Pola Spasial Permukiman Kampoeng Batik Laweyan, Surakarta

Settlement is an entity from culture and existence of human to live, grow and survive. Man creates house in an environment as they need. Forming process of the settlement affected by physical and non-physical thing, such as social culture system, economy, government, education, or technology. Laweyan Village, Surakarta, is one of settlement which in its forming process affected by these factors. The society that has became batik workers and seller since 15th century form a special spatial pattern and settlement characteristic make it interesting to be researched with qualitative-descriptive method. The built and unbuilt areas of the settlement formed grid-linear settlement pattern. The un built areas are used for circulation as narrow streets or public squares. Public squares in settlement‟s nodes and private squares inside the dwellings kavling. The city image elements are nodes and landmarks. Settlement node as activity intersection. Batik statue and Al-Makmoer mosque as landmarks

RAFT dispersion polymerization of benzyl methacrylate in non-polar media using hydrogenated polybutadiene as a steric stabilizer block

A monohydroxy-capped hydrogenated polybutadiene (PhBD) is converted into a macromolecular chain transfer agent via esterification using a carboxylic acid-functionalized trithiocarbonate. 1H NMR and UV spectroscopy studies indicated a mean degree of esterification of at least 95%. The resulting precursor is used for the reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) dispersion polymerization of benzyl methacrylate (BzMA) in n-dodecane at 90 °C. In principle, systematic variation of the mean degree of polymerization (DP) of the insoluble structure-directing PBzMA block should enable the formation of PhBD–PBzMA spheres, worms or vesicles via polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA). In practice, only kinetically-trapped spheres are obtained when targeting DPs of up to 300 at 25% w/w solids. However, increasing the copolymer concentration up to 40% or 45% w/w provides access to well-defined worms or vesicles, respectively. Gel permeation chromatography and 1H NMR spectroscopy studies confirmed relatively narrow molecular weight distributions (Mw/Mn < 1.20) and high final BzMA conversions (≥99%), respectively. These diblock copolymer nano-objects were characterized in terms of their particle size and morphology using TEM and DLS and a phase diagram was constructed. According to rheology studies, the free-standing worm gels that are formed at ambient temperature have a critical gelation concentration of approximately 5.0% w/w

On rate of convergence in distribution of asymptotically normal statistics based on samples of random size

In the present paper we prove a general theorem which gives the rates of convergence in distribution of asymptotically normal statistics based on samples of random size. The proof of the theorem uses the rates of convergences in distribution for the random size and for the statistics based on samples of nonrandom size

On Uniformly Sampling Traces of a Transition System (Extended Version)

A key problem in constrained random verification (CRV) concerns generation of input stimuli that result in good coverage of the system's runs in targeted corners of its behavior space. Existing CRV solutions however provide no formal guarantees on the distribution of the system's runs. In this paper, we take a first step towards solving this problem. We present an algorithm based on Algebraic Decision Diagrams for sampling bounded traces (i.e. sequences of states) of a sequential circuit with provable uniformity (or bias) guarantees, while satisfying given constraints. We have implemented our algorithm in a tool called TraceSampler. Extensive experiments show that TraceSampler outperforms alternative approaches that provide similar uniformity guarantees.Comment: Extended version of paper that will appear in proceedings of International Conference on Computer-Aided Design (ICCAD '20); changed wrong text color in sec 7; added 'extended version

An improvement of the Berry--Esseen inequality with applications to Poisson and mixed Poisson random sums

By a modification of the method that was applied in (Korolev and Shevtsova, 2009), here the inequalities $$\rho(F_n,\Phi)\le\frac{0.335789(\beta^3+0.425)}{\sqrt{n}}$$ and $$\rho(F_n,\Phi)\le \frac{0.3051(\beta^3+1)}{\sqrt{n}}$$ are proved for the uniform distance $\rho(F_n,\Phi)$ between the standard normal distribution function $\Phi$ and the distribution function $F_n$ of the normalized sum of an arbitrary number $n\ge1$ of independent identically distributed random variables with zero mean, unit variance and finite third absolute moment $\beta^3$. The first of these inequalities sharpens the best known version of the classical Berry--Esseen inequality since $0.335789(\beta^3+0.425)\le0.335789(1+0.425)\beta^3<0.4785\beta^3$ by virtue of the condition $\beta^3\ge1$, and 0.4785 is the best known upper estimate of the absolute constant in the classical Berry--Esseen inequality. The second inequality is applied to lowering the upper estimate of the absolute constant in the analog of the Berry--Esseen inequality for Poisson random sums to 0.3051 which is strictly less than the least possible value of the absolute constant in the classical Berry--Esseen inequality. As a corollary, the estimates of the rate of convergence in limit theorems for compound mixed Poisson distributions are refined.Comment: 33 page

An arrhythmogenic metabolite in atrial fibrillation

Abstract Background Long-chain acyl-carnitines (ACs) are potential arrhythmogenic metabolites. Their role in atrial fibrillation (AF) remains incompletely understood. Using a systems medicine approach, we assessed the contribution of C18:1AC to AF by analysing its in vitro effects on cardiac electrophysiology and metabolism, and translated our findings into the human setting. Methods and results Human iPSC-derived engineered heart tissue was exposed to C18:1AC. A biphasic effect on contractile force was observed: short exposure enhanced contractile force, but elicited spontaneous contractions and impaired Ca2+ handling. Continuous exposure provoked an impairment of contractile force. In human atrial mitochondria from AF individuals, C18:1AC inhibited respiration. In a population-based cohort as well as a cohort of patients, high C18:1AC serum concentrations were associated with the incidence and prevalence of AF. Conclusion Our data provide evidence for an arrhythmogenic potential of the metabolite C18:1AC. The metabolite interferes with mitochondrial metabolism, thereby contributing to contractile dysfunction and shows predictive potential as novel circulating biomarker for risk of AF

Ideology, regionalism, self-interest and tradition: An investigation into contemporary politics in northern Ghana

This article focuses on three concerns: (1) the historical and contemporary distinctiveness of the 'north' from the rest of Ghana; (2) the extent to which the 'north' is itself a distinct and united political entity; and (3) the relevance to the area of competing analyses of Ghanaian politics which emphasize: the continuing importance of a distinct 'northern' political consciousness; the role of competing Ghanaian political traditions based on ideology and related socio-economic divisions; the growth of conscious 'self-interest' on the part of individual voters; and the continued significance of local loyalties and rivalries, many of which pre-date the arrival of the British to the area in the final decades of the nineteenth century. The article argues that while no monocausal analysis of northern politics is adequate, longstanding internal divisions and rivalries, and distinct local issues, have been highly significant in determining the characteristics of its politics. It further suggests that whilst individual self-interest and ideological and related socio-economic differences have some role in determining the political sympathies and allegiances of members of the political elite, their independent role in determining voting patterns at the local level is limited. Longstanding local divisions and patterns of loyalty may vary in their intensity and impact from time to time, but nevertheless continue to have the potential to shape general political and specific electoral behaviour. Such an analysis is not peculiar to the north, with areas in the south and east also having significant traditional rivalries. It is, however, of particular significance in the north because of its history and the prevalence of common assumptions about the north's having a distinct political identity. Much of this article focuses on evidence gleaned from the 2004 elections, but it must be remembered that there are potentially serious limitations on the value of this source. In the first place it may be that electoral malpractice and various forms of vote rigging provide a distorted picture of what actually took place. While there were certainly attempts to buy votes in constituencies throughout the north, shooting incidents in Bawku and Tamale, and assaults and attempted assaults on election officials in at least three constituencies, the general impression was of a free, fair and credible election. Of more real significance, however, are the implicit features of an election - votes are aggregated so that we do not know the motivation behind individual voters' selections, and indeed each individual may have conflicting pressures and interests which have to be balanced into a single vote. It is certainly the contention here that underlying issues and actual electoral issues are not congruent; it is argued that only in a limited number of areas in the north did the underlying issues dominate the electoral outcome. It is, however, the potential for longstanding local divisions and loyalties to do so that is still significant today - and likely to remain so in the foreseeable future