Montane lakes (lagoons) of the New England Tablelands Bioregion

The vegetation of montane lagoons of the New England Tablelands Bioregion, New South Wales is examined using flexible UPGMA analysis of frequency scores on all vascular plant taxa, charophytes and one liverworts. Seven communities are described: 1. Hydrocotyle tripartita – Isotoma fluviatilis – Ranunculus inundatus – Lilaeopsis polyantha herbfield; 2. Eleocharis sphacelata – Potamogeton tricarinatus sedgeland; 3. Eleocharis sphacelata – Utricularia australis – Isolepis fluitans, herbfield; 4. Utricularia australis – Nitella sonderi herbfield; 5. Eleocharis sphacelata – Utricularia australis – Ricciocarpus natans sedgeland; 6. Carex gaudichaudiana – Holcus lanatus – Stellaria angustifolia sedgeland; 7. Cyperus sphaeroides – Eleocharis gracilis – Schoenus apogon – Carex gaudichaudiana sedgeland. 58 lagoons were located and identified, only 28% of which are considered to be intact and in good condition. Two threatened species (Aldovandra vesiculosa and Arthaxon hispidus) and three RoTAP-listed taxa were encountered during the survey

Persistence of Tripartite Nonlocality for Non-inertial Observers

We consider the behaviour of bipartite and tripartite non-locality between fermionic entangled states shared by observers, one of whom uniformly accelerates. We find that while fermionic entanglement persists for arbitrarily large acceleration, the Bell/CHSH inequalities cannot be violated for sufficiently large but finite acceleration. However the Svetlichny inequality, which is a measure of genuine tripartite non-locality, can be violated for any finite value of the acceleration.Comment: 4 pages, pdflatex, 2 figure

\u27Pick it Up, It\u27s Good\u27 Utilizing Solution-Focused Guided Imagery with Golfers Experiencing the Yips: A Single-Subject Research Design

A multiple-baseline across-subjects design was used to test the efficacy of solution-focused guided imagery (SFGI) with four yip-affected golfers (X = 51 years of age) and an average of 33 years playing experience. Yips are defined as jerks, tremors, or a freezing of the putting stroke and in the least can add several strokes per round of golf (Smith et al., 2003). Existing research suggests that the yips are a task-specific dystonia that is prompted and/or exacerbated by psychological factors (e.g., anxiety). Each golfer in this study participated in at least five SFGI sessions, designed to guide the individual to create vivid images of themselves thinking, feeling, and behaving in ways devoid of their problem. Visual analysis of the data revealed an immediate and sustained decrease for all participants in reducing the number of yips and the percentage of yips within 5 feet between baseline and intervention phases. Maintenance data also revealed no instances of the yips

Long-range quantum entanglement in noisy cluster states

We describe a phase transition for long-range entanglement in a three-dimensional cluster state affected by noise. The partially decohered state is modeled by the thermal state of a suitable Hamiltonian. We find that the temperature at which the entanglement length changes from infinite to finite is nonzero. We give an upper and lower bound to this transition temperature.Comment: 7 page

Negativity and contextuality are equivalent notions of nonclassicality

Two notions of nonclassicality that have been investigated intensively are: (i) negativity, that is, the need to posit negative values when representing quantum states by quasiprobability distributions such as the Wigner representation, and (ii) contextuality, that is, the impossibility of a noncontextual hidden variable model of quantum theory (also known as the Bell-Kochen-Specker theorem). Although both of these notions were meant to characterize the conditions under which a classical explanation cannot be provided, we demonstrate that they prove inadequate to the task and we argue for a particular way of generalizing and revising them. With the refined version of each in hand, it becomes apparent that they are in fact one and the same. We also demonstrate the impossibility of noncontextuality or nonnegativity in quantum theory with a novel proof that is symmetric in its treatment of measurements and preparations.Comment: 5 pages, published version (modulo some supplementary material

High-fidelity entanglement swapping with fully independent sources

Entanglement swapping allows to establish entanglement between independent particles that never interacted nor share any common past. This feature makes it an integral constituent of quantum repeaters. Here, we demonstrate entanglement swapping with time-synchronized independent sources with a fidelity high enough to violate a Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt inequality by more than four standard deviations. The fact that both entangled pairs are created by fully independent, only electronically connected sources ensures that this technique is suitable for future long-distance quantum communication experiments as well as for novel tests on the foundations of quantum physics.Comment: added technical details and extended introduction and conclusion, slightly modified the abstract, corrected a mistake in the affiliation

Silicon Nanocrystal Field-Effect Light-Emitting Devices

We describe the operation of a light-emitting device in which silicon nanocrystals are electrically pumped via the field-effect electroluminescence (EL) mechanism. In contrast to the simultaneous bipolar carrier injection used in conventional p-n junction light-emitting diodes, this device employs sequential unipolar programming of both electrons and holes across a tunneling barrier from the same semiconductor channel. Light emission is strongly correlated with the injection of second carriers into nanocrystals that have been previously programmed with charges of the opposite sign. The properties of this device are well described by the model of a charge injection through Coulomb field modified tunneling processes. We additionally consider limiting performance bounds for potential future devices fabricated from nanocrystals with different radiative emission rates

Imaging with a small number of photons

Low-light-level imaging techniques have application in many diverse fields, ranging from biological sciences to security. We demonstrate a single-photon imaging system based on a time-gated inten- sified CCD (ICCD) camera in which the image of an object can be inferred from very few detected photons. We show that a ghost-imaging configuration, where the image is obtained from photons that have never interacted with the object, is a useful approach for obtaining images with high signal-to-noise ratios. The use of heralded single-photons ensures that the background counts can be virtually eliminated from the recorded images. By applying techniques of compressed sensing and associated image reconstruction, we obtain high-quality images of the object from raw data comprised of fewer than one detected photon per image pixel.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figure

On the Perturbations of Viscous Rotating Newtonian Fluids

The perturbations of weakly-viscous, barotropic, non-self-gravitating, Newtonian rotating fluids are analyzed via a single partial differential equation. The results are then used to find an expression for the viscosity-induced normal-mode complex eigenfrequency shift, with respect to the case of adiabatic perturbations. However, the effects of viscosity are assumed to have been incorporated in the unperturbed (equilibrium) model. This paper is an extension of the normal-mode formalism developed by Ipser & Lindblom for adiabatic pulsations of purely-rotating perfect fluids. The formulas derived are readily applicable to the perturbations of thin and thick accretion disks. We provide explicit expressions for thin disks, employing results from previous relativistic analyses of adiabatic normal modes of oscillation. In this case, we find that viscosity causes the fundamental p- and g- modes to grow while the fundamental c-mode could have either sign of the damping rate.Comment: Accepted for publication by The Astrophysical Journal. 11 pages, no figure