Aluminium: Food-related health risk assessment of the consumers

Aluminum is the most abundant metal in the lithosphere, constituting 8 % of the earth's crust. Aluminum enters the food from the various objects of environment such as water, food contact materials (packaging materials, cooking vessels), aluminum-containing food additives. In raw food products the content of aluminum is less than 5.7 mg/kg of the product. Normally, aluminum is not practically found in a human body. However, within the last decade various toxic effects of aluminum on human body have been revealed, and they are able to cause the risk of various diseases. The analysis of the available data has demonstrated that the excessive entry of aluminum in human body with food items is associated first of all with the content of aluminum-containing food additives, as well as with the use of materials and products made of aluminum and its alloys intended for contact with food. High level of aluminum consumption has been also detected among children of all ages. At the same time, today, theprovisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI) of aluminum for children is not established. To reduce negative effect of aluminum on human body it is necessary to: * exclude from the list of Annex 2 of the Technical Regulations of the Customs Union "Requirements for Food Additives, Flavorings and Technological Aids” (TR TS 029/2012) the following food additives – potassium aluminum silicate (E555), bentonite (E558), sodium aluminum silicate (E554), potassium aluminum silicate (E555), calcium aluminum silicate (E556), aluminum silicate (kaolin) (E559); * to develop requirements for the aluminum content in food products intended for children nutrition; * to obtain data on aluminum content in food items sold on the domestic market and to assess health risks to consumers

Clinical efficacy of vitamin-mineral complexes in the treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract

Introduction. Chronic diseases of the digestive system lead to impaired absorption, assimilation and metabolism of macro-and micronutrients, primarily vitamins, inhibition of microflora, producing a number of vitamins, which requires correction of nutritional status. Purpose of the study. To study the clinical efficacy of the “Gastrobin Forte” vitamin-mineral complex in patients with gastritis and gastroduodenitis. Materials and methods. An open observational clinical study was conducted on patients with chronic gastritis and gastroduodenitis (the main group – 60 patients) and a comparison group (30 patients). An objective examination of patients were evaluated before the study, on the 14th, 30th, 60th and 120th days of observation. The results of the study. The 120-day administration of the vitamin-mineral complex «Gastrobin Forte» was well tolerated by patients, did not cause unwanted adverse reactions, including allergic ones. Two weeks later, there was a tendency to a decrease in the frequency of pain, discomfort in the epigastrium, and after 4 months all patients of the main group achieved persistent remission and the disappearance of the pain syndrome. At the same time, in the comparison group, complaints of discomfort in the epigastrium and unstable stool persisted in 10% of patients, and expressed pain syndrome persisted in 5% of patients. Conclusions. Gastrobin Forte is recommended as an additional source of vitamins and minerals for aftercare from hospital, as well as for prolonging remissions and preventing exacerbations. © 2020, Remedium Group Ltd. All rights reserved

Reconstruction of spacecraft attitude motion by measurements of star trackers and angular rate sensor using least squares method

Abstract: We consider the reconstruction of spacecraft attitude motion by measurements of angular rate sensor and star trackers. The processing technique uses kinematical equations of the attitude motion of a rigid body. In its framework, the measurement data of both types, collected on a time interval, are processed jointly. The angular rate data are put into kinematical equations for components of the quaternion, which defines a transformation of the coupled spacecraft coordinate system to the inertial one. The equations obtained present the model of a spacecraft attitude motion. The solution of the equations, which approximates the real motion, is found by the least squares method from the condition of the best agreement between measurement and calculation data of the magnetic strength. The technique allows reconstructing the attitude motion on time intervals up to 1000 seconds.Note: Research direction:Theoretical and applied problems of mechanic

Investigation of the periodic systematic error in determining centers of star images in the CCD matrix of star sensor BOKZ-M60

Abstract: We investigate the periodic systematic error found out in ground-based measurements of the star sensor BOKZ-M60. This error can be explained by periodic pixel structure of the sensor CCD matrix. Our conclusion is based on processing sufficiently long series of measurement data. The measurements were processed in a few stages. First, we approximate the motion of star images in the matrix plane and trace the development of some individual stars. Using spectral analysis, we found periodic components of their motion. The period of those components allow us to make the above conclusion.Note: Research direction:Theoretical and applied problems of mechanic

ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ ДЕТОКСИЦИРУЮЩЕГО ВЛИЯНИЯ КОМПЛЕКСНОЙ ПРОГРАММЫ ПИТАНИЯ DETOX НА ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНЫЕ ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ ОРГАНИЗМА

Adverse environmental factors, prolonged pharmacotherapy of chronic diseases, irradiation therapy, food contaminants, poor nutrition, smoking, alcohol intake and other factors are the cause of metabolic disorders. This leads to cumulation in the body of xeno- and endobiotics and their metabolites, leading to a chronicity of pathological processes, an aggravation of the course of diseases, and a deterioration in the quality of life of patients. To eliminate the resulting toxins, detoxification diet therapy is the most physiological and effective. Purpose: to study the clinical effectiveness of the use of the Comprehensive nutrition program «DETOX», manufactured by LEOVIT Nutrio Ltd with the goal of detoxifying the organism. Material and methods. A 15-day study involved 20 volunteers. To evaluate the effectiveness of the use of a comprehensive detoxification nutrition program, we used the developed «quality of life» questionnaire, organoleptic properties were assessed using 5 parameters (appearance, smell, color, taste, texture). We measured the dynamics of parameters of a clinical blood test (hemoglobin, leukocyte, erythrocyte levels, leukocyte counts), biochemical indicators of impaired liver function (AST, ALT, GGT, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, urea, creatinine), the spectrum of blood lipids (concentration of total lipids and cholesterol) and fasting blood glucose. The concentration of lipid peroxidation products (LPO) was analyzed by spectrophotometric method. Results. It was found that the DETOX comprehensive nutrition program significantly reduces the level of LPO, normalizes creatinine, urea, and liver enzymes (AST, ALT, GGT) in the blood, lowers ESR, glucose and cholesterol, improves skin barrier functions, has favorable organoleptic qualities and does not cause unwanted adverse reactions, including allergic ones. Conclusion. Studies of the clinical efficacy of the use of the DETOX comprehensive nutritional program showed that the products included in the program have pronounced detoxifying agents, improving the functions of the main organs and systems involved in the metabolism of xenobiotics and endotoxins, which is confirmed by pronounced hepatoprotective, antioxidant, hypocholesterolemic effects.Неблагоприятные экологические факторы внешней среды, длительная фармакотерапия хронических заболеваний, лучевая терапия, контаминанты пищевых продуктов, нерациональное _ питание, курение, прием алкоголя и ряд других факторов служат причиной метаболических нарушений. Это приводит к кумуляции в организме ксено- и эндобиотиков и их метаболитов, что приводит к хронизации патологических процессов, утяжелению течения заболеваний, ухудшению качества жизни больных. Для выведения образующихся токсинов наиболее физиологичной и эффективной является детоксикационная терапия. Цель исследования - изучить клиническую эффективность применения комплексной программы питания DETOX («ДЕТОКС») производства ООО «ЛЕОВИТ нутрио» с целью детоксикации организма. Материал и методы. В 15-дневном исследовании принимали участие 20 добровольцев. Для оценки эффективности применения комплексной детоксикационной программы питания использовали разработанную анкету «качества жизни», органолептические свойства оценивались по 5 параметрам (внешний вид, запах, цвет, вкус, консистенция). Проводилось измерение динамики показателей клинического анализа крови (уровней гемоглобина, лейкоцитов, эритроцитов, показателей лейкоцитарной формулы), биохимических показателей нарушений функции печени (АСТ, АЛТ, ГГТ, общий билирубин, прямой билирубин, мочевина, креатинин), спектра липидов крови (по содержанию общего холестерина) и уровня глюкозы крови натощак. Содержание продуктов перекисного окисления липидов (ПОЛ) анализировалось спектрофотометрическим методом. Результаты. Установлено, что комплекс сбалансированного питания DETOX («ДЕТОКС») достоверно снижает содержание продуктов ПОЛ, нормализует уровни креатинина, мочевины, печеночных ферментов (АСТ, АЛТ, ГГТ) в крови, снижает показатель скорости оседания эритроцитов (СОЭ), концентрацию глюкозы и холестерина, улучшает барьерные функции кожи, обладает благоприятными органолептическими качествами и не вызывает нежелательных побочных реакций, в том числе и аллергического характера. Заключение. Проведенные исследования клинической эффективности применения комплексной программы питания DETOX («ДЕТОКС») показали, что продукты, входящие в состав программы, обладают выраженными детоксицирующими средствами, улучшая функции основных органов и систем, участвующих в метаболизме ксенобиотиков и эндотоксинов, что подтверждено выраженными гепатопротекторными, антиоксидантными, гипохолестеринемическими эффектами

Chemical composition and content of polysaccharides from the yellow iris (Iris pseudacorus L.) rhizomes

Background: The aim of the present study was to examine the composition and content of the polysaccharide complex and polysaccharide fractions from yellow iris (Iris pseudacorus L.) rhizomes growing in Russian Federation (Moscow region). Materials and Methods:Traditional pharmacognostic methods were used in the analysis of polysaccharides as biologically active substances. The total amount of polysaccharides was determined by a gravimetric procedure with alcohol precipitation. Fractions of polysaccharides were isolated by sequential changing of solvents.The content of monosaccharides was determined by the method of high-performance liquid chromatography with refractometric detection (HPLC-RID) after acid hydrolysis. HPLC-RID procedure was performed using Chromatograph Agilent 1260 Infinity, Sugar-Pak column (300×6.5 mm), and isocratic elution mode. Results: Polysaccharide complex was isolated, the total content of polysaccharides in the rhizomes of I. pseudacorus was determined, as well as their distribution by fractions (water-soluble polysaccharides, pectic substances, hemicellulose A, hemicellulose B), the composition of individual sugars (glucose, xylose, galactose, mannose, rhamnose, arabinose) was determined for each fraction. Conclusion: In our experiment polysaccharide complex was first identified and described in detail for I. pseudacorus grown in Moscow region. © 2020 Phcogj.Com. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license