California and Unfree Labor: Assessing the Intent of the 1850 “An Act for the Government and Protection of Indians

Discussions of unfree labor systems in the United States have long been focused on history of institutionalized slavery on the East coast and plantation slavery in the American South. However, recent scholars have challenged the definitions of unfree labor systems based solely on the framework of American slavery in these areas. Forced Indian labor in the territory of Alta California between the late 18th and mid-nineteenth centuries has offered historians a major counter-example of institutionalized unfree labor within the United States. This paper focuses on explaining the social context under which the 1850 An Act for the Government and Protection of Indians developed. It argues that, despite California legislators\u27 rejection of the institutionalized slavery framework then in place in the American South, they nevertheless codified and perpetuated the subjugation of Native Americans that took place initially under Spanish and Mexican administration of California. The primary motivation for Indian policies under the administration of United States citizens, particularly the 1850 Indian Act, was to maintain control over Indian lives. Ostensibly for the protection of the Indians and non- Indian settlers alike, these policies expressly perpetuated established means of extracting resources (labor, land, water, minerals, timber, etc.) from the state\u27s indigenous population

Arabic Stemmer (Spring 2003) EnPRO 356: Arabic Stemmer EnPRO356 Spring2003 Final Presentation

This EnPRO will work on next generation search tools for Arabic processing. You do not have to be a Computer Science major or know anything about programming to be a major contributor to this project. This will be both a regular IPRO and an ENPRO so you will learn about the business side of things as well. Finally, if you are fluent in Arabic, this is really the IPRO for you. Your Arabic language skills will be heavily used. As with all regular courses, ten hours per week outside of class will be requiredSponsorship: IIT Collaboratory for Interprofessional StudiesProject Plan for EnPRO 356: Arabic Stemmer for the Spring 2003 semeste

Deployable CRISPR-Cas13a diagnostic tools to detect and report Ebola and Lassa virus cases in real-time

Outbreaks of viral hemorrhagic fevers highlight the need for sensitive, field-deployable diagnostics. Here the authors present a CRISPR-based SHERLOCK platform with field protocol and mobile app for Ebola and Lassa fever outbreaks