and interactive. Responsible research and innovation is based on the premise that a broad range of stakeholders with different views, needs and ideas should have a voice in the technological development and deployment process. The interactive learning and action (ILA) approach has been developed as a methodology to bring societal stakeholders into a science and technology development process. This paper proposes an ILA in five phases for an international effort, with national case studies, to develop socially robust applications of synthetic biology for global health, based on the example of vaccine development. The design is based on results of a recently initiated ILA project on synthetic biology; results from other interactive initiatives described in the literature; and examples of possible applications of synthetic biology for global health that are currently being developed. © 2013 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

IMPLEMENTASI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM SOLVING BERBASIS EKSPERIMEN PADA KONSEP LARUTAN ELEKTROLIT DAN NONELEKTROLIT

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh gambaran mengenai kemampuan siswa dalam memecahkan masalah yang tertuang dalam lembar kerja siswa (LKS) selama mengikuti kegiatan pembelajaran dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran <em>problem solving </em>berbasis eksperimen pada konsep larutan elektolit dan nonelektrolit. Subyek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X di SMA Negeri 89 Jakarta tahun ajaran 2012/2013. Metode penelitian yang diterapkan adalah deskriptif. Perolehan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan instrumen lembar kerja siswa (LKS) untuk kemampuan memecahkan masalah. Analisis data untuk kemampuan memecahkan masalah yang tertuang dalam lembar kerja siswa (LKS) dengan nilai persentase. Kemampuan siswa dalam memecahkan masalah yang tertuang dalam lembar kerja siswa (LKS) yaitu kemampuan siswa dalam mengemukakan hipotesis, menentukan judul eksperimen, menentukan tujuan eksperimen, membuat prosedur kerja eksperimen, mencatat data pengamatan, membuat kesimpulan, membuat abstraksi, dan menyelesaikan tugas konsolidasi. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan siswa dalam memecahkan masalah dikategorikan sebagai baik dan sangat baik