Proceedings of OMAE '02: 21 ST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON OFFSHORE MECHANICS AND ARCTIC ENGINEERING OMAE2002-28307 CHALLENGES IN THE DESIGN OF AN OFFSHORE WIND TURBINE FOUNDATION FOR ARCTIC CONDITIONS

ABSTRACT NEG Micon's Yttre Stengrund Offshore Wind Turbines in the Kalmarsund, Sweden, are supported on unique foundations designed by AMEC. The chosen foundation comprised a steel monopile secured into a rock socket drilled out beneath a deep layer of overlying soil. Sea-ice loading and fatigue governed the design. To minimise the sea-ice loads the foundation was fitted with an ice protection shield. In order to achieve the required fatigue life, time domain simulations were conducted to determine the response of the turbine to combined wind and wave action. Details of the fatigue analyses and methods used to calculate the sea-ice loading are presented herein

Proceedings of OMAE '02: 21 ST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON OFFSHORE MECHANICS AND ARCTIC ENGINEERING OMAE2002-28307 CHALLENGES IN THE DESIGN OF AN OFFSHORE WIND TURBINE FOUNDATION FOR ARCTIC CONDITIONS

ABSTRACT NEG Micon's Yttre Stengrund Offshore Wind Turbines in the Kalmarsund, Sweden, are supported on unique foundations designed by AMEC. The chosen foundation comprised a steel monopile secured into a rock socket drilled out beneath a deep layer of overlying soil. Sea-ice loading and fatigue governed the design. To minimise the sea-ice loads the foundation was fitted with an ice protection shield. In order to achieve the required fatigue life, time domain simulations were conducted to determine the response of the turbine to combined wind and wave action. Details of the fatigue analyses and methods used to calculate the sea-ice loading are presented herein

SYSTEMS AND SAFETY ENGINEERING -A COMBINED APPROACH DURING CONCEPT DESIGN AND BEYOND

SUMMARY The increasing complexity of a platform, its systems and equipment, and the commercial pressures to reduce the costs and timescales associated with programme delivery are driving many organisations to re-consider their approach to design management. These pressures in conjunction with the need to provide robust and proactive evidence that platforms have adequately embedded safety within their designs has resulted in systems engineering approaches being adopted to manage safety and to assist in the reduction of overall technical, programme and commercial risk. An integrated approach to safety and systems engineering is fundamental to organisational success. A top down decomposition provided by a robust systems engineering approach identifies the responsibilities, requirements and interfaces against which safety claims and arguments can be made. This means that safety becomes an inherent and integral feature of the design before any commitment to hardware and software solutions is made. This paper discusses the influencing factors within the UK Ministry of Defence (MoD) that have resulted in a move towards the use of systems engineering for the development of coherent Safety Cases and Requirements Sets for its programmes. It draws on the experiences and understanding of the authors who are currently heavily involved in a major procurement project within the UK MoD and aims to present a framework approach that can be used across projects from different domains