Alternative natural deliming agents

BASF;Clariant Iberica;Colorantes Industriales;Cromogenia Units;Dercosa;et al.31st Congress of the International Union of Leather Technologists and Chemists Societies, IULTCS 2011 -- 27 September 2011 through 30 September 2011 -- 109691This study elucidates whether the herbal extracts can be used instead of various chemical substances used in the process of deliming. To that end, the extracts of christ's thorn seed (Paliurus spinachristi), red radish (Raphanus sativus var. radicula) and black radish (Raphanus sativus var. niger) were employed in the deliming process. Calcium content of the leathers has been identified with Perkin Elmer Optima 2100 DV ICP-OES (Inductively Coupled Plasma- Optical Emission Spectrometry). As a result of the controls carried out, it was concluded that red radish and especially black radish extract have a considerable deliming effect. SEM images of the grain surface are also shown in this paper

How Raman spectroscopy can be used to examine the structural changes caused by certain Penicillium species on chrome-tanned leather

Raman spectroscopy was used to elucidate structural changes of wet blue sheep leather due to the growth of fungi belonging to the genus Penicillium. After chrome tanning while leathers are still wet, they are prone to be affected by Penicillium, resulting in degradation of leather structure. In this study, different fungi species -Penicillium glabrum, Penicillium commune, Penicillium echinilatum, Penicillium brevicompactum and Penicillium chrysogenum- were inoculated on wet blues and let grown for 14 months. After 14 months, changes on wet blue structure were investigated with Raman spectroscopy. The results showed that chrome-tanned sheep leathers are affected to different degrees by various fungi from the Penicillium

The effect of different paraffin emulsions on the thermal stability of collagen

34th International Union of Leather Technologists and Chemist Societies Congress, IULTCS 2017 -- 5 February 2017 through 8 February 2017 -- 133186Paraffin emulsions are an important lubricating agent in meeting needs for present-day leather properties. The fatliquoring process with paraffins penetrates deeply between fiber bundles and bonds physically or chemically with the reactive groups of collagen. In our study, paraffin emulsions containing ZnO nanoparticles were used to develop the stability of modified collagen. Zinc oxide paraffin emulsions were applied to the leather in the fatliquoring process. Shrinkage temperatures of leathers (Ts) were determined with a special test apparatus according to the IUP 16 standard method. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements carried out on the fatliquored leather at a constant heating rate were used to determine denaturation temperatures (Td) and melting temperatures (Tm) of the fatliquored leather. The results of the research show that the thermal stability of leathers was improved remarkably by fatliquoring with all paraffin emulsions

Production of Calendula flower (Calendula officinalis L. ) and keratin containing cream from leather industry wastes

BASF;Clariant Iberica;Colorantes Industriales;Cromogenia Units;Dercosa;et al.31st Congress of the International Union of Leather Technologists and Chemists Societies, IULTCS 2011 -- 27 September 2011 through 30 September 2011 -- 109691This study elaborates the use of keratin extracted from wastes at the end of unhairing process in the leather industry. Keratin is purified according to an oxidation method for producing cream. The experimental process to prepare the cream includes O/W emulsion method with keratin and Calendula officinalis flower extract (Calendula officinalis L. ). The results of the study have shown that keratin obtained from unhairing wastes of leather industry can be used in producing a cream with calendula flower ingredient. As a result, the usability of keratin, which is obtained from unhairing wastes of the leather industry in the production of calendula flower -containing cream has been inspected