The JWST PEARLS View of the El Gordo galaxy cluster and of the structure it magnifies

We dedicate this study to the memory of Jill Bechtold, scholar and mentor, who with her great patience and investment in undergraduate and graduate education set many of us onto a career path in astronomy. We thank Sergey Cherkis for useful conversations and the anonymous referee for suggestions that improved the manuscript. B.L.F. obtained student support through a Faculty Challenge Grant for Increasing Access to Undergraduate Research and the Arthur L. and Lee G. Herbst Endowment for Innovation and the Science Deanʼs Innovation and Education Fund, both obtained at the University of Arizona. R.A.W. was funded by NASA JWST Interdisciplinary Scientist grants NAG5-12460, NNX14AN10G, and 80GNSSC18K0200 from NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. The BGU lensing group, L.J.F., and A.Z., acknowledge support by grant 2020750 from the United States–Israel Binational Science Foundation (BSF), grant 2109066 from the United States National Science Foundation (NSF), and the Ministry of Science & Technology, Israel. K.I.C. acknowledges funding from the Netherlands Research School for Astronomy (NOVA) and also from the Dutch Research Council (NWO), through the award of the Vici Grant VI.C.212.036. We thank the JWST Project at NASA GSFC and JWST Program at NASA HQ for their many-decades-long dedication to making the JWST mission a success. We especially thank Tony Roman, the JWST scheduling group, and Mission Operations Center staff at STScI for their continued dedicated support to getting the JWST observations scheduled. This work is based on observations made with the NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb Space Telescope. The data were obtained from the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes (MAST) at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-03127 for JWST. These observations are associated with JWST program 1176. This work is also based on observations made with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope (HST). The data were obtained from the Barbara A. Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes (MAST) at the Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI), which is operated by the Associationof Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-26555 for HST. This research has made use of data obtained from the Chandra Data Archive and software provided by the Chandra X-ray Center (CXC) in the application package CIAO

The clinical features of the piriformis syndrome: a systematic review

Piriformis syndrome, sciatica caused by compression of the sciatic nerve by the piriformis muscle, has been described for over 70 years; yet, it remains controversial. The literature consists mainly of case series and narrative reviews. The objectives of the study were: first, to make the best use of existing evidence to estimate the frequencies of clinical features in patients reported to have PS; second, to identify future research questions. A systematic review was conducted of any study type that reported extractable data relevant to diagnosis. The search included all studies up to 1 March 2008 in four databases: AMED, CINAHL, Embase and Medline. Screening, data extraction and analysis were all performed independently by two reviewers. A total of 55 studies were included: 51 individual and 3 aggregated data studies, and 1 combined study. The most common features found were: buttock pain, external tenderness over the greater sciatic notch, aggravation of the pain through sitting and augmentation of the pain with manoeuvres that increase piriformis muscle tension. Future research could start with comparing the frequencies of these features in sciatica patients with and without disc herniation or spinal stenosis

Prevalence of 22q11.2 microdeletion in 146 patients with cardiac malformation in a referral hospital of North India

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The 22q11.2 microdeletion syndrome is a common condition that is associated with cardiac as well as extra-cardiac manifestations. Its prevalence and manifestations from north India has not been reported. This study was designed to determine the prevalence and ability of clinical criteria to predict 22q11.2 microdeletion.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>A total of 146 cases of cardiac malformation requiring tertiary care at a teaching hospital were prospectively screened for 22q11.2 microdeletion using fluorescence in situ hybridization test. Detailed clinical information was obtained as per guidelines of Tobias, <it>et al </it>(1999).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Nine out of 146 patients (6.16%) was found to have 22q11.2 microdeletion. All the positive patients showed the presence of extra-cardiac features of 22q11.2 microdeletion syndrome. None of the cases with isolated cardiac defect were positive for microdeletion.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>It seems that 22q11.2 microdeletion syndrome is over-suspected in children with isolated congenital heart defects. Screening for 22q11.2 microdeletion should be considered in those cardiac malformation cases which have extra-cardiac manifestations in the form of facial dysmorphism and hypocalcaemia.</p

Doubling up on supersymmetry in the Higgs sector

We explore the possibility that physics at the TeV scale possesses approximate N =2 supersymmetry, which is reduced to the N =1 minimal supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model (MSSM) at the electroweak scale. This doubling of supersymmetry modifies the Higgs sector of the theory, with consequences for the masses, mixings and couplings of the MSSM Higgs bosons, whose phenomenological consequences we explore in this paper. The mass of the lightest neutral Higgs boson h is independent of tan β at the tree level, and the decoupling limit is realized whatever the values of the heavy Higgs boson masses. Radiative corrections to the top quark and stop squarks dominate over those due to particles in N = 2 gauge multiplets. We assume that these radiative corrections fix mh ≃ 125 GeV, whatever the masses of the other neutral Higgs bosons H, A, a scenario that we term the h2MSSM. Since the H, A bosons decouple from the W and Z bosons in the h2MSSM at tree level, only the LHC constraints on H, A and H± couplings to fermions are applicable. These and the indirect constraints from LHC measurements of h couplings are consistent with mA ≳ 200 GeV for tan β ∈ (2, 8) in the h2MSSM