Estimation of Aerosol Optical Depth Using MODIS Satellite Data and Its Relation with Particulate Matter Concentration in The Mining Regions

Airborne contaminants occur in the gaseous form or as aerosols. They may exist in the form of airborne dust, sprays, mists, smokes and fumes. According to occupational health study, all these forms may be important because they relate to a wide range of occupational health diseases. The atmosphere in the mines is always associated with dust, fumes and different gasses. Compare to underground coal mines, dust generation at opencast mines is too high. These days to fulfill the demand rate, there is an increasing in the number of opencast coal mines. Those release an enormous amount of dust. Drilling, blasting, loading and unloading, coal handling and transportation are the common sources of air pollution in mines. These air pollutants degraded the air quality, and they have an adverse impact on the health of people, animals and agriculture. Ground-based monitoring of particulate matter has been restricted to few selective sites. To overcome the problem, the present study utilised the Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) level measured from satellite data to estimate the PM2.5 concentration over different coal mines. Aerosol Optical Depth is the measure of aerosols distributed over the column of air from the earth surface to the atmosphere. The present study analyses Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data to estimate AOD levels. MODIS on board Terra and Aqua satellites are viewing the entire Earth's surface every 1 to 2 days. So that annual, seasonal and diurnal variation of AOD level can be studied. Seasonal/monthly AOD variation were estimated for the year 2014-2015 over the coal mining regions of Odisha state. Diurnal AOD variations were studied during three months (April-June, 2014). The AOD levels were extracted from the AOD maps and used for regression analysis (both simple and multiple) for prediction of particulate matter (PM2.5) dust concentrations

Bearing capacity of model footings on sand

Soil mechanics engineering is one of most important aspects of civil engineering involving the study of soil , its behaviour and application as an engineering material.good soil engineering embodies the use of the best practices in exploration,testing ,design and construction control,in addition to the basic idealized theories. with increasing load on soil due to construction of multi storeyed buildings there is a need to construct footing by conducting a test of their model in laboratory on the soil over which the foundation is to be laid. Sand is one of the soils over which foundations are laid ,so it is necessary to conduct experiments by placing different model footings over sand and find out their ultimate bearing capacity and based on these values ,it can be incorporated on to the field and foundations can be laid. Square footings of different sizes are taken and model testing of these footings are conducted and the ultimate bearing capacity of different footings are found and on the basis of these values foundations are laid on sandy soils .these values can also be compared with theoretical analysis of Terzaghi and Meyerhof ‘s to check out the difference in values of ultimate bearing capacity between a theoretical and practical analysis

SATTY: Word Sense Induction Application in Web Search Clustering

The aim of this paper is to perform Word Sense induction (WSI); which clusters web search results and produces a diversified list of search results. It describes the WSI system developed for Task 11 of SemEval -2013. This paper implements the idea of monotone submodular function optimization using greedy algorithm

Severe Oleander Poisoning Presenting with Hyperkalaemia and Unusual Electrocardiographic Changes

Background: Hyperkalaemia in oleander (Nerium oleander) poisoning has been associated with a poor prognosis. Different electrocardiographic (ECG) presentations are possible because of vagotonia and hyperkalaemia. Methods/Results: We report a series of three cases of oleander poisoning in which ECG showed unusual hyperkalaemia features, such as bradyarrhythmia, sinoatrial block, atrioventricular block and junctional rhythm. Conclusions: If arterial blood gas analysis or laboratory values indicate hyperkalaemia in oleander poisoning, the hyperkalaemia should be treated immediately, even if the ECG does not show typical hyperkalaemia features

Physiochemical response of papaya genotypes exposed to low temperature regimes

Susceptibility to low temperature stress is the major threat to papaya cultivation. Here, we studied a low temperature stress tolerance in papaya plant. We have investigated the effect of different low temperature regimes, 28°/18°C (day/night) to 16°/06°C (day/night) with a gradual decrease of 2°C on every two days and one set with direct exposure to the low temperature of 18°/08°C (day/night), called the acclimatized plant, in five diverse papaya genotypes (Pusa Nanha, Red Lady P-7-2, P-7-9, and P-7-14) and cold tolerant wild relative of cultivated papaya genotype (Vasconcellea cundinamarcensis V.M. Badillo) under controlled regulated conditions. It was observed that there were significant variations in the physiological and biochemical parameters like photosynthetic gas exchange parameters, chlorophyll content, fluorescence parameters, relative water content (RWC), membrane stability index (MSI), total sugars content, total soluble proteins content, lipid peroxidation, and proline accumulation in leaf tissues. Maximum stomatal conductance, chlorophyll fluorescence, RWC, MSI, total sugars, total soluble proteins, proline and lowest MDA contents were observed in Vasconcellea cundinamarcensis followed by inbred P-7-9 as compared to other genotypes under low temperature stress. Among all the papaya genotypes, P-7-9 showed more adaptability to low temperature stress and it further give new insights for developing low temperature tolerant papaya genotypes, especially under changing climate situations

A STUDY ON BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS IN ASSESSING THE SEVERITY OF ACUTE ORGANOPHOSPHORUS POISONING: BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF ACUTE ORGANOPHOSPHORUS POISONING

Objectives: Organophosphorus poisoning is an important global health issue with increasing mortality rate for every year particularly in developing countries since its overuse in agricultural activity. The current study was performed to analyse the clinical profile and biochemical parameters like serum cholinesterase, serum CPK, liver enzymes, serum amylase, lipase, serum k+, troponin, serum urea and creatinine on day 1 for correlation with clinical severity of poisoning. Materials and methods: Observational study was performed on 100 cases with OP poisoning at a tertiary care centre. Peradeniya OP Poisoning Scale was applied to all cases at the time of admission and the severity was designated as mild, moderate and severe taking into account 5 vital parameters like miosis, fasciculations, respiration rate, bradycardia and level of consciousness and data were statistically analysed by SPSS. Results: Rise in clinical severity of poisoning and substantial reduction in the level of serum cholinesterase was observed. The mean serum creatinine phosphokinase (CPK), troponin T (Trop T), amylase, lipase, bilirubin, AST and ALT showed marked elevation according to the severity of OP poisoning. In addition serum potassium levels showed decreased level as per the severity level. Conclusion: Initial serum cholinesterase and serum Trop T are strong predictors of clinical severity of OP Poisoning

Effect of Foliar Feeding with Nutrients and Bioregulators on Yield and Quality Attributes of Litchi cv. Bombai

Litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) is considered one of the most important sub-tropical fruits of the world. In the western part of Odisha, India, litchi growers are facing problems of unstable and lower marketable yield and inferior quality due to a higher incidence of fruit cracking, fruit drop, low sugar content, and higher fruit acidity. Keeping in mind the positive effects of nutrients and bioregulators, the current study was conducted to elucidate their impact on fruit yield and quality in the farmers’ field of Jamankira block in Sambalpur district of Odisha, which is under the care of Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, India. For this study, eight-year-old litchi trees were selected. With 12 treatments, the experiment was set up in a Randomized Block Design replicated thrice, as follows: T1: spray treatment with Borax—0.5%; T2: spray treatment with Borax—0.3%; T3: spray treatment with ZnSO4—0.75%; T4: spray treatment with ZnSO4—0.5%; T5: spray treatment with CaCl2—0.5%; T6: spray treatment with CaCl2—0.1%; T7: spray treatment with humic acid—1.5%; T8: spray treatment with humic acid—1%; T9: spray treatment with seaweed extract—0.5%; T10: spray treatment with seaweed extract—0.1%; T11: foliar spray with NAA—20 ppm; and T12: control (Water Spray). The current study compared foliar feeding treatments comprising different nutrient and bioregulators, which were applied during the first week of December, just after the completed formation of new leaves and the untreated control. The highest total number of fruits per plant was recorded in plants sprayed with 0.5% ZnSO4 (T4) followed by those treated with 1% humic acid (T8). The highest total fruit yield was recorded in plants subjected to foliar feeding with 0.3% Borax (T2) which was found to be statistically similar to plants treated with 0.1% seaweed extract (T10) and 0.5% seaweed extract (T9). Among the treatments, a better response, i.e., a higher number of marketable fruits and marketable yield, was recorded in litchi plants treated with 0.3% Borax (T2) followed by 0.5% zinc sulphate (T4), 1% humic acid (T8), and 0.1% CaCl2 (T6). The application of 1% humic acid (T8) followed by 1.5% humic acid (T9) enhanced fruit setting (%) and fruit retention rates (%) and reduced the fruit drop rate (%). The enhanced fruit size (fruit length and fruit width) and higher fruit weight was obtained in litchi plants treated with 0.3% Borax. The foliar application of 0.3% Borax (T2) also resulted in a higher TSS, total sugars, reducing sugar content, lower acidity, the highest aril weight, and lower seed weight in litchi cv. Bombai. In this research, among the five principal components, only PC1 demonstrated approximately 45.14% variability within the influential axes. PC1 contributed the highest proportion (48.9%) to the overall variability, followed by PC2 with 29.1%, PC3 with 11.9%, PC4 with 0.59%, and PC5 with 0.20%. Consequently, the outcomes of the principal component analysis indicate the presence of extensive variability among treatments