Multimodal approach to the international transit transport

In the article not only the problems of multi-modal and inter-modal conveyances in Lithuania and the concept of transit and the transit system stimulating factors are analysed, but also the modelling of transit transport and the flows of the loads are given. The main part of the article comes to the analysis of resent situation of Lithuania. In this part the place of transport sector in the market of transit services is analysed and the transit profit for Lithuanian economy is evaluated. The conclusions and proposals are given at the end of the article

The comparative analysis of Lithuanian and Latvian transit transport

The results of the comparative analysis of Lithuanian and Latvian transit transport show that transit transport systems of these countries compete against each other. Latvia has evidently better developed harbours, which are able to process bigger scopes of loads. In comparison with Lithuanian transit transport system, Latvia has the competitive advantages, which are determined by its historical and trading relations, infrastructure, socio-cultural environment and traditions as well as more favourable integration with other systems of transport. In this article general indicators of sea and railroads transit transport as well as the problems, which impede the development of transport system, are analysed. It is suggested to pay attention to the proposed strategic directions of transit services development as well as to solve (on the governmental level) the questions of competition choosing the cooperation policy of Lithuanian and Latvian systems of transit transport

Principles for modelling technological processes investigation into the strength and durability of automatic coupler SA-3 in railway carriages

The paper presents the durability analysis of the automatic coupler in railway carriages. The loading of the automatic coupler predetermined by the weight of a train, train speed and railway relief is a time-dependent variable. The finite element method was used for stress-strain state calculation taking into account acting forces. In order to reduce stress concentration, the geometry of the automatic coupler’s body was modified. Modelling results for different rounded radii demonstrated it was possible to reduce stress concentration up to 34%. Under maximum forces, plastic strain occurs in the automatic coupler’s body. The calculation of strain and stress state in the body of the automatic coupler shows it is under a static, low and high cycle loading. Therefore, to calculate the durability of the automatic coupler, the dependencies for low cycle nonstationary stress limited loading has been proposed evaluating low cycle quasi-static and fatigue damages. In order to evaluate high cycle fatigue damage, a linear law for the summation of loading cycles has been suggested. For low cycle damage evaluation, the calculation method for the summation of fatigue and quasi-static damages created at one loading cycle taking into account loading level and neglecting the sequence of cycles has been put forward. Thus, to calculate the automatic coupler for each specific case, it is necessary to determine the number of loading cycles at each loading level and to evaluate durability considering dependencies presented in this paper

Multicriteria analysis measurement of the road transport corridor impact on the environment

This paper describes how transport is one of the main branches of any economy without which the functioning of a modern economy is, in general, impossible. It ensures necessary economic links and joins all industrial units of a country into one whole, thus establishing the conditions for an economy to function coherently and efficiently. Thus, transport is an important branch of an economy. However, its infrastructure expansion needs high levels of investment. This is why investment projects for the development of the transport structure have to be thoroughly selected and their implementation has to ensure sufficient efficiency. Taking into account that transport generates a number of adverse effects from both transport infrastructures and vehicles, the indirect ones – environmental influences might be included into the group – may have even greater consequences on society than its direct effects