Prevalence and determinants of high risk human papilloma virus in Hyderabad, India

Background: Cervical cancer is the most common cancer among india women and age standardized mortality rate are the highest in south central Asia. In the past decade an among aetiologic association between infection with high risk human papilloma virus and development of cervical cancer has been increased. The study was aimed at studying the prevalence and determinants of high risk human papilloma virus in these patients.Methods: This study was conducted for a period of one year to know the prevalence and determinants of high risk human papilloma virus in the patients attending gynaec out patient department. A total of 266 married women between 15-75 were randomly selected for the study.Results: There is high prevalence of HPV in low (43.3%)/mid (37.4%) socio economic class (17.6%). But the result was not statistically significant (p=0.149). higher prevalence of HPV was found in multiparas (39.4%) compared to multiparas (33.3%) which was not statistically significant (p=0.233). Husbands of 252 women were circumcised out of which 96 wives were positive for HPV DNA (38.1%). Among 14 women with no history of circumcision in their husband HPV DNA positive (28.6%). Correlation of cytology with HPV DNA among different age groups showed increasing prevalence with age but the result was not statistically significant (p=0.115). the result showed that age at marriage, higher the prevalence of HPV DNA. The result was statistically significant (p=0.017). with increasing state of education, the prevalence of HPV infection decreased, but the result was not statically significant (p=0.142).51.3% of women of who were not education were positive for HPV as against only 25% of graduates were HPV positive.Conclusions: Genital hygiene, genetic polymorphisms and other environmental cofactors among HPV DNA positive women, which prevent oncogenesis

Tribological Experimentations with Jatropha Biofluid and Nanoparticles as Lubricant Additives

The use of vegetable oils as lubricants in automobiles is rapidly increasing due to the prevailing environmental aspects. Vegetable oils are also suitable for other applications because they come from renewable and sustainable natural sources and have high biodegradability and low toxicity. Nanoparticles have been extensively investigated for a long time as potential performance improvers of traditional antifriction and antiwear additives because of their inherent properties such as size and shape. The primary aim of the study is to investigate the use of jatropha oil mixed with graphite, molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles as a nanoparticle biolubricant. The nanoparticles of graphite, molybdenum disulfide, and titanium dioxide are added in varying weight percentages to jatropha oil and a tribological analysis is carried out using a pin-on-disc tribometer. The analysis is focused on tribological quantities, such as coefficient of friction, wear volume, and frictional force. The experiment was carried out for 5 minutes under varying loads at different disc speeds. At an optimum concentration of nanoparticles, the coefficient of friction, frictional force, and the wear rate were found to have the lowest values, but when the level of nanoparticles increases above the optimum level, the friction coefficient and wear rate seem to be increased. The pin-on-disc experiments revealed that nanographite powder mixed in jatropha oil gives better tribological performance than the other two tested nanopowders. Subsequently, multiple regression models are developed using input and output variables. A non-linear fit between the response and the corresponding significant parameters is considered

Studies on electrodeposition of Fe-W alloys for fuel cell applications

Electrodeposition of Fe-W alloy has been carried out from acidic triammonium citrate (TAC) complex bath solution. The deposit is characterised by XRD, SEM, EDAX, XPS and polarization techniques. The alloys are amorphous and become partially crystalline on heat treatment. The composition (Fe/W) of elements in the coating and their oxidation states vary from the surface to the bulk of the material. The coatings exhibit as novel electrode material with low over voltage and good corrosion resistance for anodic oxidation of methanol in H2SO4 medium. The anodic peak current, a measure of oxidation reaction rate is considerably high on Fe-W alloy when compared to pure Fe and also the relative surface area of Fe by alloying it with W found to increase by 1200-fold. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved