3,906 research outputs found
D3-branes dynamics and black holes
Using the D3-brane as the fundamental tool, we adress two aspects of D-branes
physics. The first regards the interaction between two electromagnetic dual
D-branes in 10 dimensions. In particular, we give a meaning to {\it both} even
and odd spin structure contributions, the latter being non vanishing for non
zero relative velocity (and encoding the Lorentz-like contribution). The
second aspect regards the D-brane/black holes correspondence. We show how the 4
dimensional configuration corresponding to a {\it single} D3-brane wrapped on
the orbifold T^6/Z_3 represents a regular Reissner-Nordstrom solution of d=4
N=2 supergravityComment: 8 pages, latex, 1 eps figure. Talk presented by M. Bertolini at the
conference "Quantum aspects of gauge theories, supergravity and unification"
in Corfu`; to appear in the proceeding
Closed string exchanges on in a background B-field
In an earlier work it was shown that the IR singularities arising in the
nonplanar one loop two point function of a noncommutative gauge
theory can be reproduced exactly from the massless closed string exchanges. The
noncommutative gauge theory is realised on a fractional brane localised
at the fixed point of the orbifold. In this paper we identify the
contributions from each of the closed string modes. The sum of these adds upto
the nonplanar two-point function.Comment: 27 page
Supersymmetric predictions for the inclusive decay
We study the penguin induced transition in the minimal N=1
supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model with radiative breaking of the
electroweak group. We include the effects of one-loop corrections to the Higgs
potential and scalar masses. We show that the present upper and lower
experimental limits on the inclusive decay sharply constrain the parameter
space of the model in a wide range of values. The implications of
the recently advocated relation for the bilinear SUSY soft breaking
parameter in grand unified theories are also analyzed.Comment: 23 pages + 12 figures (hardcopies available on request), LATEX, SISSA
40/94/E
Regular R-R and NS-NS BPS black holes
We show in a precise group theoretical fashion how the generating solution of
regular BPS black holes of N=8 supergravity, which is known to be a solution
also of a simpler N=2 STU model truncation, can be characterized as NS-NS or
R-R charged according to the way the corresponding STU model is embedded in the
original N=8 theory. Of particular interest is the class of embeddings which
yield regular BPS black hole solutions carrying only R-R charge and whose
microscopic description can possibly be given in terms of bound states of
D-branes only. The microscopic interpretation of the bosonic fields in this
class of STU models relies on the solvable Lie algebra (SLA) method. In the
present article we improve this mathematical technique in order to provide two
distinct descriptions for type IIA and type IIB theories and an algebraic
characterization of S*T--dual embeddings within the N=8,d=4 theory. This
analysis will be applied to the particular example of a four parameter
(dilatonic) solution of which both the full macroscopic and microscopic
descriptions will be worked out.Comment: latex, 30 pages. Final version to appear on Int.J.Mod.Phy
Direct CP Violation in B->phi K_s and New Physics
In the presence of large New Physics contributions to loop-induced b->s
transitions, sizable direct CP violation in B-> phi K decays is expected on
general grounds. We compute explicitly CP-violating effects using QCD
factorization and find that, even in the restricted case in which New Physics
has the same penguin structure as the Standard Model, the rate asymmetry can be
of order one. We briefly discuss a more general scenario and comment on the
inclusion of power-suppressed corrections to factorization.Comment: 3 page
On the vacuum of the minimal nonsupersymmetric SO(10) unification
We study a class of nonsupersymmetric SO(10) grand unified scenarios where
the first stage of the symmetry breaking is driven by the vacuum expectation
values of the 45-dimensional adjoint representation. Three decade old results
claim that such a Higgs setting may lead exclusively to the flipped SU(5) x
U(1) intermediate stage. We show that this conclusion is actually an artifact
of the tree level potential. The study of the accidental global symmetries
emerging in various limits of the scalar potential offers a simple
understanding of the tree level result and a rationale for the drastic impact
of quantum corrections. We scrutinize in detail the simplest and paradigmatic
case of the 45_{H} + 16_{H} Higgs sector triggering the breaking of SO(10) to
the standard electroweak model. We show that the minimization of the one-loop
effective potential allows for intermediate SU(4)_C x SU(2)_L x U(1)_R and
SU(3)_c x SU(2)_L x SU(2)_R x U(1)_{B-L} symmetric stages as well. These are
the options favoured by gauge unification. Our results, that apply whenever the
SO(10) breaking is triggered by , open the path for hunting the simplest
realistic scenario of nonsupersymmetric SO(10) grand unification.Comment: 22 pages, 1 figure. Refs added. To appear in Phys. Rev.
Exclusive Decays and CP Violation in the General two-Higgs-doublet Model
We calculate all the branching ratios and direct CP violations of
decays in a most general two-Higgs-doublet model with spontaneous CP violation.
As the model has rich CP-violating sources, it is shown that the new physics
effects to direct CP violations and branching ratios in some channels can be
significant when adopting the generalized factorization approach to evaluate
the hadronic matrix elements, which provides good signals for probing new
physics beyond the SM in the future B experiments.Comment: 21 page
Quark-Squark Alignment Revisited
We re-examine the possibility that the solution to the supersymmetric flavor
problem is related to small mixing angles in gaugino couplings induced by
approximate horizontal Abelian symmetries. We prove that, for a large class of
models, there is a single viable structure for the down quark mass matrix with
four holomorphic zeros. Consequently, we are able to obtain both lower and
upper bounds on the supersymmetric mixing angles and predict the contributions
to various flavor changing neutral current processes. We find that the most
likely signals for alignment are close to the present bound,
significant CP violation in mixing, and shifts of order a few
percent in various CP asymmetries in and decays. In contrast, the
modifications to radiative B decays, to and to
decays are small. We further investigate a new class of
alignment models, where supersymmetric contributions to flavor changing
processes are suppressed by both alignment and RGE-induced degeneracy.Comment: 20 pages, 3 figure
On supersymmetry breaking vacua from D-branes at orientifold singularities
We present a large class of models of D-branes at (orientifold) Calabi-Yau sin- gularities which enjoy dynamical supersymmetry breaking at low energy, by means of either the SU(5) or 3\u20132 supersymmetry breaking models. Once embedded in a warped throat or, equivalently, in a large N theory, all models display an instability along a Coulomb branch direction towards supersymmetry preserving vacua. Interestingly, the nature of the run- away mechanism is model-independent and has a precise geometrical interpretation. This naturally suggests the properties a Calabi-Yau singularity should have in order for such instability not to occur
epsilon'/epsilon at the NLO: 10 Years Later
During the last four years several parameters relevant for the analysis of
the CP-violating ratio epsilon'/epsilon improved and/or changed significantly.
In particular, the experimental value of epsilon'/epsilon and the strange quark
mass decreased, the uncertainty in the CKM factor has been reduced, and for a
value of the hadronic matrix element of the dominant electroweak penguin
operator Q_8, some consensus has been reached among several theory groups. In
view of this situation, ten years after the first analyses of epsilon'/epsilon
at the next-to-leading order, we reconsider the analysis of epsilon'/epsilon
within the SM and investigate what can be said about the hadronic Q_6 matrix
element of the dominant QCD penguin operator on the basis of the present
experimental value of epsilon'/epsilon and todays values of all other
parameters.
Employing a conservative range for the reduced electroweak penguin matrix
element R_8=1.0+-0.2 from lattice QCD, and present values for all other input
parameters, on the basis of the current world average for epsilon'/epsilon, we
obtain the reduced hadronic matrix element of the dominant QCD penguin operator
R_6=1.23+-0.16 implying _0^NDR(m_c) ~ -0.8 _2^NDR(m_c). We compare
these results with those obtained in large-N_c approaches in which generally
R_6 ~ R_8 and _0^NDR(m_c) is chirally suppressed relatively to
_2^NDR(m_c). We present the correlation between R_6 and R_8 that is
implied by the data on epsilon'/epsilon provided new physics contributions to
epsilon'/epsilon can be neglected.Comment: 18 pages, 1 eps figure, version to appear in JHE
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