Liposarcoma of the extremities: MR imaging features and their correlation with pathologic data

SummaryObjectiveTo describe the MRI features of liposarcomas of the extremities and correlate them with data from the histologic subtypes.Material and methodsRetrospective study of 20 cases of liposarcoma of the extremities identified on MRI, surgically removed and confirmed at pathology. On MRI examination, T1- and T2-weighted fat-suppressed and non-fat-suppressed images were acquired then gadolinium-enhanced fat-suppressed T1-weighted images were obtained in at least two orthogonal planes.ResultsSixteen female and four male patients aged 12 to 77 years old at presentation, in 16 cases, with a slowly enlarging painless mass (demonstrating no associated local or general inflammatory components), located in the lower extremity (16 cases) and predominantly located in the thigh (13 cases). Pathologic examination revealed three cases of well-differentiated liposarcoma, 12 cases of myxoid liposarcoma one of which with round cells, three cases of pleomorphic liposarcoma, one case of dedifferentiated liposarcoma and one case of mixed-type liposarcoma. MR images mostly showed well-circumscribed tumors (19 cases) . Well-differentiated liposarcomas typically demonstrated a very specific diagnostic appearance as a predominantly adipose mass containing nonlipomatous components seen as thick septa that may show nodularity. Other subtypes of liposarcoma demonstrated a small amount of adipose tissue thus producing a marbled textural pattern on T1-weighted images particularly in myxoid liposarcomas (9 cases), or even nonlipomatous elements in high-grade liposarcomas (in round cell liposarcoma and in two out of three pleomorphic liposarcomas). The myxoid subtype has also a relatively characteristic appearance as a low signal intensity noted on T1-weighted images and a marked high signal intensity on T2. The dedifferentiated liposarcoma has a very specific radiologic appearance as a nonlipomatous component within a predominantly adipose mass, simulating that of well-differentiated liposarcomas.ConclusionMRI of extremity liposarcomas is a highly reliable and sensitive method to characterize liposarcomas. Besides its value in the diagnosis of liposarcoma and locoregional extension control, it allows proper identification of the specific histologic subtypes of liposarcoma.Level of evidenceLevel IV. Rétrospective diagnostic study

Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase Activating Peptide (1-38) and its analog (Acetyl-[Ala15, Ala20] PACAP 38-polyamide) reverse methacholine airway hyperresponsiveness in rats

O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar funcionalmente e estruturalmente efeito broncodilatador do peptídeo ativador da adenilato ciclase pituitária (PACAP1-38) e da acetil-[Ala15, Ala20]PACAP 38-poliamida, potente análogo do PACAP-38, nos ratos desafiados pelo metacolina (MeCh). Ratos Wistar machos foram aleatoriamente divididos em cinco grupos. Grupos 1 e 2, inalando aerossóis de solução salina ou doses crescentes de MeCh (0,5, 1, 2,12, 4,25, 8,5, 17, 34 e 68 mg/L). Os outros grupos recebendo terbutalina (Terb) (250 µg/rato) (10-6M), PACAP-38 (50 µg/rato) (0.1 mM) ou análogo do PACAP-38 (50 µg/rato) associados a MeCh na dose de 4,25 mg/L. A resistência pulmonar total (RL) foi registrada antes e 2 min após a administração de Mech pelo equipamento pneumomultiteste. A administração MeCh induziu aumento significativo e dose dependente (pThe aim of this study was to investigate both functionally and structurally bronchodilator effects of Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide (PACAP38) and acetyl-[Ala15, Ala20] PACAP38-polyamide, a potent PACAP38 analog, in rats challenged by methacholine (MeCh). Male Wistar rats were divided randomly into five groups. Groups 1 and 2 inhaled respectively aerosols of saline or increasing doses of MeCh (0.5, 1, 2.12, 4.25, 8.5, 17, 34 and 68mg/L). The other groups received terbutaline (Terb) (250 µg/rat) (10-6 M), PACAP38 (50 µg/rat) (0.1 mM) or PACAP38 analog (50 µg/rat) associated to MeCh from the dose of 4.25 mg/L. Total lung resistances (RL) were recorded before and 2 min after MeCh administration by pneumomultitest equipment. MeCh administration induced a significant and a dose-dependent increase (

Germline homozygous missense \u3ci\u3eDEPDC5\u3c/i\u3e variants cause severe refractory early-onset epilepsy, macrocephaly and bilateral polymicrogyria

Abstract DEPDC5 (DEP Domain-Containing Protein 5) encodes an inhibitory component of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway and is commonly implicated in sporadic and familial focal epilepsies, both non-lesional and in association with focal cortical dysplasia. Germline pathogenic variants are typically heterozygous and inactivating. We describe a novel phenotype caused by germline biallelic missense variants in DEPDC5. Cases were identified clinically. Available records, including magnetic resonance imaging and electroencephalography, were reviewed. Genetic testing was performed by whole exome and whole-genome sequencing and cascade screening. In addition, immunohistochemistry was performed on skin biopsy. The phenotype was identified in nine children, eight of which are described in detail herein. Six of the children were of Irish Traveller, two of Tunisian and one of Lebanese origin. The Irish Traveller children shared the same DEPDC5 germline homozygous missense variant (p.Thr337Arg), whereas the Lebanese and Tunisian children shared a different germline homozygous variant (p.Arg806Cys). Consistent phenotypic features included extensive bilateral polymicrogyria, congenital macrocephaly and early-onset refractory epilepsy, in keeping with other mTOR-opathies. Eye and cardiac involvement and severe neutropenia were also observed in one or more patients. Five of the children died in infancy or childhood; the other four are currently aged between 5 months and 6 years. Skin biopsy immunohistochemistry was supportive of hyperactivation of the mTOR pathway. The clinical, histopathological and genetic evidence supports a causal role for the homozygous DEPDC5 variants, expanding our understanding of the biology of this gene

Effects of surface preparation on pitting resistance, residual stress, and stress corrosion cracking in austenitic stainless steels

Surface finishing treatments such as shot blasting and wire brushing can be beneficial in improving the integrity of machined surfaces of austenitic stainless steels. These operations optimize in-service properties such as resistance to pitting corrosion and stress corrosion cracking (SCC). In this study, ground steel surfaces were subjected to a series of sand blasting and wire brushing treatments. The surfaces were then characterized by their hardness, surface residual stress state, and resistance to stress corrosion and pitting corrosion. Some samples were selected for depth profiling of residual stress. It is found that surface hardening and the generation of near-surface compressive residual stress are the benefits that can be introduced by sand blasting and brushing operations

Préparation des surfaces et tenue à la corrosion localisée des aciers inoxydables austénitiques

Les opérations de sablage et de brossage sont des techniques efficaces d’amélioration de l’intégrité des surfaces usinées d’aciers austénitiques inoxydables. Elles permettent d’optimiser les principales propriétés d’emploi de ces nuances telles que la résistance à la corrosion par piqûres et sous contraintes.L’écrouissage superficiel et les contraintes résiduelles de compression constituent les principaux paramètres à contrôler par les conditions de sablage et de brossage pour atteindre les performances recherchées

Microsolvation of NO + in Ar n clusters: A theoretical treatment

International audienc

Antidiarrheal and antioxidant activities of Ajuga iva (L.) leave extract

We studied the effect of Ajuga iva leaves extract (AIE) on the intestinal absorption, motricity and its antioxidant capacity against diarrhea. Wistar rats were divided and received either: castor oil (CO), CO and loperamide or CO and different doses of AIE. AIE prevented dose-dependently CO-induced diarrhea. AIE at 800 mg/kg showed inhibition efficiency on defecation and diarrhea. The pro-oxidant effect of the CO in the small intestine was inhibited significantly in presence of AIE: increasing glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity and lowering oxygen free radicals (OH°, O2°-), carbonyl protein and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. However, co-administration of AIE in castor oil-exposed groups significantly increased the intestinal contents of calcium and magnesium. AIE exhibits significant anti-diarrheal activity, related in part to its antioxidant properties. Our investigation also provides experimental evidence for the traditional use of this medicinal plant in the treatment of diarrhea

Seasonal and species variations in the nutritive value of eucaliptus foliage as a potential feed resource for ruminants in silvopastoral systems

10 páginas, 1 figura, 4 tablas.The objective of the study was to evaluate the nutritional value of leaves from fve eucalyptus species (Eucalyptus astringens, E. leucoxylon, E. sideroxylon, E. lehmannii, E. camaldulensis), harvested in Tunisia (two locations) during the autumn, winter, and spring seasons. Chemical composition and digestibility (various in vitro procedures) and in vitro tannin biological activity were determined. The species E. lehmannii had the lowest neutral detergent fber (NDF) and lignin contents (252 and 92 g kg−1 dry matter (DM), respectively) and the highest nonfbrous carbohydrates content (553 g kg−1 DM), while the species E. leucoxylon and E. camaldulensis had the highest NDF concentrations (375 and 356 g kg−1 DM, respectively). Among the seasons, higher levels of NDF and lignin were observed in winter (349 and 129 g kg−1 DM, respectively). The species E. sideroxylon showed the highest gas production with polyethylene glycol addition and thus the highest biological tannin activity. The species E. lehmannii and E. camaldulensis had the highest metabolizable energy concentrations, with 6.20 and 6.07 MJ kg−1 DM, respectively. E. camaldulensis showed the highest (37.9%) and E. lehmannii the lowest (31.9%) organic matter digestibility. Foliage from eucalyptus trees are of limited energy and protein value as an alternative fodder for ruminants, with a substantial variability across species. No remarkable seasonal variations in chemical composition and digestibility of eucalyptus foliage were detected.Peer reviewe