Protosan infection of small ruminants in south part of Serbia with emphasis to north Kosovo

Enteral protozoan infection was of great importance to health status of small ruminants and its performances. This was parasitic infection caused by protosoas from genus Eimeria, Cryptosporidium and Giardia. Lamb and kids infection had moderate morbidity and low mortality rate. Clinical sign of infection is usually presented in animals at 4-10 days old. The study about parasitic fauna - protozoa helminths, and arthropods of small ruminant at south part of Serbia, with emphasis to North Kosovo were performed during 2017. The study included the examination in total of herds flocks of goats and sheep from Zvečan and Leposavić district (villages Ceranja, Majdevo, Zemanica, Mure, Rudine, Žitkovac, Oraovica, Mošnica, Donji Krnjin, Belo brdo, Mioliće, Drenova and Beliće. Colected faeces samples were examined using routine coprological methods. Determination of parasites we performed by morphological characteristc. Infection with protosoa occurred at and on 46.14% of examined sheep and 29.42% of examined goat herds. Coccidiosis was found at 43 sheep and 27 goat herds. We usally occured mixed infection with 2-3 coccidia species. At sheep most abundant species were E faurei, followed by Eimeria ahsata, E.ovinoidalis, E. intricata and E. pallida. At goats most abundant species were E.arlongy, folwed by infection with E. hirci, E.nina-kohlyakimovae, E. christenseni and E. caprina. Oocyst were found at adult ant young animals, but clinical sign of disease were present only at young animals. During our examination Cryptospoidium spp. was found at 29 sheep and 23 goat herds. Determination of subspecies we not performed. Lambs between five and twenty-one days were the most susceptible for infection. Lambs cryptosporidiosis has high morbidity and mortality rate. Symptoms of acute cryptosporidiosis include inapetence, and weight loss. Infection with Giardia duodenalis was found at 2 sheep herd. Determination of subspecies we not performed

Tick fauna of the autochthonous Zackel sheep in South Serbia region

Sheep production is an example of a sustainable production fully integrated within the local rural development. One of the main threats on the outdoor breeding of sheep is parasitism. Ticks are nuisances and vectors of several diseases agents. The distribution of ticks appears to be changing, with spread to previously unaffected areas. Tick and tick-borne disease control is one of the major components of animal health program protecting livestock in the developing countries, which reflects impact on the livelihood of resource-poor farming communities. Taking into consideration the negative impact on the health status of the livestock, also the direct and indirect economic losses, it is necessary to examine the tolerance and resistance of certain species against diseases. It is one of the most important elements of the strategy of selection and screening for resistant animals. The aim of this study was to determine the tick species persisting in 45 tested autochthonous Zackel sheep flocks, and examine their seasonal occurrence from March 2010 to January 2011, in the region of South Serbia. The result showed that Ixodes, Dermacentor, Ripicephalus and Haemaphysalis were the most abundant ticks found, affecting 50.40% tested sheep. The result of this study is a survey of tick species from autochthonous Zackel sheep in Serbia and implication of possible preventions measures for diseases caused and transmitted by ticks