4 research outputs found

    A framework for sustainable architecture in Iran with emphasis on the views of scholars

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    Development of the built environment needs to be addressed in a way that is socially and ecologically responsible. There is great urgency to make sustainable interventions in Iran, while built environments are being created without the above engagement. Lack of awareness and consensus on sustainable actions needs formulation of a framework set by scholars analyzing effects of its components in a comprehensive model. The need to develop an instrument for investigation of views of scholars has instigated the researcher to collect the necessary data through interviews and prepare a research questionnaire. Moreover, the exploratory factor analysis survey method was employed, so that structural equation can be used for modeling purposes. The results led to development of a theoretical model to describe views of sustainable architecture in Iran. Results show that environmental and productivity in the use of nature aspects of buildings is the cause of transition to sustainable architecture. Technology, construction and operations of buildings aspects as mediating variables have effects on environmental awareness as dependent variable of transition to sustainable architecture in Iran. The results can pave the path for further research in this area and orient the research priorities for sustainable architecture in Iran

    Frequency and risk factors of penicillin and amoxicillin allergy in suspected patients with drug allergy

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    Background: Unconfirmed beta-lactam allergy is a significant public health problem because of the limitations it imposes in drug selection. In this study, we aimed to evaluate patients referred for beta-lactam allergy to determine the frequency of confirmed beta-lactam allergy and identify some risk factors. Methods: In a prospective cohort study, all referred patients to Immunology, Asthma and Allergy Research Institute in Tehran University of Medical Sciences (between 2007 - 2009) who suspected to have beta-lactam allergy were entered into this study based on having the inclusion criteria. Follow-up was performed 6-8 years after the final diagnosis. Diagnosis of beta-lactam allergy relies on thorough history and specific IgE measurements (ImmunoCAP), skin prick testing (SPT), intradermal testing (IDT), patch testing, and oral drug challenge test. Results: Fifty-one patients with mean age of 24.5 (±18.5) years were enrolled in this study. Based on workups, beta-lactam allergy was confirmed in 16 (31.4%) patients, suspicious in 22 (43.1%) patients and ruled out in 13 (25.5%) patients. During the follow-up, 3 patients with suspicious drug allergy consumed the culprit drug with no reaction so allergy was finally ruled out in 16 (31.4%) patients. Age, sex, atopy and family history of drug allergies were not significantly different between the patients with confirmed or ruled-out diagnosis of penicillin and amoxicillin allergy. Conclusion: At least up to one-third of patients with a history of beta-lactam allergy are proven to be safe using the drug. Also, a clear protocol consists ofserum slgE assay and SPT can be helpful to the physicians in the health care system. © 2017, Academy of Medical Sciences of I.R. Iran. All rights reserved

    Type I and type II hereditary angioedema: Clinical and laboratory findings in Iranian patients

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    Background: Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterized by C1-INH (C1 esterase inhibitor), low serum levels (type I), dysfunction (type II) or normal serum levels and function (type III), which lead to subcutaneous and submucosal edema attacks. The aim of this study was to investigate the demographic, clinical and laboratory findings oflranian patients with HAE. Methods: The patients with a history or symptoms of angioedema who were referred to Immunology, Asthma and Allergy Research Institute (IAARI) between Jan 2006 and Jan 2014, were assessed based on a specific questionnaire and laboratory evaluation. The patients with a definite diagnosis of HAE type I and type II were entered into this study. Results: Among 51 patients, 63.3 were diagnosed with HAE type I and 36.7 with HAE type II. Fifteen patients were under 18 years and 36 were adults. The mean age of symptoms onset and diagnosis were 12.33 ± 10.20 years and 24.48 ± 14.64 years, respectively. The mean delay of diagnosis was 11.02 ± 11.60 years. The most commonly involved locations of edema were hands, face and genitalia. Moreover, laryngeal edema was observed in 61.2 of patients, which led to death in two patients during this study. Conclusion: Hereditary angioedema is a life threatening disease with considerable morbidity and mortality. The outcomes of this study can be used to inform clinicians and health care providers about HAE, which can help earlier diagnosis and better management of the patients, specifically in life threatening attacks. © 2015, Academy of Medical Sciences of I.R. Iran. All rights reserved

    A Report from Iranian Primary Immunodeficiency Registry (IPIDR), New Trend in Diagnosis of PID

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    Introduction: Primary immunodeficiency disorders (PID) are rare and heterogeneous group of disease. In attempts to ad- dress and to provide an estimate of the precise prevalence of these disorders in Iran, the Iranian Primary Immunodeficiency Registry (IPIDR) was established in 1999. The Registry is currently being expanded and is a part of IAARI (Immunolo- gy, Asthma & Allergy Research Institute). Method: During (2006-2013), 1857 patients who were re- ferred to IAARI with possible diagnosis of PID were enrolled in this study.Primary and advanced screening tests were done and after confirmation of diagnosis all patients registered in IPIDR (Ipidr.tums.ac.ir) Results: fifty hundred and sixty-five patients (354 M/211F) had definite or probable diagnosis of PID; Consanguinity rate and family history of previous child with PID were 58% and 24.6%, respectively. Genetic studies were done in 50.8% of patients and in 37.3% of them specific mutation was found. The most com- mon form of immunodeficiency was congenital defects of phagocyte number, function, or both. (43.5%), mainly chronic granulomatous disease, followed by Well-defined syndromes with immunodeficiency (32.6%), predominantly antibody disor- ders (16%), combined immunodeficiencies (9.7%), Comple- ment deficiencies (8.8%), Diseases of immune dysregulation (7.2%) and defects of innate immunity (2.1%) Conclusion: Recent development in molecular diagnosis can help in early and definite diagnosis of PID. Accurate diagnosis of these conditions are essential for eval uation of PID burden , better decision in prevention and treatment strategies and research studies A Report from Iranian Primary Immunodeficiency Registry (IPIDR), New Trend in Diagnosis of PID (PDF Download Available). Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/268280484_A_Report_from_Iranian_Primary_Immunodeficiency_Registry_IPIDR_New_Trend_in_Diagnosis_of_PID [accessed Jun 20, 2017]
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