Etude longitudinale de supplementation precoce par le fer au cours de la grossesse

SIGLECNRS T Bordereau / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueFRFranc

Hybrid network modelling in a “criminal field” : social sciences and software tools contribution to criminal intelligence

Ce travail, fondamentalement pluridisciplinaire, est une thèse CIFRE, sous la direction de l’Institut de Recherche Montesquieu, financé par l’entreprise Intactile DESIGN et en partenariat avec le Service Central du Renseignement Criminel de la Gendarmerie Nationale.Il a pour objet de proposer une méthodologie d’analyse et de modélisation des réseaux criminels appuyant l’analyste dans son travail et aboutissant à des modèles adaptés aux cas d’usages traités. L’objectif est de permettre de détecter des patterns dans les données afin d’identifier les individus occupant les positions et fonctions clefs au sein d’un réseau donné.Il s’agit d’appréhender et décrypter les réseaux criminels par des connaissances sociologiques, l’expertise des enquêteurs et analystes, ainsi que la combinaison de méthodes de modélisation issues de l’Analyse de Réseaux Sociaux (ARS), de l’analyse criminelle, de la sémantique, de la statistique, ou encore de l’informatique.Le travail consiste en l’analyse, d’un point de vue sociologique et sociométrique, de la structure et du fonctionnement du réseau criminel issu du cas d’usage à disposition, à savoir une enquête de grande envergure sur une organisation de trafic de fonds et de blanchiment en France.La première phase consiste à développer un premier modèle permettant d’extraire du graphe n-modes brut le réseau un-mode de personnes. Dans un deuxième temps, des calculs de sociométrie seront effectués sur le réseau social ainsi obtenu. Enfin, ces résultats seront interprétés et discutés sous le prisme de la théorie du champ social de Bourdieu.L’objectif est de proposer un modèle concret applicable par les analystes criminels sur les données telles qu’elles sont collectées par les enquêteurs.This research, which is multi-disciplinary, is a CIFRE phD, under the direction of the Institut de Recherche Montesquieu, funded by the Intactile DESIGN company, and in partnership with the Service Central de Renseignement Criminel of the Gendarmerie Nationale.It aims to propose a methodology to analyse and model criminal networks supporting the analyst in his work and resulting in models fitting the handled use cases. The goal is to be able to detect patterns and to identify the individuals holding key positions and fonctions in a given network.It is about apprehending and deciphering criminal networks by sociological knowledge, investigators’ and analysts’ expertise, and modelling methods derived from Social Network Analysis (SNA), criminal analysis, semantics, statistics or informatics.The work consists in the analysis, from a sociological and sociometrical perspective, of the structure and functioning of the criminal network derived from the studied use case, which is a huge investigation on a funds trafficking and money laundering organisation in France.The first step consists in building a model allowing to extract the one-mode network of individuals from the raw n-modes graph. In a second time, sociometrical measurements will be applied to the social network thus obtained. Finally, these results will be interpreted and discussed under the prism of Bourdieu’s theory of the social field.The purpose is to build a model concrete and appliable by the criminal analysts on the data as they are collected by the investigators

Hybrid network modelling in a “criminal field” : social sciences and software tools contribution to criminal intelligence

Ce travail, fondamentalement pluridisciplinaire, est une thèse CIFRE, sous la direction de l’Institut de Recherche Montesquieu, financé par l’entreprise Intactile DESIGN et en partenariat avec le Service Central du Renseignement Criminel de la Gendarmerie Nationale.Il a pour objet de proposer une méthodologie d’analyse et de modélisation des réseaux criminels appuyant l’analyste dans son travail et aboutissant à des modèles adaptés aux cas d’usages traités. L’objectif est de permettre de détecter des patterns dans les données afin d’identifier les individus occupant les positions et fonctions clefs au sein d’un réseau donné.Il s’agit d’appréhender et décrypter les réseaux criminels par des connaissances sociologiques, l’expertise des enquêteurs et analystes, ainsi que la combinaison de méthodes de modélisation issues de l’Analyse de Réseaux Sociaux (ARS), de l’analyse criminelle, de la sémantique, de la statistique, ou encore de l’informatique.Le travail consiste en l’analyse, d’un point de vue sociologique et sociométrique, de la structure et du fonctionnement du réseau criminel issu du cas d’usage à disposition, à savoir une enquête de grande envergure sur une organisation de trafic de fonds et de blanchiment en France.La première phase consiste à développer un premier modèle permettant d’extraire du graphe n-modes brut le réseau un-mode de personnes. Dans un deuxième temps, des calculs de sociométrie seront effectués sur le réseau social ainsi obtenu. Enfin, ces résultats seront interprétés et discutés sous le prisme de la théorie du champ social de Bourdieu.L’objectif est de proposer un modèle concret applicable par les analystes criminels sur les données telles qu’elles sont collectées par les enquêteurs.This research, which is multi-disciplinary, is a CIFRE phD, under the direction of the Institut de Recherche Montesquieu, funded by the Intactile DESIGN company, and in partnership with the Service Central de Renseignement Criminel of the Gendarmerie Nationale.It aims to propose a methodology to analyse and model criminal networks supporting the analyst in his work and resulting in models fitting the handled use cases. The goal is to be able to detect patterns and to identify the individuals holding key positions and fonctions in a given network.It is about apprehending and deciphering criminal networks by sociological knowledge, investigators’ and analysts’ expertise, and modelling methods derived from Social Network Analysis (SNA), criminal analysis, semantics, statistics or informatics.The work consists in the analysis, from a sociological and sociometrical perspective, of the structure and functioning of the criminal network derived from the studied use case, which is a huge investigation on a funds trafficking and money laundering organisation in France.The first step consists in building a model allowing to extract the one-mode network of individuals from the raw n-modes graph. In a second time, sociometrical measurements will be applied to the social network thus obtained. Finally, these results will be interpreted and discussed under the prism of Bourdieu’s theory of the social field.The purpose is to build a model concrete and appliable by the criminal analysts on the data as they are collected by the investigators

Modélisation hybride de réseaux dans un "champ criminel" : contribution des sciences sociales et d'outils logiciels au renseignement criminel

This research, which is multi-disciplinary, is a CIFRE phD, under the direction of the Institut de Recherche Montesquieu, funded by the Intactile DESIGN company, and in partnership with the Service Central de Renseignement Criminel of the Gendarmerie Nationale.It aims to propose a methodology to analyse and model criminal networks supporting the analyst in his work and resulting in models fitting the handled use cases. The goal is to be able to detect patterns and to identify the individuals holding key positions and fonctions in a given network.It is about apprehending and deciphering criminal networks by sociological knowledge, investigators’ and analysts’ expertise, and modelling methods derived from Social Network Analysis (SNA), criminal analysis, semantics, statistics or informatics.The work consists in the analysis, from a sociological and sociometrical perspective, of the structure and functioning of the criminal network derived from the studied use case, which is a huge investigation on a funds trafficking and money laundering organisation in France.The first step consists in building a model allowing to extract the one-mode network of individuals from the raw n-modes graph. In a second time, sociometrical measurements will be applied to the social network thus obtained. Finally, these results will be interpreted and discussed under the prism of Bourdieu’s theory of the social field.The purpose is to build a model concrete and appliable by the criminal analysts on the data as they are collected by the investigators.Ce travail, fondamentalement pluridisciplinaire, est une thèse CIFRE, sous la direction de l’Institut de Recherche Montesquieu, financé par l’entreprise Intactile DESIGN et en partenariat avec le Service Central du Renseignement Criminel de la Gendarmerie Nationale.Il a pour objet de proposer une méthodologie d’analyse et de modélisation des réseaux criminels appuyant l’analyste dans son travail et aboutissant à des modèles adaptés aux cas d’usages traités. L’objectif est de permettre de détecter des patterns dans les données afin d’identifier les individus occupant les positions et fonctions clefs au sein d’un réseau donné.Il s’agit d’appréhender et décrypter les réseaux criminels par des connaissances sociologiques, l’expertise des enquêteurs et analystes, ainsi que la combinaison de méthodes de modélisation issues de l’Analyse de Réseaux Sociaux (ARS), de l’analyse criminelle, de la sémantique, de la statistique, ou encore de l’informatique.Le travail consiste en l’analyse, d’un point de vue sociologique et sociométrique, de la structure et du fonctionnement du réseau criminel issu du cas d’usage à disposition, à savoir une enquête de grande envergure sur une organisation de trafic de fonds et de blanchiment en France.La première phase consiste à développer un premier modèle permettant d’extraire du graphe n-modes brut le réseau un-mode de personnes. Dans un deuxième temps, des calculs de sociométrie seront effectués sur le réseau social ainsi obtenu. Enfin, ces résultats seront interprétés et discutés sous le prisme de la théorie du champ social de Bourdieu.L’objectif est de proposer un modèle concret applicable par les analystes criminels sur les données telles qu’elles sont collectées par les enquêteurs

Retrospective National “Real Life” Experience of the SFCE with the Metronomic MEMMAT and MEMMAT-like Protocol

Background: Relapses in pediatric high-risk brain tumors remain unmet medical needs. Over the last 15 years, metronomic chemotherapy has gradually emerged as an alternative therapeutic approach. Patients and Methods: This is a national retrospective study of patients with relapsing pediatric brain tumors treated according to the MEMMAT or MEMMAT-like regimen from 2010 to 2022. Treatment consisted of daily oral thalidomide, fenofibrate, and celecoxib, and alternating 21-day cycles of metronomic etoposide and cyclophosphamide associated with bevacizumab and intraventricular chemotherapy. Results: Forty-one patients were included. The most frequent malignancies were medulloblastoma (22) and ATRT (8). Overall, the best responses were CR in eight patients (20%), PR in three patients (7%), and SD in three patients (7%), for a clinical benefit rate of 34%. The median overall survival was 26 months (IC95% = 12.4–42.7), and median EFS was 9.7 months (IC95% = 6.0–18.6). The most frequent grade ¾ toxicities were hematological. Dose had to be adjusted in 27% of the cases. There was no statistical difference in outcome between full or modified MEMMAT. The best setting seems to be when MEMMAT is used as a maintenance and at first relapse. Conclusions: The metronomic MEMMAT combination can lead to sustained control of relapsed high-risk pediatric brain tumors

Retrospective National “Real Life” Experience of the SFCE with the Metronomic MEMMAT and MEMMAT-like Protocol

Background: Relapses in pediatric high-risk brain tumors remain unmet medical needs. Over the last 15 years, metronomic chemotherapy has gradually emerged as an alternative therapeutic approach. Patients and Methods: This is a national retrospective study of patients with relapsing pediatric brain tumors treated according to the MEMMAT or MEMMAT-like regimen from 2010 to 2022. Treatment consisted of daily oral thalidomide, fenofibrate, and celecoxib, and alternating 21-day cycles of metronomic etoposide and cyclophosphamide associated with bevacizumab and intraventricular chemotherapy. Results: Forty-one patients were included. The most frequent malignancies were medulloblastoma (22) and ATRT (8). Overall, the best responses were CR in eight patients (20%), PR in three patients (7%), and SD in three patients (7%), for a clinical benefit rate of 34%. The median overall survival was 26 months (IC95% = 12.4–42.7), and median EFS was 9.7 months (IC95% = 6.0–18.6). The most frequent grade ¾ toxicities were hematological. Dose had to be adjusted in 27% of the cases. There was no statistical difference in outcome between full or modified MEMMAT. The best setting seems to be when MEMMAT is used as a maintenance and at first relapse. Conclusions: The metronomic MEMMAT combination can lead to sustained control of relapsed high-risk pediatric brain tumors

Routine Iron/Folate Supplementation during Pregnancy: Effect on Maternal Anaemia and Birth Outcomes

Iron deficiency is the most common nutritional deficiency globally. Children and women of reproductive age are at a particular risk of iron deficiency. Anaemia during pregnancy is a specific risk factor for adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes. The objective of this review was to assess the impact of routine iron supplementation on maternal anaemia and perinatal outcomes. A literature search was conducted for published randomised and quasi-randomised trials on PubMed and the Cochrane Library. Only those studies were included in the review that assessed the preventive effect of iron supplementation during pregnancy. Data from selected studies were double abstracted in a standardised excel sheet. The studies were graded according to Study Design, limitations, intervention specifics and outcome effects. Meta-analyses were conducted where data were available from more than one study for an outcome. After screening 5209 titles, 30 studies were selected for inclusion in this review. Daily iron supplementation resulted in 69% reduction in incidence of anaemia at term in the intervention group compared with control [relative risk (RR) 0.31 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.22, 0.44]] and 66% reduction in iron deficiency anaemia at term (RR 0.44 [95% CI 0.28, 0.68], random model) compared with no intervention/placebo. The quality grade for these outcomes was that of moderate level. Routine daily iron supplementation during pregnancy resulted in a significant reduction of 20% in incidence of low birthweight in the intervention group compared with control (RR 0.80 [95% CI 0.71, 0.90]). Preventive iron supplementation during pregnancy has a significant benefit in reducing incidence of anaemia in mothers and low birthweight in neonates