EDUCAÇÃO POPULAR EM SAÚDE: VALORIZANDO O CONHECIMENTO POPULAR E AS NECESSIDADES DA POPULAÇÃO

Projeto de intervenção educativa realizado em posto de saúde Vila Caraipe .Texeira de Freitas extremo sul de Bahia. O objetivo deste projeto foi determinar o conhecimento prévio da população assistida sobre as principais afecções que acometem a população, e propor uma agenda de educação continuada à população, com meta de promover esclarecimentos e receber sugestões de melhora de serviço. O analises estratégica foi realizada por passos e tomou-se em conta os critérios previamente estipulados pelos membros da equipe de saúde, os critério dos usuários do serviço de PSF e a população em geral. Foi feito através de perguntas diretas ou a traves de questionários. As atividades foram planejadas nas reuniões de equipe de saúde. A hipertensão arterial foi a que recebeu mais respostas aceitáveis, seguida pelo tabagismo e depois a diabetes. A população masculina respondeu-o melhor as preguntas que a população feminina em Hipertensão e tabagismo. A população feminina respondeu melhor os temas de Diabetes. Lós pacientes em idades de 20 a 39 foram os que melhor responderam sobre estas doenças seguindo em segundo lugar pelos pacientes compreendidos em idades de 40 a 49 anos. Mas dos 70 % dos pacientes responderam aceitavelmente todas as preguntas sobre Hipertensão, diabetes e tabagismo. AS Sugestões do melhora do serviço foram Melhorar as atividades de marcação de exames e consultas. Incrementar as visitas domiciliares pelos ACS e lograr atendimento odontológico no PSF. Após das atividades de intervenção fizemos perguntas a um Total de 88 pacientes Deles Masculinos 22 para um 25 % e Femininos 66 para75 %.Observou se melhoria em a quantidade de pacientes que responderem adequadamente as perguntas onde a população masculina respondi-o melhor as preguntas sobre as patologias que a população feminina . Aqui nesta fase da investigação também os pacientes em idades de 20 a 39 foram os que melhor responderem sobre estas doenças seguindo pelos pacientes compreendidos em idades de 40 a 49 anos. Estas atividades foram feitas em atividades de consulta, pelo medico e a enfermeira ou pelos agentes comunitários de saúde nas visitas domiciliares. Também as atividades se planejaram por dia com seu responsável obtendo muito bom resultados enquanto a conhecimento se refere

MUSIC ON THE EDGE: An Addition to the Music Conservatory of Tolima, Colombia

The Conservatory is a historically significant cultural institution that gives the region of Tolima cultural identity and pride. The current physical setting of the school does not coincide with the stature of this organization. Located on a site near the cliff of the downtown district of Ibagué, the capital of Tolima, the Conservatory has potential for a great view of adjacent topography. The site with my proposed development offers the following issues for consideration: the relationship of Ibagué's urban fabric to areas with steep topography and the architectural expression of an institution of lofty aspirations. While creating a new edge, and providing the city with places to enjoy the view, the addition will complement existing buildings with installations well suited for the teaching of music, primary and secondary schools. Both Urban and architectural scales of design critically assess current development that is dilapidating Ibagué's urban quality

Por el laberinto de la didáctica en filosofía

La didáctica en filosofía es compleja y con muchos  puntos de enfoque, por esta razón metafóricamente se la compara con un laberinto que tiene que resolver aspectos sicológicos sobre las condiciones cognoscitivas que tiene que tomar en cuanta los  prejuicios, el espacio del saber propiamente dicho en el contenido de las  ideas filosóficas, en otro conjunto las dudas y las crisis existenciales de los estudiantes, y finalmente, el poder del profesor con los sistemas de evaluación.

Retos para el logro de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS) en Costa Rica en retrospectiva a la Conferencia de las Naciones Unidas sobre el Cambio Climático

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) constitute a commitment by States to eradicate problems such as hunger, poverty or minimize damage to the environment, promoting actions for sustainable economic growth that is respectful of the environment. This requires education, technology, and the regulations that governments must impose on both their public institutions and private organizations. In this article we present the actions that the Costa Rican State has carried out to achieve the SDGs conditional on the agreements for the mitigation of climate change. Costa Rica has developed policies for the efficient use of energy and the promotion of education, among other actions aimed at fulfilling the SDGs. However, the COVID 19 pandemic generated negative effects, in terms of the implementation of public and private management and economic planning, which are aimed at achieving the resilience of human and natural systems. Likewise, complying with the SDGs is associated with the conservation of biodiversity and ecosystems, supported by proper management of water resources. Currently, the Costa Rican State is creating the financial and legal conditions to have the economic or financial resources required by the commitment to the SDGs.Los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS) constituyen un compromiso de los Estados para erradicar problemas como el hambre, la pobreza o minimizar el daño al ambiente, promoviendo acciones para el crecimiento económico sostenible respetuoso del medio, lo cual requiere de la educación, la tecnología y las regulaciones que deben imponer los gobiernos tanto a sus instituciones públicas como a las organizaciones privadas. En el trabajo, se exponen las acciones que el Estado costarricense ha ejecutado para el logro de los ODS, condicionadas a los acuerdos para la mitigación del cambio climático. Costa Rica ha desarrollado políticas para el uso eficiente de la energía y en la promoción de la educación, entre otras acciones orientadas hacia el cumplimiento de los ODS. Sin embargo, la pandemia por COVID 19 generó efectos negativos, en cuanto a la aplicación de la gestión pública y privada y la planificación económica, que están siendo orientadas a alcanzar la resiliencia de los sistemas humanos y naturales. Asimismo, cumplir con los ODS está asociado a la conservación de la biodiversidad y los ecosistemas, apoyada en un manejo adecuado de los recursos hídricos. Actualmente, el Estado costarricense está creando las condiciones financieras y legales para disponer de los recursos económicos u financieros que requiere el compromiso con los ODS

Accretion of galaxy groups into galaxy clusters

We study the role of group infall in the assembly and dynamics of galaxy clusters in ΛCDM. We select 10 clusters with virial mass M200 ∼1014 M from the cosmological hydrodynamical simulation Illustris and follow their galaxies with stellar mass M⊙ ≥ 1.5 × 108 M. A median of ∼38% of surviving galaxies at z = 0 is accreted as part of groups and did not infall directly from the field, albeit with significant cluster-to-cluster scatter. The evolution of these galaxy associations is quick, with observational signatures of their common origin eroding rapidly in 1-3 Gyr after infall. Substructure plays a dominant role in fostering the conditions for galaxy mergers to happen, even within the cluster environment. Integrated over time, we identify (per cluster) an average of 17 ± 9 mergers that occur in infalling galaxy associations, of which 7 ± 3 occur well within the virial radius of their cluster hosts. The number of mergers shows large dispersion from cluster to cluster, with our most massive system having 42 mergers above our mass cut-off. These mergers, which are typically gas rich for dwarfs and a combination of gas rich and gas poor for M⊙ ∼1011 $m M_odot$, may contribute significantly within ΛCDM to the formation of specific morphologies, such as lenticulars (S0) and blue compact dwarfs in groups and clusters.Fil: Benavides, José A.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Astronomía Teórica y Experimental. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Observatorio Astronómico de Córdoba. Instituto de Astronomía Teórica y Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Sales, Laura Virginia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Astronomía Teórica y Experimental. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Observatorio Astronómico de Córdoba. Instituto de Astronomía Teórica y Experimental; Argentina. University of California; Estados UnidosFil: Abadi, Mario Gabriel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Astronomía Teórica y Experimental. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Observatorio Astronómico de Córdoba. Instituto de Astronomía Teórica y Experimental; Argentin

Performance evaluation of irrigation system: A global and local analyses in Costa Rica

La creciente demanda de productos agrícolas a nivel mundial centra su atención en el rendimiento del cultivo, comprendido como el peso del producto agrícola por unidad de área cosechada. El incremento en la producción de cultivos es determinado, principalmente, por el aumento de los rendimientos actuales de cultivo, hasta alcanzar su potencial, el cual, a su vez, se espera que siga su incremento con nuevas tecnologías, como lo ha venido haciendo desde la revolución verde. La brecha de rendimiento agrícola es un indicador de desempeño fuertemente utilizado para medir el desempeño agrícola, ya sea a nivel de parcela, distrito de riego, cuenca o región. La brecha de rendimiento se refiere a la diferencia que existe entre el rendimiento potencial de un cultivo y los rendimientos actuales de los agricultores en una escala de interés espacial y temporal especificada. El desempeño de los sistemas de riego comprende la proporción entre el agua de riego consumida por los cultivos y el agua desviada desde la fuente de suministro. Para mejorar el uso de agua en la agricultura es fundamental la evaluación del desempeño del riego. Uno de los principales indicadores usados para evaluar este desempeño contempla la relación entre la cantidad de agua suministrada y las necesidades netas de riego del cultivo, conocido como suministro relativo de riego (RIS). Esta tesis doctoral presenta un análisis mundial del desempeño de los esquemas de riego mediante la evaluación de los atributos clave que influyen en el RIS. Además, se realizó un análisis que caracterizó el desempeño a través del RIS y de la brecha de rendimiento de un esquema de riego tropical en Costa Rica durante un período de cinco años, de 2014 a 2018. El primer análisis se basó en una revisión de informes y artículos científicos que arrojaron 264 casos pertenecientes a 25 países en seis regiones del mundo. La base de datos se sometió a dos tipos de análisis estadístico: Un análisis de clústeres de k-medias y un análisis de covarianza (ANCOVA). El clúster agrupó los esquemas de riego que se caracterizaron por un bajo RIS y tecnología de riego avanzada; así como esquemas de riego con los valores de RIS más altos, pobres tecnologías de riego y presencia de abundantes precipitaciones. El ANCOVA mostró que el RIS covarió significativamente con la variación en la precipitación, el calendario de entrega, los sistemas de riego en la parcela, la red de distribución y la región, pero no con el cultivo. El ANCOVA también mostró que los sistemas modernos de riego presurizado en la finca y los sistemas de distribución a demanda mejoran significativamente el RIS. El segundo análisis del distrito de riego en trópico, mostró que el RIS osciló entre 2,48 y 3,78, valores muy superiores a los observados en esquemas de áreas templadas, pero que se encuentran en el rango bajo de los valores de RIS documentados en otros esquemas de los trópicos. Los rendimientos actuales se determinaron a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas con los agricultores del esquema que también brindaron información acerca de otros temas de manejo del riego. Las brechas de rendimiento de los principales cultivos (arroz, caña de azúcar y cultivos forrajeros) oscilaron entre 26-43%, 64-69% y 30- 40%, respectivamente. La encuesta reveló que en dicho esquema los usuarios muestran un alto grado de satisfacción del servicio en cuanto al suministro de agua de riego y su costo, existen amplias oportunidades para mejorar el desempeño del esquema y para cerrar las brechas de rendimiento (p.ej. actualizar el cronograma de suministro de agua para evitar escasez en la cola de los canales y mejorar la red de drenajes).The growing demand for agricultural products worldwide focuses its attention on crop yield, understood as the weight of agricultural product per unit of harvested area. The increase in crop production is mainly determined by the increase in actual yields crops, until reaching their potential, which, in turn, is expected to continue to increase with new technologies, as it has been doing since the green revolution. The agricultural yield gap is a performance index strongly used to measure agricultural performance, whether at the parcel, irrigation district, watershed or region level. Yield gap refers to the difference between the potential yield of a crop and the actual yields of farmers on a specified spatial and temporal scale of interest. The performance of irrigation systems comprises the ratio between the irrigation water consumed by crops and the water diverted from the supply source. To improve the use of water in agriculture, the evaluation of irrigation performance is essential. One of the main indicators used to evaluate this performance considers the relationship between the amount of water supplied and the net irrigation needs of the crop, known as the relative irrigation supply (RIS). This PhD thesis presents a global analysis of the performance of irrigation schemes through evaluating the key attributes that influence the RIS. In addition, an analysis was carried out that characterized the performance through the RIS and the yield gap of a tropical irrigation scheme in Costa Rica during a period of five years, from 2014 to 2018. The first analysis was based on a review of scientific reports and articles that collected 264 cases from 25 countries in six world regions. The database was subjected to two types of statistical analysis: a cluster analysis of k-means and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). The cluster grouped irrigation schemes that were characterized by a low RIS and hight irrigation technology; as well as irrigation schemes with the highest RIS values, poor irrigation technologies and the prevalence of abundant rainfall. The ANCOVA showed that the RIS covaried significantly with the variation in precipitation, the delivery schedule, the irrigation systems on the farm, the distribution network and the region, but not with the crop. The ANCOVA also showed that modern on-farm pressurized irrigation systems and on-demand distribution systems significantly improve RIS. The second analysis of tropical irrigation scheme, showed that the RIS ranged between 2.48 and 3.78, values much higher than those observed in temperate area schemes, but which are in the lower rank of the RIS values documented in other tropics schemes. Actual yields were determined through semi-structured surveys with farmers in the scheme who also gave information about other irrigation management issues. The yield gaps of the main crops (rice, sugar cane and fodder crops) ranged between 26-43%, 64-69% and 30-40%, respectively. The survey revealed that in this scheme the users show a high satisfaction degree with the service, in terms of the supply of irrigation water and its cost, there are ample opportunities to improve the irrigation scheme's performance and to close the yield gaps (e.g. update the water supply schedule to avoid shortages in the tail of the canals and improve drainage network)

Multi-robot cooperative systems for exploration : advances in dealing with constrained communication environments

PostprintObjeto de conferenciaIn the present document, the authors introduce the Cooperative Exploration problem as well as the most relevant approaches in order to show the most common drawbacks and opportunities to improve the state of art solutions. Subsequently, a preliminary version of a multi-robot exploration proposal is described. The first results obtained in simulated scenarios support the underlying ideas are feasible and promising. They show that is possible to cope with real communication constraints (always present in practice), being more fault tolerant and still having good performance regarding the total exploration time. Next steps to fully implement a more reliable and robust system are discussed

PHYSICAL SELF-CONCEPT OF MEXICAN ATHLETE AND NON-ATHLETE TEENAGERS

The purpose of this study consists of outlining the differences and similarities between elementary and junior-high school Mexican students’ physical self-concept based on the variables of those who practice a sport on a regular basis and those who do not do. A total sample of 596 male students, between the ages of 11-16 participated in this study; 270 of them practice a sport and participate regularly in tournaments or competitions. A quantitative approach with a descriptive and transversal survey design was used. All the participants completed the Physical Self-Description Questionnaire. The results of the one-way multivariate analysis of variance, followed by the oneway univariate analyses of variance, show that students who do not participate in sports regularly are the ones who obtained lower scores on the coordination, activity, sports competence, appearance, strength, flexibility, endurance, global physical self-concept, and global self-esteem subscales. However, in the health subscale, statistically significant differences were not found. Further research should seek these findings in larger samples

El arte visual de Walter Reuter en el Instituto Obrero de Valencia, 1936-1939

El conjunto de fotografías realizadas en el Instituto Obrero de Valencia por Walter Reuter y Luis Vidal, se han convertido en los más preciados documentos del proyecto educativo iniciado en noviembre de 1936. A ellas hay que sumar a los protagonistas retratados y los espacios compartidos con los que, 70 años después, se pudo culminar la investigación sobre el Instituto Obrero. Reuter y otros autores contribuyeron a inmortalizar la labor realizada por la Segunda República, que dio la oportunidad de estudiar a jóvenes sindicalistas, hombres y mujeres, mayores de 15 años. Las fotografías de Walter Reuter sirvieron para publicitar en 1937 la obra educacional en un cartel diseñado por Mauricio Amster. De Reuter son una serie de imágenes que los exalumnos analizaron y gracias a ello sabemos la mayoría de los nombres de sus protagonistas. Un ejemplo de cómo las imágenes transmiten la historia.   Abstract: The set of photographs taken at the Institute for Workers in Valencia, by Walter Reuter and Luis Vidal, have become the most precious documents of the educational project started in November 1936. To these must be added to the protagonists portrayed and shared with those who spaces, 70 years later, he could finish research on the Institute for Workers. Reuter and other authors contributed to immortalize the work of the Second Republic, which gave the opportunity to study young trade unionists, men and women over 15 years. Photographs of Walter Reuter in 1937 served to publicize the educational work in a poster designed by Mauricio Amster. Reuter's work in a poster designed by Mauricio Amster. Reuter work are a series of images analyzed by the former students, and as a result, we know most of the names of the protagonists. An example of how images convey the story.   Palabras clave: Walter Reuter; educación; guerra civil española; propaganda. Keywords: Walter Reuter; Education; Spanish Civil War; Propaganda

Diagnostic for Verifying the Thrust Vector Requirement of the AEPS Hall-Effect Thruster and Comparison to the NEXT-C Thrust Vector Diagnostic

A diagnostic has been designed and fabricated to verify the thrust vector requirement for the Advanced Electric Propulsion System (AEPS) Hall Effect Rocket with Magnetic Shielding (HERMeS) thruster. This diagnostic will be used to verify that the propulsion system thrust vector offset from the mounting surface normal vector does not exceed 1.5 degrees over the entire throttling range and over the course of 23,000 hours of thruster testing. The diagnostic will also not violate the thruster's required voltage standoff capability in the presence of carbon backsputter by being minimally intrusive and not significantly adding to the facility backsputtered rate. Based on these requirements, an appropriate diagnostic design was determined to comprise of an array of 23 Faraday probes swept through the plume in an arc 1m from the thruster to map the beam current density. The beam current density centroid of the plume is assumed to track the thrust vector within an acceptable level of uncertainty. Additionally, a reference system, including optical alignment to the mounting surface normal vector and tilt sensors, was devised to periodically calibrate the probe position and motion throughout the long duration wear test campaign. Initial measurements of the thruster plume have been acquired to demonstrate the diagnostics functionality, verify procedures, and assess any necessary improvements prior to implementation of the diagnostic during the AEPS Engineering Development Unit (EDU) long duration wear test. To illustrate the merits of differing approaches to thrust vector determination for different classes of electric propulsion thrusters, NASA's Evolutionary Xenon Thruster-Commercial (NEXT-C) thrust vector diagnostic design details and recent data are also discussed (Appendix A)