Acute evaluation of static and dynamic stability of the lumbopelvic region after paravertebral stretching

Introduction and objectives. Since the paravertebral muscles promote dynamic stability to protect the spine, the aim of this study was to verify the association between the acute effect of the stretching support time for the multifidus muscle, and changes in the static and dynamic stability of the lumbopelvic region. Materials and method. A total of 46 volunteers were cross-submitted to three different stretching interventions for the multifidus muscle, being the manutention of stretching time the variation between interventions: 10, 30 and 60 seconds. Each volunteer was submitted to the three interventions with a minimum interval of 7 days and a maximum of 10 days. The order of the interventions was determined by lot. First, pre-intervention values for static and dynamic stability were collected using a biofeedback pressure unit. Subsequently, the sample was forwarded for intervention according to its group; after the completion of the same, data were collected on post-intervention stability. The data were analyzed using SPSS 20.0 software and Chi-square test, with a significance level of 5% (α = 0.05). Results. There was no significant association between the manutention of stretching time and static stability, being χ2(4)=0.812; p=0.949. Similarly, there was no significant association between the stretching support time and dynamic stability, and χ2(4)=1.517; p=0.827. Conclusion. In conclusion, there was no significant association between stretching time of the paravertebral muscles and static and dynamic stability

Effects of immobilization and remobilization on the ankle joint in Wistar rats

A sprained ankle is a common musculoskeletal sports injury and it is often treated by immobilization of the joint. Despite the beneficial effects of this therapeutic measure, the high prevalence of residual symptoms affects the quality of life, and remobilization of the joint can reverse this situation. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of immobilization and remobilization on the ankle joint of Wistar rats. Eighteen male rats had their right hindlimb immobilized for 15 days, and were divided into the following groups: G1, immobilized; G2, remobilized freely for 14 days; and G3, remobilized by swimming and jumping in water for 14 days, performed on alternate days, with progression of time and a series of exercises. The contralateral limb was the control. After the experimental period, the ankle joints were processed for microscopic analysis. Histomorphometry did not show any significant differences between the control and immobilized/remobilized groups and members, in terms of number of chondrocytes and thickness of the articular cartilage of the tibia and talus. Morphological analysis of animals from G1 showed significant degenerative lesions in the talus, such as exposure of the subchondral bone, flocculation, and cracks between the anterior and mid-regions of the articular cartilage and the synovial membrane. Remobilization by therapeutic exercise in water led to recovery in the articular cartilage and synovial membrane of the ankle joint when compared with free remobilization, and it was shown to be an effective therapeutic measure in the recovery of the ankle joint

Nociceptive And Histomorphometric Characteristics Of Median Nerves Of Rats With Obesity Induced By Monosodium Glutamate [características Nociceptivas E Histomorfométricas De Nervos Medianos De Ratos Com Obesidade Induzida Pelo Glutamato Monossódico]

Aims: To compare nociception and, histomorphometrically, the transverse section of peripheral nerves (median) of Wistar rats submitted to obesity model induced by monosodium glutamate with control animals. Methods: Fourteen Wistar rats divided into control and obese groups were used. During the five first days since birth the rats from obese group received a daily subcutaneous injection of monosodium glutamate (4 g/kg body weight/day), while the control group received hypertonic saline (1.25 g/kg body weight/day). Nociception was evaluated by the withdrawal threshold of the limb, using digital analgesymeter type Von Frey, with the stimulus given in the palmar region of the right hind paw. The first assessment was carried out about 20 days before euthanasia, and the second assessment was performed on the day before euthanasia. Subsequently the median nerve was dissected in the elbow region and processed with cross sections for histological analysis. The analyzed variables were: number of axons per field; axons, fibers and myelin sheath diameters, and G coefficient. The results were analyzed using the t test for independent samples and paired t test, with a significance level of 5%. RESULTS: Fourteen rats were assessed, being seven of the obese group and seven of control group. The evaluation of nociception showed that the animals of the obese group had lower withdrawal threshold. For histomorphometric data, the results showed no significant differences between the two groups. Conclusions: The obese animals showed lower nociceptive threshold, however, there were no morphometric differences of the median nerves between animals subjected to the model of obesity induced by monosodium glutamate and the control group.24411Luz, D.M.D., Encarnação, J.N., Vantagens e desvantagens da cirurgia bariátrica para o tratamento da obesidade mórbida (2008) Rev Bras Obesidade, Nutr e Emagrecimento., 2 (10), pp. 376-383Molinatti, G.M., Limone, P., Obesity: a challenge for the clinician (1992) Front Diabetes., 11, pp. 7-15Muller, H.L., Bueb, K., Bartels, U., Roth, C., Harz, K., Graf, N., Obesity after childhood craniopharyngioma--German multicenter study on pre-operative risk factors and quality of life (2001) Klin Padiatr., 213 (4), pp. 244-249Sowers, J.R., Draznin, B., Insulin, cation metabolism and insulin resistance (1998) J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol., 9 (2-4), pp. 223-233Dobretsov, M., Romanovsky, D., Stimers, J.R., Early diabetic neuropathy: Triggers and mechanisms (2007) World J Gastroenterol., 13 (2), pp. 175-191Kellogg, A.P., Cheng, H.T., Pop-Busui, R., Cyclooxygenase-2 pathway as a potential therapeutic target in diabetic peripheral neuropathy (2008) Curr Drug Targets., 9 (1), pp. 68-76Won, J.C., Kim, S.S., Ko, K.S., Cha, B., Current status of diabetic peripheral neuropathy in Korea: report of a hospital-based study of type 2 diabetic patients in Korea by the diabetic neuropathy study group of the korean diabetes association (2014) Diabetes Metab J., 38 (1), pp. 25-31Callaghan, B.C., Hur, J., Feldman, E.L., Diabetic neuropathy: one disease or two? 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Photobiomodulation with cluster does not present superior results to placebo in young people with chronic non-specific lumbar pain

Introduction and objective. Since the characteristic of chronic non-specific lumbar dysfunction presents a high prevalence and morbidity, and that there are still conflicting results with the use of photobiomodulation, the aim of this study was to analyze the effect of photobiomodulation application in patients with chronic non-specific lombalgy. Materials and method. A quantitative, experimental, randomized study composed of 21 volunteers randomly separated into two groups: 1) the intervention group (IG), who were given an application of photobiomodulation (LED (617nm ±10%, 1,500 mW) and low-level laser therapy (830nm, 150 mW, beam area 12.57mm), combined energy of 8.4 J per area for one minute in four different locations: in regions of greatest pain referred to palpation, on a bilateral basis, area of the applicator – 23,8 cm2). 2) the control group (CG), in which the device remained switched-off during therapy. All subjects were evaluated by McGill and Roland Morris questionnaires before and at the end of 6 interventions (3 weeks). Results. For both McGill and Roland Morris total pain rates, there was no inter-group interaction or interaction between evaluation and group (p>0.05). In the comparison between evaluations (before and after), there was a significant difference (p<0.001). Conclusions. The use of photobiomodulation in these parameters in young patients with chronic non-specific lombalgy, was not more effective than the placebo for the relief of painful symptoms. Nor did it promote a decrease in the repercussion of lombalgy in the performance of daily activities