An Assessment of the Trend in the Unified Chart of Accounts in Some Selected Government Ministries in Nigeria (2008-2017)

Nigeria has since 2010 adopted the IPSAS and has equally accepted all that the new standard has to offer which includes the chart of accounts (COA). The COA adopted in Nigeria is prescribed by the International Public Sector Accounting Standards Board (IPSASB) and it is called the unified national chart of accounts with the objective that the presentation of accounts must follow a uniform pattern. In addition to that, the COA adopted in Nigeria is a flexible one because it does not use the same coding structure as the styles for coding differ in number of digits to be used. But as at 2017, it was obvious that so many ministries in Nigeria had consistently prepared and presented the budget statements using the IPSAS coding structure but are yet to classify accounts with the IPSAS approved standard budget classification methods

Non-accidental dettol poisoning in a 3 day old neonate : a rare form of child abuse

In Nigeria, Dettol® Antiseptic Solution poisoning is an uncommon occurrence in all age groups. In a registered child specialist clinic in Kano, a three – day old neonate presented with clinical features believed initially to be due to neonatal seizures and sepsis, but which turned out to be due to non-accidental dettol® poisoning by a single mother who contaminated the glucose D granules that was meant to supplement baby’s feed. Greater vigilance on single mothers and coordinated services to single mothers is highly advocated to improve maternal – infant bonding and hence reduce infanticidal ideas.Key words: Dettol® Poisoning, Neonate, socially disadvantaged mother, child abus

Feasibility trial for primary stroke prevention in children with sickle cell anemia in Nigeria (SPIN trial)

The vast majority of children with sickle cell anemia (SCA) live in Africa, where evidence-based guidelines for primary stroke prevention are lacking. In Kano, Nigeria, we conducted a feasibility trial to determine the acceptability of hydroxyurea therapy for primary stroke prevention in children with abnormal transcranial Doppler (TCD) measurements. Children with SCA and abnormal non-imaging TCD measurements (≥200 cm/s) received moderate fixed-dose hydroxyurea therapy (∼20 mg/kg/day). A comparison group of children with TCD measurements <200 cm/s was followed prospectively. Approximately 88% (330 of 375) of families agreed to be screened, while 87% (29 of 33) of those with abnormal TCD measurements, enrolled in the trial. No participant elected to withdraw from the trial. The average mean corpuscular volume increased from 85.7 fl at baseline to 95.5 fl at 24 months (not all of the children who crossed over had a 24 month visit), demonstrating adherence to hydroxyurea. The comparison group consisted of initially 210 children, of which four developed abnormal TCD measurements, and were started on hydroxyurea. None of the monthly research visits were missed (n = total 603 visits). Two and 10 deaths occurred in the treatment and comparison groups, with mortality rates of 2.69 and 1.81 per 100 patient-years, respectively (P = .67). Our results provide strong evidence, for high family recruitment, retention, and adherence rates, to undertake the first randomized controlled trial with hydroxyurea therapy for primary stroke prevention in children with SCA living in Africa

Seroprevalence of hepatitis B Surface antigen among apparently healthy primary school pupils in Batagarawa Local Government area of Katsina State, Nigeria

Introduction: Hepatitis B virus infection is a major public health problem worldwide. It is more infectious and more in Nigeria than the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). It is a major risk factor for the development of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular cancer in hyperendemic areas. This study was carried out between 8th January and 7th March, 2012, to assess the prevalence of Hepatitis B virus infection among apparently healthy primary school pupils in Batagarawa Local Government, Katsina state.Methods: Hepatitis B surface antigen was tested for in 240 apparently healthy primary school pupils in Batagarawa Local Government, Katsina state in North- Western Nigeria using commercial recombinant enzyme-based HBsAg test strip.Results: Of the 240 samples screened, 56 (23.3%) were seropositive. HBsAg seroprevalence was higher among children aged 7 – 9 years (7.9%), and among male (15.8%) than female (7.8%) subjects. Of the predisposing factors for HBV infection studied, traditional circumcision among the male subjects recorded the highest prevalence of 30%.Conclusion: The high prevalence of HBV infection amongst the subjects studied strongly suggests that urgent preventive measures, particularly health education of the general public on HBV infection and provision of universal HBV vaccination should be given urgent priority.Keywords: Children, HBsAg, Primary school, Seroprevalenc

Carbon Monoxide Poisoning in a Child: A Case Report

The exact incidence of carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning in Nigeria is unknown. Globally, CO poisoning is frequently unrecognized and under-reported since the clinical presentation is relatively non-specific. The circumstances usually involve an unsuspected increase of CO in an enclosed environment. We present the case of a five-year old girl who was brought to the Emergency Paediatics Unit with altered consciousness and profound muscle weakness following exposure to exhaust fumes from a petrol powered electric generator. The generating set was usually operated within the kitchen during the preceding year, but on that particular day, a large refrigerator was placed beside the kitchen door thereby preventing its complete closure. She made an uneventful recovery following treatment with 100 percent oxygen. The case highlights the susceptibility of children to CO poisoning caused by operating petrol powered electric generators within the house. Health education of the community is necessary to avert such hazards. Nigerian Journal of Paediatrics Vol.31(2) 2004: 56-5

Childhood Nephrotic Syndrome in Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano

Methods: A prospective study spanning two years (July 2002 – August 2004). Twenty two children with nephrotic syndrome were seen ate the Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano. The demographic, clinical and laboratory features and response to treatment were documented. Results: Nephritic syndrome made up of 1.2% of all Peadiatric admissions. There were 15males and 7 females giving the ratio of 1:0.5. There were 15(68%) patients in the 3-10 years age group and 7(34%) in the 11-14 years age group. The major clinical features were generalized oedema (100%), hypertension (18.2%), pleural effusion (9.1%), and congestive cardiac failure in 2(9.1%). Mean serum albumin was 16&#61617;4.8gldl; serum cholesterol 955&#61617;1.6mmdll. Malaria parasitamia was present in 36% of the patients and 3(4.5%) has sickle cell anaemia Treatment with diuretics; pooled plasma and prednisolone achieved 83% remission Mortality of 22.7% being mainly to due chronic renal failure. The study will require a large population for the trials in the use of steroids in the treatment of nephritic syndrome Tropical Journal of Medical Research Vol. 10(1) 2006: pp. 31-3

Tuberculosis Of The Spine In Childhood In Kano, Nigeria

Background: Tuberculosis is a necrotizing bacterial infection with protean manifestation and wide distribution. The involvement of the spine is also increasing because of the resurgence of tuberculosis and HIV. Objectives: The objective of this study is to clinically evaluate the outcome of tuberculosis of the spine in children and to assess the prognosis of the deformity associated with TB spine. Methods: The study was a retrospective chart review of cases with spinal tuberculosis. Cases were those seen in Department of Paediatrics with the diagnosis of tuberculosis of the spine. The methods of management and prognosis were also assessed in the clinic. During follow-up response to treatment as it affects the neurological deficit was assessed. Results: The age distribution was between 8 months and 10 years. The commonest presenting symptoms were swelling at the back in 22 (84.6%). The duration of the swelling before presentation ranged from 4weeks to 2years (mean – 16weeks). Other symptoms included fever, weight loss, anorexia and night sweats. Ninety (73%) of the children were wasted and 22 (84.6%) were febrile. Spinal lesions seen in 22 (84.6%) and there was kyphoscoliosis in 8(30.8%). The most common vertebra involved in the study was the 8th thoracic vertebra. They were all treated conservatively with ant tuberculosis drugs. The deformity in the patients was not cured. Sixteen (61.5%) had spastic paraplegia at presentation while 6 (23.1%) had spastic paraperesis. Two (7.7%) had flacid paraperesis and the other 2 (7.7%) had flaccid paraplegia. Conclusion: Tuberculosis of the spine is still common in children with tuberculosis and treatment does not reverse the deformity associated with it There is therefore a need to explore other ways of managing these cases. Keywords: childhood. spinal, tuberculosis.Highland Medical Research Journal Vol. 4 (2) 2006 pp. 39-4

The prevalence and perinatal outcome of obvious congenital malformations among inborn babies at Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano

No Abstract.Keywords: Congenital malformations; inborn babies; Kano The Nigerian Journal of Paediatrics Vol. 32 (2) 2005: pp. 47-5