Nutritional assessment ofsilage with differentlevels of inclusion of orange peel (Citrus sinensis) and in vivo digestibility, as an energy-giving alternative for feeding pigs

Páginas 20-28Recurso ElectrónicoEl presente estudio evaluó el valor nutricional de dietas con base en cáscara de naranja (Citrus sinensis), en ensilaje. Los tratamientos consistieron en 5 niveles de inclusión de cáscara de naranja 0, 10, 20, 30 y 40 %; se estimó caracterización organoléptica (color y olor durante los tiempos de fermentación (1, 3, 7, 21 y 28 días). Conjuntamente se determinó pH, materia seca (MS), proteína cruda (PC), extracto etéreo (EE), fibra cruda (FC), cenizas (CEN) y extracto no nitrogenado (ENN). Se analizaron coeficientes de digestibilidad (CD), con la técnica de bolsa dacrón móvil (TBDM) y un cerdo de 25 kg de peso, al cual previamente se le implantó una cánula duodenal; para esta prueba se escogieron los tiempos de fermentación (3, 7, 21 días) y los tratamientos con inclusión de cáscara de naranja T2 (10 %), T3 (20 %), T4 (30 %) y el control. Por último se realizó aproxima- ción económica de dietas. La evaluación organoléptica demostró variabilidad en color, debido al cítrico presente en los tratamientos; el olor fue influenciado por la presencia de ácidos, que proporcionaron olor agradable. El análisis químico fue significativo (p<0.01), entre tratamientos y tiempos de fermentación, resultando un compor- tamiento favorable para T3 con valores promedios de pH (4,19), MS (49.7 %), PC (23.3 %), FC (1.8 %), EE (4.4%), CEN (5.3 %) y ENN (62.29 %). Los tratamientos T2 y T3 reportaron CD mayores al control. Se propone el ensilaje cítrico con nivel de 20% para dietas iniciadoras de cerdos.ABSTRACT. The current study evaluated the nutritional value of diets based on orange peel (Citrus sinensis) by the technique of silage. The treatments consisted of 5 levels of inclusion of 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 % of orange peel respectively. We evaluated organoleptic characterization (colour and odour during the time of fermentation (1, 3, 7, 21 and 28 days). In addition, pH, dry matter (MS), crude protein (PC), ether extract (EE), crude fiber (FC), ash (CEN) and nitrogen-free extract (ENN) were assessed. Digestibility coefficients (CD) were analyzed, through the Dacron bag technique (TBDM) and a pig of 25 kg weight, which was previously implanted with a duodenal cannula; in this test, 3 fermentation times were chosen (3 , 7, 21 days) and treatments with inclusion of orange peel T2 (10 %), T3 (20 %), T4 (30 %) and the control. Finally, economic approximation of dieting was made. Organoleptic appreciation results showed variability in colour, due to citric present in treatments; the smell was influenced by the presence of acids, which provided a pleasant smell. Chemical analysis was significant (p<0.01), between treatments and time of fermentation, resulting in a favourable trend for T3 with average values of pH (4,19), MS (49,7 %), PC (23,3 %), FC (1,8 %), EE (4,4 %), CEN (5,3 %) and, ENN (62,29 %). Treatments T2 and T3 reported CD values, higher than the control. We propose the orange peel silage, with 20% level in initiating diets for pigs

GE P&W- DISTIBUTED POWER- GLOBAL COMMERCIAL DIVISION – MERGER & INTEGRATION STRATEGIC ANALYSIS

Globally, around 75% of Mergers and Acquisitions fail to achieve their strategic and financial objectives; but still, there are huge amount of Mergers that occur. In this era of intense and turbulent change, involving speedy technological developments and increasing globalization, mergers enable firms to achieve flexibility, leverage competencies, share resources, acquire technologies and produce opportunities that otherwise would be inconceivable. The research for this dissertation is undertaken in order to study the merger that GE Power and Water business performed in October 2013, integrating Aero, Jenbacher and Waukesha Business into one unit called Distributed Power. The dissolution of the business announced in July 2015 gives insights of an unsuccessful merger that modified its internal organisational structure three times in two years. There are two main objectives of this research. The principal objective is to examine to what extent the integration of Distributed power was effective, and analyse areas that could have led to the dissolution of the business. Further to this, it is intended to draw out from the analysis - of primary and secondary data- whether the organisational design (matrix structure with regionalisation and HQs scheme) was the best model to serve the market successfully, if not, the aim is to provide insights of a better model for that specific segment. The study used quantitative and qualitative methods -interviews and surveys respectively-. Participants of this study were managers and executives from GE P&W DP Commercial, Sales and Services teams from four regions around the world. The main participant of this research is the Global Commercial Manager for Europe, Services COE global head. The analysis was performed under four theories and frameworks: Integration (for integration analysis), complexity, decision making and firm environment test (for organisational design analysis). The discussion was based on findings of primary data and was drawn according to main theories and empirical studies. The results in the discussion summary were benchmarked against other mergers that succeeded/failed in the global scenario. Management recommendations and conclusions were finally drawn from the discussion, getting interesting insights to fulfil the explanations required to accomplish the main two objectives described in this abstract

Search for Reliable Circulating Biomarkers to Predict Carotid Plaque Vulnerability

Altres ajuts: This research was funded by grants 158/U/2017 from Fundacio La Marato TV3 and from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund). P.C.R. and E.J.X. are members of RETICS INVICTUS PLUS . S.B. and N.P. aremembers of the Quality Research Group 2017-SGR-1149 from Generalitat de Catalunya, and they are members of the Spanish Atherosclerosis Society Vascular Biology Group.Atherosclerosis is responsible for 20% of ischemic strokes, and the plaques from the internal carotid artery the most frequently involved. Lipoproteins play a key role in carotid atherosclerosis since lipid accumulation contributes to plaque progression and chronic inflammation, both factors leading to plaque vulnerability. Carotid revascularization to prevent future vascular events is reasonable in some patients with high-grade carotid stenosis. However, the degree of stenosis alone is not sufficient to decide upon the best clinical management in some situations. In this context, it is essential to further characterize plaque vulnerability, according to specific characteristics (lipid-rich core, fibrous cap thinning, intraplaque hemorrhage). Although these features can be partly detected by imaging techniques, identifying carotid plaque vulnerability is still challenging. Therefore, the study of circulating biomarkers could provide adjunctive criteria to predict the risk of atherothrombotic stroke. In this regard, several molecules have been found altered, but reliable biomarkers have not been clearly established yet. The current review discusses the concept of vulnerable carotid plaque, and collects existing information about putative circulating biomarkers, being particularly focused on lipid-related and inflammatory molecules

PCSK9 plasma concentration is associated with epicardial adipose tissue volume and metabolic control in patients with type 1 diabetes

Cardiometabolic traits; Cardiovascular disease risk; Type 1 diabetesTrets cardiometabòlics; Risc de malaltia cardiovascular; Diabetis tipus 1Rasgos cardiometabólicos; Riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular; Diabetes tipo 1Patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) have a greater risk of cardiovascular disease. Proconvertase subtilisin-kexin 9 (PCSK9) is involved in the atherosclerosis process. This study aimed to determine the relationship between PCSK9 levels and epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) volume and cardiometabolic variables in patients with T1D. This was an observational cross-sectional study including 73 patients with T1D. Clinical, biochemical and imaging data were collected. We divided the patients into two groups according to their glycemic control and the EAT index (iEAT) percentile. We performed a correlation analysis between the collected variables and PCSK9 levels; subsequently, we performed a multiple regression analysis with the significant parameters. The mean age was 47.6 ± 8.5 years, 58.9% were men, and the BMI was 26.9 ± 4.6 kg/m2. A total of 31.5%, 49.3% and 34.2% of patients had hypertension, dyslipidemia and smoking habit, respectively. The PCSK9 concentration was 0.37 ± 0.12 mg/L, which was greater in patients with worse glycemic control (HbA1c > 7.5%), dyslipidemia and high EAT volume (iEAT > 75th percentile). The PCSK9 concentration was positively correlated with age (r = 0.259; p = 0.027), HbA1c (r = 0.300; p = 0.011), insulin dose (r = 0.275; p = 0.020), VLDL-C level (r = 0.331; p = 0.004), TG level (r = 0.328; p = 0.005), and iEAT (r = 0.438; p < 0.001). Multiple regression analysis revealed that 25% of the PCSK9 variability was explained by iEAT and HbA1c (p < 0.05). The PCSK9 concentration is associated with metabolic syndrome parameters, poor glycemic control and increased EAT volume in patients with T1D.This work was supported by FIS PI16/00471 and PI20/00334 from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III/Ministry of Health, co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER “A way to make Europe”/“Investing in your future”) and a grant from the Sociedad Española de Diabetes (SED). CIBERDEM (CB07/08/0016) is an Instituto de Salud Carlos III Project

Evaluación nutricional de ensilajes con diferentes niveles de inclusión de cáscara de naranja (Citrus sinensis) y digestibilidad in vivo como alternativa energética para alimentación de cerdos

El presente estudio evaluó el valor nutricional de dietas con base en cáscara de naranja (Citrus sinensis), en ensilaje. Los tratamientos consistieron en 5 niveles de inclusión de cáscara de naranja 0, 10, 20, 30 y 40 %; se estimó caracterización organoléptica (color y olor durante los tiempos de fermentación (1, 3, 7, 21 y 28 días). Conjuntamente se determinó pH, materia seca (MS), proteína cruda (PC), extracto etéreo (EE), fibra cruda (FC), cenizas (CEN) y extracto no nitrogenado (ENN). Se analizaron coeficientes de digestibilidad (CD), con la técnica de bolsa dacrón móvil (TBDM) y un cerdo de 25 kg de peso, al cual previamente se le implantó una cánula duodenal; para esta prueba se escogieron los tiempos de fermentación (3, 7, 21 días) y los tratamientos con inclusión de cáscara de naranja T2 (10 %), T3 (20 %), T4 (30 %) y el control. Por último se realizó aproxima- ción económica de dietas. La evaluación organoléptica demostró variabilidad en color, debido al cítrico presente en los tratamientos; el olor fue influenciado por la presencia de ácidos, que proporcionaron olor agradable. El análisis químico fue significativo (p&lt;0.01), entre tratamientos y tiempos de fermentación, resultando un compor- tamiento favorable para T3 con valores promedios de pH (4,19), MS (49.7 %), PC (23.3 %), FC (1.8 %), EE (4.4%), CEN (5.3 %) y ENN (62.29 %). Los tratamientos T2 y T3 reportaron CD mayores al control. Se propone el ensilaje cítrico con nivel de 20% para dietas iniciadoras de cerdos

Estudio comparativo del rendimiento académico en matemática de ingresantes a la licenciatura y profesorado en ciencias biológicas, FCN, UNT

El sistema de ingreso a la Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e IML de la UNT, adquirió distintas modalidades, desde no ofrecer cursos ni exámenes de ingreso, hasta la realización de un curso con distintas asignaturas. Ante esta diversidad, surgió la necesidad de evaluar si alguno de ellos produjo algún impacto en el rendimiento académico en Matemática, en los alumnos de las carreras de Licenciatura y Profesorado en Ciencias Biológicas. Por otro lado, los responsables de la asignatura, tomaron el primer parcial como otro indicador de la deserción y del rendimiento al final del cursado; en él se evaluaron contenidos mínimos necesarios para el cursado de la asignatura. Bajo estas condiciones se observó que: “no” aprobar el ingreso indica alta posibilidad de “no” regularizar la asignatura; pero aprobarlo tampoco les garantiza regularizarla. Sin embargo, los que aprueban el primer parcial tienen alta probabilidad de regularizar Matemática

The role of distinctive sphingolipids in the inflammatory and apoptotic effects of electronegative LDL on monocytes

Altres ajuts: Fundació La Marató de TV3: 158/U/2017Electronegative low-density lipoprotein (LDL(−)) is a minor LDL subfraction that is present in blood with inflammatory and apoptotic effects. We aimed to evaluate the role of sphingolipids ceramide (Cer), sphingosine (Sph), and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) in the LDL(−)-induced effect on monocytes. Total LDL was subfractioned into native LDL and LDL(−) by anion-exchange chromatography and their sphingolipid content evaluated by mass spectrometry. LDL subfractions were incubated with monocytes in the presence or absence of enzyme inhibitors: chlorpromazine (CPZ), D-erythro-2-(N-myristoyl amino)-1-phenyl-1-propanol (MAPP), and N,N-dimethylsphingosine (DMS), which inhibit Cer, Sph, and S1P generation, respectively. After incubation, we evaluated cytokine release by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and apoptosis by flow cytometry. LDL(−) had an increased content in Cer and Sph compared to LDL(+). LDL(−)-induced cytokine release from cultured monocytes was inhibited by CPZ and MAPP, whereas DMS had no effect. LDL(−) promoted monocyte apoptosis, which was inhibited by CPZ, but increased with the addition of DMS. LDL enriched with Sph increased cytokine release in monocytes, and when enriched with Cer, reproduced both the apoptotic and inflammatory effects of LDL(−). These observations indicate that Cer content contributes to the inflammatory and apoptotic effects of LDL(−) on monocytes, whereas Sph plays a more important role in LDL(−)-induced inflammation, and S1P counteracts apoptosis

PyMES y software: sistema de gestión de paquetes turísticos

Los Sistemas Informáticos han ido evolucionando con el correr del tiempo; dentro de los mismos, es posible encontrar los denominados Sistema de Información Turístico (SIT). Solo medianas y grandes empresas han podido ac-ceder a estos sistemas de gran envergadura, dejando sin esta posibilidad a las pequeñas empresas de turismo que intentan insertarse o mantenerse en el mer-cado. Por otra parte el turismo es un importante motor del desarrollo local. El presente trabajo expone un sistema de apoyo a la gestión de PYMES dedicadas al turismo de la región. Se explayarán las características del sistema como ser la metodología utilizada, herramientas, estándares y lenguajes de programación, seguido de los resultados obtenidos de su implementación y finalmente se pre-sentará el mismo como una herramienta tentativa de utilización para el resto de las empresas regionales.Sociedad Argentina de Informática e Investigación Operativa (SADIO