Evaluation of anticancer potential of eight vegetal species from the state of Oaxaca

Background: Eight plant species from Oaxaca, some of them used in traditional medicine, were subjected to screening of several biological activities to provide data regarding their anticancer potential, although no scientific information is available about their pharmacological effects.Materials and methods: Methanol extracts from stems or roots of the eight plants were tested for antioxidant activity by the DPPH· method. Antimicrobial activity was determined using the agar diffusion method and the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was obtained by broth dilution method. Antitopoisomerase activity was assessed using mutant strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae JN362a, JN394, JN394t-1, JN394t2-4 and JN394t2-5. The mutagenic activity was evaluated using the Ames test (Salmonella typhimurium TA1535).Results: No extract showed significant antioxidant activity. The best antimicrobial activity was observed for Salpianthus arenarius (MIC 56.25 μg/mL) and Lantana achyranthifolia (MIC 78.12 μg/mL) against Staphylococcus aureus. Extracts of Acalypha cuspidata, Alloispermum integrifolium and L. achyranthifolia stems showed antitopoisomerase II activity with JN394t-1 growth of -30.88±0.0%, -38.11±4.95%, and -70.97±12.02% respectively. Galium mexicanum stem extract showed antitopoisomerase I activity with growth of 35.31±6.36% on the same mutant strain. All plant extracts were non-mutagenic. Fractionation of A. cuspidata extract led to identification of two subfractions with antitopoisomerase I and II activity at 154μg/mL (Positive controls 50 and 100μg/mL).Conclusion: Methanol extracts of A. cuspidata, A. integrifolium, G. mexicanum, and L. achyranthifolia stems showed antitopoisomerase and non-mutagenic activities, and consequently could be promising as a source of anticancer drugs.Keywords: Antitopoisomerase activity, mutagenic activity, vegetal extracts, Acalypha cuspidat

Coastal horizontal wind speed gradients in the North Sea based on observations and ERA5 reanalysis data

The transition from land to sea affects the wind field in coastal regions. From the perspective of near-coastal offshore wind farms, the coastal transition complicates the task of energy resource assessment by, for example, introducing non-homogeneity into the free wind field. To help elucidate the matter, we quantify the average horizontal wind speed gradients at progressively increasing distances from the German coast using two years of hourly ERA5 reanalysis data, and further describe the dependence of wind speed gradients on the measurement height, atmospheric stability, and season. A vertical wind lidar located on Norderney Island near the German mainland acts as our observational reference for the ERA5 data, where a good agreement ( R 2 = 0 . 9 3 $R^2 =\nobreak 0.93$ ) is found despite the relatively coarse ERA5 data resolution. Interestingly, the comparison of lidar data with the higher-resolution Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) mesoscale model yields good but relatively weaker agreement ( R 2 = 0 . 8 5 $R^2 =\nobreak 0.85$ ). The ERA5 data reveal that, for flow over the North Sea originating from the German mainland from the south, the wind speed at 10 m (110 m) above sea level increases by 30 % (20 %) some 80 km from the coast on average, and by 5 % at larger heights. An increased stratification increases the horizontal wind speed gradient at 10 m above sea level but decreases it at 110 m. Case studies using satellite and flight measurements are first analyzed to help reveal some of the underlying mechanisms governing horizontal wind speed gradients, including cases of decreasing wind speed with increasing distance from the coast, in which stable flow of warm air over the colder sea leads to an overall deceleration of the flow. The accuracy of offshore resource assessment appears to profit from utilising the horizontal wind speed gradient information contained in ERA5 reanalysis data

NIVELES DE INTERACCIÓN QUE SE PROPICIAN EN ALUMNOS DE EDUCACIÓN PRIMARIA DURANTE LA ENSEÑANZA DE LA MATERIA ESPAÑOL

de primaria durante las clases de la materia Español. Participaron nueve grupos de escuelas primarias públicas, tres de segundo, tres de cuarto y tres de sexto grado. En cada grupo se filmó una clase de aproximadamente una hora y se tomaron muestras de los productos académicos elaborados por los alumnos. Se registraron las actividades en cada momento de la clase y los niveles interactivos que se presentaban. Con base en la taxonomía de Ribes y López (1985) se ubicaron cinco niveles interactivos, de complejidad creciente, con diferentes probabilidades de generalización por parte de los alumnos. Los resultados muestran que la mayoría de las profesoras organizó actividades de lectura y copia -con lo que promueven interacciones en las cuales los niños se comportan como repetidores de información (nivel 1)-, alternando con preguntas que implican que los niños seleccionen partes de la lección (nivel 3). Se observó un descuido de actividades que implican habilidades instrumentales (nivel 2) e interacciones complejas de discusión y análisis (niveles 4 y 5). Estos resultados se comparan con los obtenidos en un estudio previo que analiza las interacciones durante la enseñanza de las ciencias naturales y se discuten en términos de las posibilidades de generalización y aplicación de lo aprendido por los estudiantes

EVALUATION OF ANTICANCER POTENTIAL OF EIGHT VEGETAL SPECIES FROM THE STATE OF OAXACA

Background: Eight plant species from Oaxaca, some of them used in traditional medicine, were subjected to screening of several biological activities to provide data regarding their anticancer potential, although no scientific information is available about their pharmacological effects. Materials and methods: Methanol extracts from stems or roots of the eight plants were tested for antioxidant activity by the DPPH· method. Antimicrobial activity was determined using the agar diffusion method and the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was obtained by broth dilution method. Antitopoisomerase activity was assessed using mutant strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae JN362a, JN394, JN394t-1, JN394t2-4 and JN394t2-5. The mutagenic activity was evaluated using the Ames test (Salmonella typhimurium TA1535). Results: No extract showed significant antioxidant activity. The best antimicrobial activity was observed for Salpianthus arenarius (MIC 56.25 μg/mL) and Lantana achyranthifolia (MIC 78.12 μg/mL) against Staphylococcus aureus. Extracts of Acalypha cuspidata, Alloispermum integrifolium and L. achyranthifolia stems showed antitopoisomerase II activity with JN394t-1 growth of -30.88±0.0%, -38.11±4.95%, and -70.97±12.02% respectively. Galium mexicanum stem extract showed antitopoisomerase I activity with growth of 35.31±6.36% on the same mutant strain. All plant extracts were non-mutagenic. Fractionation of A. cuspidata extract led to identification of two subfractions with antitopoisomerase I and II activity at 154μg/mL (Positive controls 50 and 100μg/mL). Conclusion: Methanol extracts of A. cuspidata, A. integrifolium, G. mexicanum, and L. achyranthifolia stems showed antitopoisomerase and non-mutagenic activities, and consequently could be promising as a source of anticancer drugs

Políticas para la solidaridad económica y el Buen Vivir en México

Esta obra presenta un conjunto de reflexiones sobre cómo impulsar la solidaridad económica en México, considerando las necesidades de las organizaciones solidarias y en asociación con un nuevo proyecto de sociedad, el Buen Vivir, analizando experiencias de "políticas públicas" en diversos países latinoamericanos y en México. Se critica la visión hegemónica de pobreza y, frente a la concepción dominante de lo "privado" y lo "público", se sostiene que hay "privados" y "públicos", introduciendo los conceptos de privado mercantil-público estatal y de privado solidario-público no estatal, sosteniendo que ambos se basan en racionalidades opuestas y que el impulso de las prácticas económicas solidarias no debería centrarse en lo público estatal sino en la construcción de estructuras de poder alternativas que resistan al capitalismo y su Estado y se orienten a establecer un proyecto de sociedad distante de la modernidad, del Progreso-Desarrollo y a solidarizar la economía y la vida social en su conjunto

Políticas para la solidaridad económica y el Buen Vivir en México

Esta obra presenta un conjunto de reflexiones sobre cómo impulsar la solidaridad económica en México, considerando las necesidades de las organizaciones solidarias y en asociación con un nuevo proyecto de sociedad, el Buen Vivir, analizando experiencias de "políticas públicas" en diversos países latinoamericanos y en México. Se critica la visión hegemónica de pobreza y, frente a la concepción dominante de lo "privado" y lo "público", se sostiene que hay "privados" y "públicos", introduciendo los conceptos de privado mercantil-público estatal y de privado solidario-público no estatal, sosteniendo que ambos se basan en racionalidades opuestas y que el impulso de las prácticas económicas solidarias no debería centrarse en lo público estatal sino en la construcción de estructuras de poder alternativas que resistan al capitalismo y su Estado y se orienten a establecer un proyecto de sociedad distante de la modernidad, del Progreso-Desarrollo y a solidarizar la economía y la vida social en su conjunto

Aborto no Brasil e no mundo: uma revisão integrativa de literatura

Introdução: O abortamento é definido pela Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) como uma interrupção voluntária ou involuntária da gravidez até as 22 semanas de gestação ou com um feto de até 500g. É importante destacar três tipos de abortos existentes: o aborto inseguro, o espontâneo e o induzido. O aborto é realizado no Brasil apenas em situações especificas, em contrapartida, existem outros países em que o aborto é legalizado, como no  Reino Unido, Canadá e Argentina. Objetivo: esclarecer as diferenças das medidas adotadas para o aborto no Brasil e no mundo e o impacto de tal ação na sociedade. Metodologia: Revisão integrativa com levantamento de dados da literatura, por meio das bases de dados Pubmed e Scielo, sendo selecionados artigos relacionados ao tema e publicados entre os anos 2010 à 2023. Discussão: Conforme pesquisa realizada, é perceptível que o aborto é um problema de saúde em muitos países. Em regiões desenvolvidas, tendem a adotar a legalização do aborto. No Brasil, não é permitida essa ação, salvo exceções, o que influencia o aborto clandestino. Além disso, apresenta-se uma reflexão sobre a consequência psicológica da mulher que passou por um estupro e aborto. Conclusão: A pauta do abortamento é de extrema importância sendo necessárias mais pesquisas e investigações sobre o tema para que sejam adotadas medidas de prevenção e orientação

Production of He-4 and (4) in Pb-Pb collisions at root(NN)-N-S=2.76 TeV at the LHC

Results on the production of He-4 and (4) nuclei in Pb-Pb collisions at root(NN)-N-S = 2.76 TeV in the rapidity range vertical bar y vertical bar <1, using the ALICE detector, are presented in this paper. The rapidity densities corresponding to 0-10% central events are found to be dN/dy4(He) = (0.8 +/- 0.4 (stat) +/- 0.3 (syst)) x 10(-6) and dN/dy4 = (1.1 +/- 0.4 (stat) +/- 0.2 (syst)) x 10(-6), respectively. This is in agreement with the statistical thermal model expectation assuming the same chemical freeze-out temperature (T-chem = 156 MeV) as for light hadrons. The measured ratio of (4)/He-4 is 1.4 +/- 0.8 (stat) +/- 0.5 (syst). (C) 2018 Published by Elsevier B.V.Peer reviewe

Relatório de Estágio Profissional

Relatório final do estágio profissionalizante do 6º ano