ONG's ambientalistas en la provincia de Misiones: prácticas políticas, organizativas e institucionales en relación con la construcción de obras hidroeléctricas

El presente trabajo abordará las prácticas políticas-institucionales-organizativas de las ONG´s ambientalistas en la provincia de Misiones en relación con la construcción de obras hidroeléctricas. La misma busca comprender dichas prácticas, para conocer los orígenes y desempeño en la ámbito político, atendiendo sus características organizativas e identificando el “lugar” desde el cual se fueron conformando como organizaciones ambientalistas de oposición a las represas y observando en qué medida sus acciones repercutieron o no en el ámbito socio-político. Además se pretende analizar el desempeño de estas organizaciones a nivel local y las alianzas que estableció con otras organizaciones afines, realizando una aproximación hacia el conocimiento y comprensión de las concepciones diferentes y antagónicas que tienen estas ONG´s sobre los proyectos hidroeléctricos en la provincia.Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació

Prácticas productivas y de organización familiar de los pequeños productores de San Javier Misiones

La presente ponencia tiene por objetivo exponer acerca de las prácticas de producción y reproducción, que realizan las familias de pequeños productores de San Javier Misiones, relacionadas con sus modos de vida y organización. La producción de estos pequeños productores, se ve permeada por problemas relacionados con la pequeña escala de su producción, que los condiciona a combinar el cultivo principal de su agricultura, la caña de azúcar, con otras actividades económicas y estratégicas para el sustento de la unidad familiar. Estos productores en particular presentan en este sentido, la condición de semi-asalariados, esto es la incorporación de alguno de sus miembros en actividades laborales fuera del predio. La agricultura familiar, como “forma de vida” de estos productores, significa la integración de la unidad doméstica y la unidad productiva, en la que las familias aportan la fracción predominante de la fuerza de trabajo, como también intervienen en la trasmisión de valores, la construcción del género y la conformación de redes relacionales entre vecinos y familiares.Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació

Relações familiares e o convivívio social entre idosos = Family relationship and social interaction among elderly

Esta pesquisa surgiu da necessidade em conhecer a percepção dos idosos sobre seus relacionamentos sociais, familiares e com os grupos de convivência dos quais participam no Brasil e na Espanha. A metodologia utilizada é quali-quantitativa. Os resultados parciais mostram a satisfação dos idosos (97%) com as relações estabelecidas nos grupos de amigos, formados principalmente a partir de grupos de convivência para a terceira idade, e apontam para uma população idosa com características ligadas à independência e autonomia, mais ativa e satisfeita com suas relações familiares e de amizade. Percebe-se uma preocupação especial com a qualidade de vida por parte do idoso, sendo a convivência e as atividades realizadas nos grupos fatores importantes para uma melhora significativa na saúde física e menta

Slenderness in Wall-frame Systems: Corrective factors for the Valley of Mexico

Introduction: The methodologies and procedures used in the design of buildings shown in the Mexico City Building Regulations 2017 are based on reliability and performance techniques, however, the factors applied in this standard for irregular systems are based on engineering practice. Objective: The objective of this research is to obtain corrective factors applicable to the Mexican standards for the design of concrete structures with slenderness characteristics and with frame-wall system. Methodology: The analysis, design and comparison of two families of concrete buildings with dual system, the first family is characterized by complying with the requirements of regularity delimited in the norms, the second family breaks with the requirement of slenderness, both families are formed by buildings of 11, 15 and 20 levels. For each building, a sample of at least 50 buildings was created using the Monte Carlo method, varying their mechanical and geometric properties, live loads, dead loads and seismic actions. The samples were evaluated by means of a reliability analysis and then compared. Results: Recommendations are given for obtaining reliability and performance based factors associated with specific ground acceleration and different degrees of slenderness. Conclusions: The Mexico City Building Regulations only contemplate the slenderness irregularity factor when the height/base ratio is greater than 4 and there is also another irregularity in the building. This study shows that infrastructures with slenderness ratios greater than 4 should be considered as irregular and a corrective factor should be applied according to their degree of slenderness, this in turn without having infringed any other irregularityIntroduction: The methodologies and procedures used in the design of buildings shown in the Mexico City Building Regulations 2017 are based on reliability and performance techniques, however, the factors applied in this standard for irregular systems are based on engineering practice. Objective: The aim of this research is to obtain corrective factors applicable to the Mexican standards for the design of concrete structures with slenderness characteristics and with frame-wall system. Methodology: The analysis, design and comparison of two families of concrete buildings with dual system, the first family is characterized by complying with the requirements of regularity delimited in the regulations, the second family breaks with the requirement of slenderness, both families are formed by buildings of 11, 15 and 20 levels. For each building, a sample of at least 50 buildings was created using the Montecarlo method, varying their mechanical and geometric properties, live loads, dead loads and seismic actions. The samples were evaluated by means of a reliability analysis and then compared. Results: Recommendations are given for obtaining reliability and performance based factors associated with specific ground acceleration and different degrees of slenderness. Conclusions: The Mexico City Building Regulations only considers the slenderness irregularity factor when the height/base ratio is greater than 4 and there is also another irregularity in the building. This study shows that buildings with slenderness ratios greater than 4 should be considered as irregular and a corrective factor should be applied according to their degree of slenderness, this in turn without having infringed any other irregularity

Metodología de desarrollo de herramientas informáticas didácticas para el aprendizaje del cálculo diferencial e integral

Este trabajo plantea la conjunción de dos problemáticas importantes en el ámbito educativo universitario, la didáctica de la matemática y la aplicación de la Ingeniería de Software. Surge en el marco del proyecto PIDA: “Metodología de desarrollo de herramientas informáticas didácticas para el aprendizaje del Cálculo Diferencial e Integral”, donde se propone aprovechar los recursos de la Universidad (docentes, alumnos y saberes) de manera de producir nuevos conocimientos y nuevas estrategias de enseñanza que serán usadas en la cátedra de Cálculo Diferencial e Integral de 1er año de las carreras de Licenciatura en Sistemas de Información de la Universidad Autónoma de Entre Ríos. El resultado de la ejecución de la investigación será el desarrollo e implementación de un Aplicativo Web, diseñado sobre un tema específico de la cátedra, el cual será utilizado como material de estudio de la misma.Eje: Tecnología Informática Aplicada en EducaciónRed de Universidades con Carreras en Informática (RedUNCI

Efeito na motilidade gástrica em ratos de Equisetum giganteum L. n.v. cola de caballo, Cortaderia selloana (Schult & Schltz. f.) n.v. cortadera, Anthemis cotula L. n.v. manzanilla amarga e Atriplex undulata D. Dietr. n.v. zampa blanca

Previous studies determined that the oral administration of hydroalcoholic extracts obtained from the aerial parts of Equisetum giganteum L. n.v. cola de caballo, Cortaderia selloana (Schult & Schultz. f.) n.v. cortadera, Anthemis cotula L. n.v. manzanilla amarga y Atriplex undulata D. Dietr. n.v. zampa blanca prevent gastric ulcers induced by hypothermia and immobilization in mice. The formation of gastric ulcers in this experimental model is caused by a decrease in cytoprotective factors and by a mechanical erosive effect produced in the mucosa by increased gastric motility. In order to determine whether these extracts produce a decrease in gastric motility, in this study gastric emptying of a radiopaque substance was observed by taking radiographs at 0, 60, 100 and 160 minutes after the start of the test. A delay in gastric emptying time with respect to the control group animals was interpreted as a decrease in motility. The results of this work allow us to conclude that all the extracts of Atriplex undulata, Equisetum giganteum, Cortaderia Selloana and Anthemis cotula show an inhibitory effect on gastric motility from higher to lower respectivelyEstudios previos determinaron que la administración oral de extractos hidroalcohólicos obtenidos a partir de partes aéreas de Equisetum giganteum L. n.v. cola de caballo, Cortaderia selloana (Schultz&Schultz. f.) n.v. cortadera, Anthemis cotula L. n.v. manzanilla amarga y Atriplex undulata D. Dietr. n.v. zampa blanca, previenen las úlceras gástricas inducidas por hipotermia e inmovilización en ratones. La formación de las úlceras gástricas por estrés en este modelo experimentales provocada por una disminución de los factores citoprotectores y por un efecto erosivo mecánico producido en la mucosa por aumento de la motilidad gástrica. Con el objetivo de determinar si estos extractos producen una disminución de la motilidad gástrica, en este trabajo se observó el vaciado gástrico de una sustancia radiopaca tomando radiografías a los 0,60, 100 y 160 minutos de iniciado el ensayo. Un retraso en el tiempo de vaciado gástrico con respecto a los animales del grupo testigo se interpretó como una disminución de la motilidad. Los resultados de este trabajo permiten concluir que todos los extractos de Atriplex undulata, Equisetum giganteum, Cortaderia selloana y Anthemis cotula exhiben efecto inhibitorio sobre la motilidad gástrica de mayor a menor respectivamente.Estudos anteriores determinaram que a administração oral de extratos hidroalcoólicos obtidos das partes aéreas de Equisetum giganteum L. n.v. cola de caballo, Cortaderia selloana (Schult & Schltz. f.) n.v. cortadera, Anthemis cotula L. n.v. manzanilla amarga e Atriplex undulata D. Dietr. n.v. zampa blanca, previnem úlceras gástricas induzidas por hipotermia e imobilização em camundongos. A formação de úlceras gástricas devido ao estresse neste modelo experimental é causada pela diminuição dos fatores citoprotetores e por um efeito erosivo mecânico produzido na mucosa pelo aumento da motilidade gástrica. A fim de determinar se esses extratos produzem uma diminuição na motilidade gástrica, neste estudo, o esvaziamento gástrico de uma substância radiopaca foi observado por meio de radiografias em 0,60, 100 e 160 minutos após o início do ensaio. Um atraso no tempo de esvaziamento gástrico em relação aos animais do grupo controle foi interpretado como diminuição da motilidade. Os resultados deste trabalho permitem concluir que todos os extratos de Atriplex undulata, Equisetum giganteum, Cortaderia selloana e Anthemis cotula apresentam efeito inibitório na motilidade gástrica de maior para menor, respectivamente.respectivamente

Maternal psychological and biological factors associated to gestational complications

Early detection of gestational complications is a priority in obstetrics. In our social context, this is linked to maternity age. Most studies are focused on biological factors. However, pregnancy is also influenced by social and psychological factors, which have not been deeply explored. We aimed to identify biopsychosocial risk and protective factors associated with the development of maternal and fetal complications. We enrolled 182 healthy pregnant women, and plasma melatonin and cortisol levels were measured in the first trimester by chemiluminescent immunoassays. At different time points along gestation, women answered several questionnaires (positive and negative affect schedule, hospital anxiety and depression scale, pregnancy concerns scale, life orientation test, resilience scale, life satisfaction scale and life–work conflicts scale). They were followed up until delivery and categorized as normal pregnancy, maternal or fetal complications. Maternal complications were associated with low melatonin (OR = 0.99 [0.98; 1.00]; p-value = 0.08) and life satisfaction (OR = 0.64 [0.41; 0.93]; p-value = 0.03) and fetal complications were associated with high cortisol (OR = 1.06 [1.02; 1.13]; p-value = 0.04), anxiety (OR = 2.21 [1.10; 4.55]; p-value = 0.03) and life–work conflicts (OR = 1.92 [1.04; 3.75]; p-value = 0.05). We conclude that psychological factors influence pregnancy outcomes in association with melatonin and cortisol alterations. High maternal melatonin and life satisfaction levels could be potential protective factors against the development of maternal complications during pregnancy. Low anxiety and cortisol levels and reduced work–life conflicts could prevent fetal complication

Morphological and molecular characterization of the parasite Dipylidium caninum infecting an infant in Colombia. A case report

Background: Dipylidium caninum is the causal agent of dipylidiasis affecting mainly cats and dogs worldwide. Human cases of dipylidiasis are rare, and the diagnosis is prevalently based on morphological features of the parasite. Here we report the diagnosis of dipylidiasis through morphological and molecular characterization of D. caninum infecting an 11‐month‐old boy in Cajicá, Colombia. Methods: Fresh faecal samples were obtained from the infant, and morphological identification of the parasite was performed through faecal smears. DNA was extracted from proglottids and used in PCR analyses for amplification of a 653‐bp fragment of the nuclear ribosomal RNA (rRNA) encoding the 28S rRNA gene. A phylogeny study to better characterize the obtained DNA sequence was inferred using the maximum likelihood method and the Tamura‐Nei model. Results: After morphological and molecular analyses, D. caninum was identified as the etiological agent causing the infection in the infant. Results of phylogenetical analyses showed that the obtained sequence clusters within the feline genotype clade. After the diagnosis of the parasite, effective treatment with praziquantel was administered to the infant. Conclusions: This is the third human case of dipylidiasis reported in Colombia, and the first study in South America to provide a molecular identification of D. caninum

Deserción en bachillerato y situación laboral: el caso de tres liceos cercanos a Montevideo.

Abstract. The aim of this paper is to analyze the views and hopes from students and principals involved in the final courses of high school in three schools near Montevideo (Solís de Mataojo, Tala, and Rincón de la Bolsa) about drop-out high rates; it attempts to distinguish the specific features that this phenomena acquires in these areas. We have entered into a field of study connected with the problems of these young people who drop out final courses of high school and early enter in different jobs (related to agricultural and livestock production and industry) following, in many cases, their family labor level and being drifted, maybe forever, from a possible postsecondary or university education.Resumen. El propósito de este trabajo es indagar acerca de las representaciones y expectativas que manejan estudiantes y directores vinculados al Bachillerato del Interior cercanos a Montevideo, en particular Solís de Mataojo, Tala y Rincón de la Bolsa, respecto a los altos índices de deserción intentando configurar las características específicas que el fenómeno adquiere en estos ámbitos. Hemos incursionado en un campo de investigación vinculado con la problemática de estos jóvenes que desertan del Bachillerato y se insertan tempranamente en diferentes puestos de trabajo (afines a la producción agropecuaria e industrial) siguiendo muchas veces el nivel de trabajo de sus familiares y que los aleja, quizás definitivamente, de una posible formación en estudios terciarios o universitarios

Effects of thermal stress on the expression of glucocorticoid receptor complex linked genes in Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis): Acute and adaptive stress responses

The present study examined the short and mid-term effects of a rise in temperature from 18 ºC to 24 ºC on the expression of genes related to the stress response regulation in juveniles of Senegalese sole, Solea senegalensis. The animals were exposed to a temperature increase of 6 °C, after 1 month of acclimation at 18 ºC. After this process, samples of different tissues were collected from a total of 96 fish at four sampling points: 1 hour, 24 hours, 3 days and 1 week. The transcript levels of a set of genes involved in the stress response such as glucocorticoid receptors 1 and 2, corticotrophin-releasing factor, corticotrophin-releasing factor binding proteins, proopiomelanocortin A and B, and cellular stress defense (heat shock protein 70, 90AA and 90AB) were quantified at these sampling points. Additionally, blood samples were also taken to measure the circulating plasma cortisol concentration.  Thermal stress induced by increasing temperature prompted an elevation of plasma cortisol levels in juvenile Senegalese sole after 1 h as a short-term response, and a consecutive increase after one week, as a mid-term response.. Senegalese sole seemed to respond positively in terms of adaptive mechanisms, with a rapid over-expression of grs and hsps in liver and brain, significantly higher after one hour post stress, denoting the fast and acute response of those tissues to a rapid change on temperature. The ratio hsp90/gr also increased 24 h after thermal shock, ratio proposed to be an adaptive mechanism to prevent proteosomal degradation of GR. As a mid-term response, the elevation of brain crfbp gene expression one week after thermal shock could be an adaptive mechanism of negative feedback on HPI axis Taken together, these data suggested an initial up-regulation of the glucocorticoid receptor complex linked genes in response to a temperature increase in Senegalese sole, with heat shock protein 90 potentially being a regulatory factor for the glucocorticoid receptor in the presence of cortisol