Analysis of the support provided to student-athletes in Wallonia. The case of higher education

In this paper, the first aspect to keep in mind deals with the student-athletes’status. Indeed, the European culture is rather different than the North America’s one. US students, for example, have many advantages to become top athletes. Those who are selected in school, college or university teams are well supported by their institution. The NCCA (National Collegiate Athletic Association) is trying to limit the participation of the freshmen to the university competitions in order to provide them a better teaching context. An overview of the situation of studentathletes in 12 European countries revealed that not all of them have developed a positive climate in favour of their student-athletes.Peer reviewe

Pre-service training in secondary education and in-service training leading to a diploma in primary education in physical education in Geneva: What teaching tradition(s)?

Cette contribution vise à décrire et analyser l’émergence de deux programmes de formation à l’enseignement de l’éducation physique de l’Université de Genève, au regard des traditions d’enseignement dans lesquels ils sont susceptibles de s’être ancrés: (a) la FORENSEC (enseignement secondaire); (b) le DAS MDAS (enseignement primaire). La méthodologie respecte les étapes classiques de l’analyse de documents. L’analyse des principaux documents de référence de ces programmes montre qu’ils s’ancrent très majoritairement dans une tradition d’enseignement de l’éducation physique comme éducation à la culture physique et sportive. Cet ancrage résulte à la fois d’un choix conscient du corps enseignant et de facteurs structurels qui y sont favorables, voire le déterminent. (DIPF/Orig.)This paper aims to describe and analyze the development of two physical education teacher training programs at the University of Geneva, regarding the teaching traditions that have shaped them: (a) FORENSEC (secondary education); (b) DAS MDAS (primary education). Its methodology follows the usual steps of document analysis. The analysis of these programs’ main reference documents shows that they are mainly anchored in a teaching tradition of physical education as physical culture education. This anchoring is the result of both a conscious choice of the teaching staff and structural factors that are favorable to it, or even determine it. (DIPF/Orig.

Analyse des rituels d'athlètes belges francophones en période pré-compétitive

Les sportifs sont réputés pour accorder une attention toute particulière à des rituels supersticieux, notamment à l'approche d'une compétition. Dans cette étude, nous avons suivis 16 athlètes (course à pied). Durant le mois précédant une compétition importante, dix athlètes ont noté dans un agenda leurs faits et gestes quotidiens en relation avec celle-ci. Les agendas ont donné lieu à une analyse inductive de contenu selon les principes de la « théorie ancrée » (Strauss et Corbin, 1990). Par ailleurs, durant la dizaine de minutes précédant le départ d’une compétition, neuf coureurs ont été filmés pour être soumis ensuite à un entretien d’explicitation (Vermersch et Maurel, 1997). Leur action a été reconstruite a posteriori en respectant les principes de l’analyse globale du cours d’action (Theureau, 1992).Athletes provide a particular attention to supersticious behaviours, specifically when approaching a competition. In this study, we worked with 16 athletes (track and field). During the month before one important competition, ten wrote in a diary their daily activities and thoughts. Moreover, during the 10 minutes preceeding the competition, 9 runners have been videotaped in the perspective to participate into a explicitation interview. The data were used to reconstruct their action on the basis of the analysis of the "course of action"

L’éducation physique en temps de pandémie et après : quels enjeux pour l’enseignement, la formation et la recherche?

Ce symposium propose d’interroger l'impact de la pandémie de la COVID-19 sur l'enseignement, sur la formation, sur la place et sur la nature même de l'éducation physique (EP). D’aucuns semblent dire qu’il y aura un avant et après COVID-19. Selon l’UNESCO « environ 1.2 milliard d’élèves et de jeunes dans le monde sont touchés par la fermeture des écoles et universités en raison de l’épidémie de COVID-19 ». En même temps, « 63 millions d’enseignants seraient eux aussi touchés par la crise du COVID-19! » et ont été amenés à adapter leurs modalités pédagogiques de façon parfois drastique

Jet energy measurement with the ATLAS detector in proton-proton collisions at root s=7 TeV

The jet energy scale and its systematic uncertainty are determined for jets measured with the ATLAS detector at the LHC in proton-proton collision data at a centre-of-mass energy of √s = 7TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 38 pb-1. Jets are reconstructed with the anti-kt algorithm with distance parameters R=0. 4 or R=0. 6. Jet energy and angle corrections are determined from Monte Carlo simulations to calibrate jets with transverse momenta pT≥20 GeV and pseudorapidities {pipe}η{pipe}<4. 5. The jet energy systematic uncertainty is estimated using the single isolated hadron response measured in situ and in test-beams, exploiting the transverse momentum balance between central and forward jets in events with dijet topologies and studying systematic variations in Monte Carlo simulations. The jet energy uncertainty is less than 2. 5 % in the central calorimeter region ({pipe}η{pipe}<0. 8) for jets with 60≤pT<800 GeV, and is maximally 14 % for pT<30 GeV in the most forward region 3. 2≤{pipe}η{pipe}<4. 5. The jet energy is validated for jet transverse momenta up to 1 TeV to the level of a few percent using several in situ techniques by comparing a well-known reference such as the recoiling photon pT, the sum of the transverse momenta of tracks associated to the jet, or a system of low-pT jets recoiling against a high-pT jet. More sophisticated jet calibration schemes are presented based on calorimeter cell energy density weighting or hadronic properties of jets, aiming for an improved jet energy resolution and a reduced flavour dependence of the jet response. The systematic uncertainty of the jet energy determined from a combination of in situ techniques is consistent with the one derived from single hadron response measurements over a wide kinematic range. The nominal corrections and uncertainties are derived for isolated jets in an inclusive sample of high-pT jets. Special cases such as event topologies with close-by jets, or selections of samples with an enhanced content of jets originating from light quarks, heavy quarks or gluons are also discussed and the corresponding uncertainties are determined. © 2013 CERN for the benefit of the ATLAS collaboration

Measurement of the inclusive and dijet cross-sections of b-jets in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector

The inclusive and dijet production cross-sections have been measured for jets containing b-hadrons (b-jets) in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of sqrt(s) = 7 TeV, using the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The measurements use data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 34 pb^-1. The b-jets are identified using either a lifetime-based method, where secondary decay vertices of b-hadrons in jets are reconstructed using information from the tracking detectors, or a muon-based method where the presence of a muon is used to identify semileptonic decays of b-hadrons inside jets. The inclusive b-jet cross-section is measured as a function of transverse momentum in the range 20 < pT < 400 GeV and rapidity in the range |y| < 2.1. The bbbar-dijet cross-section is measured as a function of the dijet invariant mass in the range 110 < m_jj < 760 GeV, the azimuthal angle difference between the two jets and the angular variable chi in two dijet mass regions. The results are compared with next-to-leading-order QCD predictions. Good agreement is observed between the measured cross-sections and the predictions obtained using POWHEG + Pythia. MC@NLO + Herwig shows good agreement with the measured bbbar-dijet cross-section. However, it does not reproduce the measured inclusive cross-section well, particularly for central b-jets with large transverse momenta.Comment: 10 pages plus author list (21 pages total), 8 figures, 1 table, final version published in European Physical Journal

Search for direct production of charginos and neutralinos in events with three leptons and missing transverse momentum in √s = 7 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

A search for the direct production of charginos and neutralinos in final states with three electrons or muons and missing transverse momentum is presented. The analysis is based on 4.7 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data delivered by the Large Hadron Collider and recorded with the ATLAS detector. Observations are consistent with Standard Model expectations in three signal regions that are either depleted or enriched in Z-boson decays. Upper limits at 95% confidence level are set in R-parity conserving phenomenological minimal supersymmetric models and in simplified models, significantly extending previous results

Observation of associated near-side and away-side long-range correlations in √sNN=5.02 TeV proton-lead collisions with the ATLAS detector

Two-particle correlations in relative azimuthal angle (Δϕ) and pseudorapidity (Δη) are measured in √sNN=5.02  TeV p+Pb collisions using the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The measurements are performed using approximately 1  μb-1 of data as a function of transverse momentum (pT) and the transverse energy (ΣETPb) summed over 3.1<η<4.9 in the direction of the Pb beam. The correlation function, constructed from charged particles, exhibits a long-range (2<|Δη|<5) “near-side” (Δϕ∼0) correlation that grows rapidly with increasing ΣETPb. A long-range “away-side” (Δϕ∼π) correlation, obtained by subtracting the expected contributions from recoiling dijets and other sources estimated using events with small ΣETPb, is found to match the near-side correlation in magnitude, shape (in Δη and Δϕ) and ΣETPb dependence. The resultant Δϕ correlation is approximately symmetric about π/2, and is consistent with a dominant cos⁡2Δϕ modulation for all ΣETPb ranges and particle pT

Measurement of the polarisation of W bosons produced with large transverse momentum in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV with the ATLAS experiment

This paper describes an analysis of the angular distribution of W->enu and W->munu decays, using data from pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector at the LHC in 2010, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of about 35 pb^-1. Using the decay lepton transverse momentum and the missing transverse energy, the W decay angular distribution projected onto the transverse plane is obtained and analysed in terms of helicity fractions f0, fL and fR over two ranges of W transverse momentum (ptw): 35 < ptw < 50 GeV and ptw > 50 GeV. Good agreement is found with theoretical predictions. For ptw > 50 GeV, the values of f0 and fL-fR, averaged over charge and lepton flavour, are measured to be : f0 = 0.127 +/- 0.030 +/- 0.108 and fL-fR = 0.252 +/- 0.017 +/- 0.030, where the first uncertainties are statistical, and the second include all systematic effects.Comment: 19 pages plus author list (34 pages total), 9 figures, 11 tables, revised author list, matches European Journal of Physics C versio

Observation of a new chi_b state in radiative transitions to Upsilon(1S) and Upsilon(2S) at ATLAS

The chi_b(nP) quarkonium states are produced in proton-proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV and recorded by the ATLAS detector. Using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.4 fb^-1, these states are reconstructed through their radiative decays to Upsilon(1S,2S) with Upsilon->mu+mu-. In addition to the mass peaks corresponding to the decay modes chi_b(1P,2P)->Upsilon(1S)gamma, a new structure centered at a mass of 10.530+/-0.005 (stat.)+/-0.009 (syst.) GeV is also observed, in both the Upsilon(1S)gamma and Upsilon(2S)gamma decay modes. This is interpreted as the chi_b(3P) system.Comment: 5 pages plus author list (18 pages total), 2 figures, 1 table, corrected author list, matches final version in Physical Review Letter