An Explainable Model for Fault Detection in HPC Systems

Large supercomputers are composed of numerous components that risk to break down or behave in unwanted manners. Identifying broken components is a daunting task for system administrators. Hence an automated tool would be a boon for the systems resiliency. The wealth of data available in a supercomputer can be used for this task. In this work we propose an approach to take advantage of holistic data centre monitoring, system administrator node status labeling and an explainable model for fault detection in supercomputing nodes. The proposed model aims at classifying the different states of the computing nodes thanks to the labeled data describing the supercomputer behaviour, data which is typically collected by system administrators but not integrated in holistic monitoring infrastructure for data center automation. In comparison the other method, the one proposed here is robust and provide explainable predictions. The model has been trained and validated on data gathered from a tier-0 supercomputer in production

SAT0280 IMPACT OF PLACENTAL FACTORS ON PREGNANCY AND FETAL OUTCOME IN SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS

Background:Systemic Sclerosis (SSc) is one of the rheumatic diseases burdened with obstetrical complications. An Italian multicenter study showed that women with SSc have a higher-than-normal risk of intrauterine growth restriction, preterm delivery, very-low birth weight babies and pregnancy should be discouraged in patients with severe organ damage. However, with a multidisciplinary management, patients with SSc can have successful outcomes1. Little is known about the pathogenesis of obstetrical complications, as studies on placenta are case reports or description of a few cases2,3.Objectives:The aim of this study was to analyze the placental alterations with a focus on the role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of obstetrical complications in SSc, including the study of the atypical chemokine receptor 2 (ACKR2), involved in immune modulation and known to be highly expressed in circulating leucocytes in SSc patients4-6.Methods:Eight SSc pregnant patients were compared with 16 patients with other rheumatic diseases (ORD) and 16 healthy controls (HC), matched for gestational age. Clinical data were collected. Placentas biopsies were obtained for histopathological analysis and immunohistochemistry for CD3, CD20, CD11c, CD68 and ACKR2. Frozen placenta samples from 4 SSc, 8 ORD and 8 HC were analyzed by qPCR for ACKR2 gene expression and proteins were extracted for multiplex assay for cytokines, chemokines and growth factors involved in angiogenesis and inflammation. Statistical analysis was performed with parametric or non-parametric tests depending on samples distribution.Results:The number of placental CD3 (p<0.05), CD68 (p<0.001) and CD11c+ (p<0.001) cells was significantly higher considering the group of patients affected by rheumatic diseases (SSc+ORD) compared to HC. The SSc group alone did not show significance due to the lower sample size. No differences were observed between groups in terms of vascular alterations or fibrosis. The percentage of stained area for ACKR2 and the ACKR2 transcripts levels were comparable between groups. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), involved in angiogenesis, was significantly increased in the group of rheumatic diseases patients (SSc+ORD) compared to HC (p<0.05), while the chemokine CCL5 was significantly higher in SSc patients compared to patients affected by ORD (p<0.05) and to HC (p<0.01). CCL5 levels directly correlated with the number of all inflammatory cells considered and higher levels were associated to histological villitis (p<0.01).Conclusion:The higher number of placental inflammatory cells and the alterations in the levels of HGF and especially CCL5 could play a role in the pathogenesis of the obstetrical complications in SSc. ACKR2 does not seem involved in the obstetrical complications of SSc.References:[1]Taraborelli M, et al. Arthritis Rheum. 2012[2]Ibba-Manneschi L, et al. Ann Rheum Dis. 2010[3]Doss BJ, et al. Hum Pathol. 1998[4]Graham GJ. Eur J Immunol. 2009[5]Martinez de la Torre Y, et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007[6]Codullo V, et al. Ann Rheum Dis. 2011Disclosure of Interests:None declare

Effect of vessel wettability on the foamability of "ideal" surfactants and "real-world" beer heads

The ability to tailor the foaming properties of a solution by controlling its chemical composition is highly desirable and has been the subject of extensive research driven by a range of applications. However, the control of foams by varying the wettability of the foaming vessel has been less widely reported. This work investigates the effect of the wettability of the side walls of vessels used for the in situ generation of foam by shaking aqueous solutions of three different types of model surfactant systems (non-ionic, anionic and cationic surfactants) along with four different beers (Guinness Original, Banks’s Bitter, Bass No 1 and Harvest Pale). We found that hydrophilic vials increased the foamability only for the three model systems but increased foam stability for all foams except the model cationic system. We then compared stability of beer foams produced by shaking and pouring and demonstrated weak qualitative agreement between both foam methods. We also showed how wettability of the glass controls bubble nucleation for beers and champagne and used this effect to control exactly where bubbles form using simple wettability patterns

Early, incomplete, or preclinical autoimmune systemic rheumatic diseases and pregnancy outcome

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of preclinical systemic autoimmune rheumatic disorders on pregnancy outcome. METHODS: In this longitudinal cohort study, patients were enrolled during the first trimester of pregnancy if they reported having had connective tissue disorder symptoms, were found to be positive for circulating autoantibodies, and on clinical evaluation were judged to have a preclinical or incomplete rheumatic disorder. The incidence of fetal growth restriction (FGR), preeclampsia, and adverse pregnancy outcomes in patients with preclinical rheumatic disorders was compared with that in selected controls, after adjustment for confounders by penalized logistic regression. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated. RESULTS: Of 5,232 women screened, 150 (2.9%) were initially diagnosed as having a suspected rheumatic disorder. After a mean\u2009\ub1\u2009SD postpartum follow-up of 16.7\u2009\ub1\u20095.5 months, 64 of these women (42.7%) had no clinically apparent rheumatic disease and 86 (57.3%) had persistent symptoms and positive autoantibody results, including 10 (6.7%) who developed a definitive rheumatic disease. The incidences of preeclampsia/FGR and of small for gestational age (SGA) infants were 5.1% (23 of 450) and 9.3% (42 of 450), respectively, among controls, 12.5% (8 of 640) (OR 2.7 [95% CI 1.1-6.4]) and 18.8% (12 of 64) (OR 2.2 [95% CI 1.1-4.5]), respectively, among women with no clinically apparent disease, and 16.3% (14 of 86) (OR 3.8 [95% CI 1.9-7.7]) and 18.6% (16 of 86) (OR 2.3 [95% CI 1.2-4.3]), respectively, among those with persisting symptoms at follow-up. Mean\u2009\ub1\u2009SD umbilical artery Doppler pulsatility indices were higher among women with no clinically apparent disease (0.95\u2009\ub1\u20090.2) and those with persisting symptoms (0.96\u2009\ub1\u20090.21) than in controls (0.89\u2009\ub1\u20090.12) (P\u2009=\u20090.01 and P\u2009&lt;\u20090.001, respectively). CONCLUSION: In our study population, preclinical rheumatic disorders were associated with an increased risk of FGR/preeclampsia and SGA. The impact of these findings and their utility in screening for FGR/preeclampsia need to be confirmed in population studies

Molecular, anatomical and physiological properties of a genetically modified soybean line transformed with rd29A:AtDREB1A for the improvement of drought tolerance.

We evaluated the molecular, anatomical and physiological properties of a soybean line transformed to improve drought tolerance with an rd29A:AtDREB1A construct. This construct expressed dehydration- responsive element binding protein DREB1A from the stress-inducible rd29A promoter. The greenhouse growth test included four randomized blocks of soybean plants, with each treatment performed in triplicate. Seeds from the non-transformed soybean cultivar BR16 and from the genetically modified soybean P58 line (T2 generation) were grown at 15% gravimetric humidity for 31 days. To induce water deficit, the humidity was reduced to 5% gravimetric humidity (moderate stress) for 29 days and then to 2.5% gravimetric humidity (severe stress). AtDREB1A gene expression was higher in the genetically modified P58 plants during water deficit, demonstrating transgene stability in T2 generations and induction of the rd29A promoter. Drought-response genes, including GmPI-PLC, GmSTP, GmGRP, and GmLEA14, were highly expressed in plants submitted to severe stress. Genetically modified plants had higher stomatal conductance and consequently higher photosynthetic and transpiration rates. In addition, they had more chlorophyll. Overexpression of AtDREB1A may contribute to a decrease in leaf thickness; however, a thicker abaxial epidermis was observed. Overexpression of AtDREB1A in soybean appears to enhance drought tolerance

Phenotyping soybean plants transformed with rd29A:AtDREB1A for drought tolerance in the greenhouse and field.

The development of drought tolerant plants is a high priority because the area suffering from drought is expected to increase in the future due to global warming. One strategy for the development of drought tolerance is to genetically engineer plants with transcription factors (TFs) that regulate the expression of several genes related to abiotic stress defense responses. This work assessed the performance of soybean plants overexpressing the TF DREB1A under drought conditions in the field and in the greenhouse. Drought was simulated in the greenhouse by progressively drying the soil of pot cultures of the P58 and P1142 lines. In the field, the performance of the P58 line and of 09D-0077, a cross between the cultivarsBR16andP58,was evaluated under four different water regimes: irrigation, natural drought (no irrigation) and water stress created using rain-out shelters in the vegetative or reproductive stages. Although the dehydration-responsive element-binding protein (DREB) plants did not outperform the cultivar BR16 in terms of yield, some yield components were increased when drought was introduced during the vegetative stage, such as the number of seeds, the number of pods with seeds and the total number of pods. The greenhouse data suggest that the higher survival rates ofDREB plants are because of lowerwater use due to lower transpiration rates under well watered conditions. Further studies are needed to better characterize the soil and atmospheric conditions under which these plants may outperform the non-transformed parental plants