Anthropogenic substrate-borne vibrations impact anuran calling

Anthropogenic disturbance is a major cause of the biodiversity crisis. Nevertheless, the role of anthropogenic substrate vibrations in disrupting animal behavior is poorly understood. Amphibians comprise the terrestrial vertebrates most sensitive to vibrations, and since communication is crucial to their survival and reproduction, they are a suitable model for investigating this timely subject. Playback tests were used to assess the effects of substrate vibrations produced by two sources of anthropogenic activity– road traffic and wind turbines– on the calling activity of a naïve population of terrestrial toads. In their natural habitat, a buried tactile sound transducer was used to emit simulated traffic and wind turbine vibrations, and changes in the toads’ acoustic responses were analyzed by measuring parameters important for reproductive success: call rate, call duration and dominant frequency. Our results showed a significant call rate reduction by males of Alytes obstetricans in response to both seismic sources, whereas other parameters remained stable. Since females of several species prefer males with higher call rates, our results suggest that anthropogenically derived substrate-borne vibrations could reduce individual reproductive success. Our study demonstrates a clear negative effect of anthropogenic vibrations on anuran communication, and the urgent need for further investigation in this area

Prevalence of Congenital Anomalies of the Upper Limbs in Brazil: a descriptive cross-sectional study

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Congenital Anomalies of the Upper Limb (CAUL) are a group of structural or functional abnormalities that develop during intrauterine life and can lead to limb dysfunction. OBJECTIVES: To analyze the prevalence of congenital anomalies of the upper limbs in Brazil and assess maternal and neonatal variables. DESIGN AND SETTING: A cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted on congenital upper limb malformations among live births across Brazil. METHODS: The study spanned from 2010 to 2019. Data were sourced from the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System (DATASUS) and the Live Birth Information System (SINASC) portal. Analyses focused on the information reported in field 41 of the Live Birth Declaration Form entered into the computerized system. RESULTS: The most common anomaly in Brazil was supernumerary fingers, classified as ICD-Q69.0, affecting 11,708 children, with a prevalence of 4.02 per 10,000 live births. Mothers aged over 40 years had a 36% higher prevalence of having children with CAUL than mothers under 40 years old (OR = 1.36; 95% CI 1.19-1.56). Newborns weighing ≥ 2,499 g were 2.64 times more likely to have CAUL compared to those weighing ≥ 2,500 g (OR = 2.64; 95% CI 2.55-2.73). CONCLUSION: There was an observed increase in the reporting of CAUL cases over the decade studied. This trend serves as an alert for health agencies, as understanding the prevalence of CAUL and its associated factors is crucial for preventive medicine

Implicações da radiação na saúde dos profissionais que utilizam a fluoroscopia na prática diária: Implications of radiation on the health of professionals who use the fluoroscopy in daily practice

O presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar as implicações da radiação na saúde dos profissionais que utilizam o arco cirúrgico na prática diária. Neste estudo foi realizada uma revisão sistemática da literatura. Para seleção das publicações foram considerados como critérios de inclusão estar disponível em formato completo, publicado nos últimos cinco anos (2018-2022), escritas em língua portuguesa e inglesa. E como critérios de exclusão foram considerados estar foram do tema de pesquisa, ser revisão de literatura e repetido na base de dados. Os critérios de inclusão e exclusão foram considerados como meio de validade metodológica. Concluiu-se a partir desse estudo que apesar de baixos níveis de radiação emitidos por arco cirúrgico, os riscos ainda são significativos, verificando-se a necessidade de conscientização dos profissionais de saúde sobre a proteção necessária para mitigação das implicações, principalmente, entre os menos experientes.&nbsp

La administración electrónica como herramienta de inclusión digital

¿Puede ser la administración electrónica una herramienta de inclusión digital? ¿Qué puede aportar la administración electrónica para avanzar en la inclusión digital? ¿Qué podemos hacer, cada uno desde nuestra actividad, para favorecer la inclusión digital? Estas son algunas de las preguntas que se formulaban los participantes en las III Jornadas sobre Derecho y Tecnología así como al XI Encuentro de Gobierno Electrónico e Inclusión Digital, celebrados en Zaragoza los días 23 y 24 de mayo de 2011. Cada uno, desde su perspectiva, trató de aportar ideas en esa línea que marcamos en la convocatoria del evento: «La administración electrónica como herramienta de inclusión digital». Estas aportaciones están recogidas en este libro, agrupadas en tres bloques diferentes. En el primero, bajo el título Políticas de inclusión digital desde la perspectiva de la administración electrónica, tienen cabida aquellas reflexiones sobre qué hacer para favorecer la inclusión digital desde la administración electrónica, con enfoques concretos en Brasil o Iberoamérica, o de tipo general, aplicable en cualquier país. En el segundo, el título Casos reales de inclusión digital desde la perspectiva de la administración electrónica reúne experiencias concretas llevadas a cabo en España y Brasil. Por último, y no menos importante, el título Inclusión digital desde las aulas universitarias recoge propuestas para fomentar la inclusión digital desde las aulas universitarias

Síndrome do coração Pós-feriado: pacientes acometidos por arritmia cardíaca em detrimento do consumo exagerado de álcool: Post Holiday coração Syndrome: patients suffered by cardiac arrhythmia to the detriment of exaggerated alcohol consumption

INTRODUÇÃO: O álcool é conhecido por beneficiar o sistema cardiovascular com a ativação do sistema fibrinolítico, redução da agregação de plaquetas e aperfeiçoamento do perfil lipídico, entre outros mecanismos, quando consumido em doses moderadas. Todavia, seu uso de maneira abusiva culmina em patologias graves que podem evoluir para a morte, como a hipertensão arterial, a cardiomiopatia alcoólica, a arritmia cardíaca e até a “Síndrome do Coração Pós Feriado” ou do inglês, “Holiday Heart Syndrome”. OBJETIVOS: O presente estudo tem como objetivo delinear sobre a Síndrome do Coração Pós Feriado, transpassando por suas características clínicas, repercussões eletrofisiológicas, diagnóstico e manejo terapêutico. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Dessa forma, o presente trabalho realizou uma revisão sistemática qualitativa, realizado no período entre julho e agosto de 2022, através de artigos das bases de dados Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) e United States National Library of Medicine (PubMed). RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÃO: A interação do álcool no organismo está diretamente relacionada com o sistema nervoso autônomo do indivíduo, gerando um estado de desequilíbrio autonômico, assim há alterações elétricas, como acréscimo da frequência cardíaca, gerando um estado de taquicardia. A principal patologia encontrada em questão foi a taquicardia sinusal, sendo um tipo de arritmia e por conseguinte, notou-se a presença da fibrilação atrial, sendo o excesso no consumo de etanol é causador de aproximadamente 67% dos casos de emergências desta última enfermidade. CONCLUSÃO: Portanto, com base na literatura analisada, observou-se que a ingestão alcoólica aguda age retardando o sistema de condução cardíaco, atua no encurtamento do período refratário e o aumento da atividade simpática, além de aumentar os níveis de catecolaminas circulantes. Por fim, também se evidenciou uma associação entre álcool e fatores de risco, principalmente hipertensão e obesidade e essas patologias aumentam os episódios de fibrilação atrial

Rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART): Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is associated with high in-hospital mortality. Alveolar recruitment followed by ventilation at optimal titrated PEEP may reduce ventilator-induced lung injury and improve oxygenation in patients with ARDS, but the effects on mortality and other clinical outcomes remain unknown. This article reports the rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART). Methods/Design: ART is a pragmatic, multicenter, randomized (concealed), controlled trial, which aims to determine if maximum stepwise alveolar recruitment associated with PEEP titration is able to increase 28-day survival in patients with ARDS compared to conventional treatment (ARDSNet strategy). We will enroll adult patients with ARDS of less than 72 h duration. The intervention group will receive an alveolar recruitment maneuver, with stepwise increases of PEEP achieving 45 cmH(2)O and peak pressure of 60 cmH2O, followed by ventilation with optimal PEEP titrated according to the static compliance of the respiratory system. In the control group, mechanical ventilation will follow a conventional protocol (ARDSNet). In both groups, we will use controlled volume mode with low tidal volumes (4 to 6 mL/kg of predicted body weight) and targeting plateau pressure <= 30 cmH2O. The primary outcome is 28-day survival, and the secondary outcomes are: length of ICU stay; length of hospital stay; pneumothorax requiring chest tube during first 7 days; barotrauma during first 7 days; mechanical ventilation-free days from days 1 to 28; ICU, in-hospital, and 6-month survival. ART is an event-guided trial planned to last until 520 events (deaths within 28 days) are observed. These events allow detection of a hazard ratio of 0.75, with 90% power and two-tailed type I error of 5%. All analysis will follow the intention-to-treat principle. Discussion: If the ART strategy with maximum recruitment and PEEP titration improves 28-day survival, this will represent a notable advance to the care of ARDS patients. Conversely, if the ART strategy is similar or inferior to the current evidence-based strategy (ARDSNet), this should also change current practice as many institutions routinely employ recruitment maneuvers and set PEEP levels according to some titration method.Hospital do Coracao (HCor) as part of the Program 'Hospitais de Excelencia a Servico do SUS (PROADI-SUS)'Brazilian Ministry of Healt

Tetracha brasiliensis brasiliensis (Kirky, 1818) (Coleoptera: Cicindelidae) as a predator of newly-metamorphosed anurans

Here we report two cases of predation on newly-metamorphosed frogs by the tiger beetle, Tetracha brasiliensis brasiliensis, in southern Brazil

Abarema Pittier

Abarema Pittier in Trab. Mus. Comercial Venezuela 2: 86. 1927. ≡ Pithecolobium sect. Abaremotemon Benth., London Journal of Botany 3: 203. 1844. Lectotype: Pithecollobiu m auaremotemo Mart. [= Abarema cochliacarpos (Gomes) Barneby & J.W.Grimes] (designated by Britton & Killip, 1936). (Fig 1) Shrubs and trees without spines; bark reddish, branches pubescent, pulverulent, with conspicuous lenticels; stipules triangular, brown-greenish, usually caducous. Leaves bipinnate, alternate; nectaries sessile, patelliform, situated between all pairs of pinnae and generally in the last pair of leaflets of each pinnae; petiole, rachis and pinnae rachillae with a ferruginous pubescent, pulverulent indumentum, canaliculate; pinnae opposite, one to five jugate, leaflets sessile, opposite, chartaceous or membranaceous, asymmetric, lanceolate, obovate or oblanceolate, indumentum present or not, venation brochidodromous. Inflorescences axillary, homomorphic, capitate racemes; peduncle with a ferruginous pubescent, pulverulent indumentum; bract triangular, pubescent, caducous; bracteoles spatulate, triangular, pubescent, usually caducous; flowers pentamerous; calyx green, campanulate, lobes 5, each lobe with apex acute and pilose; corolla green, campanulate, infundibuliform, lobes 5, each lobe with apex acute and pilose; androecium with many stamens (more than 10), white, exserted from the corolla, filaments partially fused into a tube, the fused portion inserted or exserted from the corolla; anthers dehiscing longitudinally; ovary superior, subsessile, truncate or attenuate at the apex, glabrous or pilose, stigma punctiform. Legumes spiraled, epicarp brown, with a ferruginous pulverulent indumentum, endocarp brown-orange; seeds obovate, bicolored white and dark bluish, with an open pleurogram, in the upper half of the seed, the basal portion of the pleurogram truncate. Distribution: —The genus occurs in coastal Atlantic Forest, from Rio de Janeiro state in Southeast Brazil to Rio Grande do Norte in Northeast Brazil. In inland Bahia, in Northeast Brazil, it also occurs in Caatinga vegetation (Fig 2). TWO SPECIES. Abarema cochliacarpos and Abarema diamantina. Identification key to the species of Abarema 1. Staminal tube inserted within the corolla; seeds with a smooth testa........................................................... Abarema cochliacarpos - Staminal tube exserted from the corolla; seeds with a foveolate testa.............................................................. Abarema diamantinaPublished as part of Guerra, Ethiéne, Soares, Marcos Vinicius Batista, Morim, Marli Pires & Iganci, João Ricardo Vieira, 2023, Circumscription of Abarema (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, Mimosoid clade), pp. 51-60 in Phytotaxa 601 (1) on pages 53-54, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.601.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/812945

Abarema cochliacarpos Barneby & J. W. Grimes. A. 1996

1. <i>Abarema cochliacarpos</i> (Gomes) Barneby & J.W.Grimes (1996: 94) <p> ≡ <i>Mimosa cochliacarpos</i> Gomes (1812: 34) <b>Type</b>:— BRAZIL. <i>habitat in montibus, frequens, ut tratidur, in Brasiliae provinciis S. Paulo, et Minas Geraes; occurrit raro in Rio janeira.</i> (Lectotype: Mem. Acad. Real. Sci. Lisboa: vol. 3, p l: 34–41, t. 4, fig. 3, designated by Iganci & Morim, 2009). <b>Epitype</b>:— BRAZIL. Bahia: Porto Seguro, BR–367, 12 km W de Porto Seguro, 27 Nov. 1979, <i>S. A. Mori, A. M. Carvalho & D. Halloran s.n.</i> (RB 204952!, designated by Iganci & Morim, 2009). ≡ <i>Pithecolobium cochliocarpum</i> (Gomes) Macbr. (1919: 3).</p> <p> <i>=</i> <i>Pithecollobium auaremotemo</i> Mart. (Martius 1837: 115) Type: not found.</p> <p> <i>=</i> <i>Mimosa vaga</i> Vell. (Vellozo 1831: tab 13) Type: Flora Fluminensis, vol.11, tab 13!</p> <p>Fig 3 and additional illustrations in Iganci & Morim (2009).</p> <p> <i>Shrub or tree</i> (2–) 3–30 m tall. <i>Stipules</i> 0.3–1.5 mm long, caducous. <i>Leaves</i> with (1–) 2–4 (–5) pairs of pinnae; petiole 0.5–6.5 cm long; rachis (1.5–) 5–9 (–18) cm long; foliar nectaries on the rachis 0.5–1 mm diam., and on the pinnae rachillae 0.09–0.8 mm diam. <i>Leaflets</i> 2–6 pairs per pinnae, membranaceous, discolorous when mature, light green on the adaxial surface, dark green on the abaxial surface, obovate to oblanceolate, apex acute to acuminate, sometimes rounded on the young leaflets, the proximal leaflets (0.6–) 1–2 (–3.1) × (0.4–) 0.8–1.5 (–2.1) cm, the distal leaflets (1.2–) 3.5–5.5 (–11.5) × (0.7–) 1.7–3 (–5) cm, the apex acute to acuminate, sometimes rounded on the young leaflets, glabrous, venation usually not prominent, but sometimes with prominent venation on the abaxial surface. <i>Inflorescences</i> peduncle (2.8–) 5–8 (–11) cm long; bracts 0.3–1.10 mm, caducous; bracteoles triangular 0.4 × 0.3 mm, and spatulate 0.35 × 0.12 mm, pubescent. <i>Flowers</i> sessile but a few flowers, generally at the base of some racemes, can have pedicels 0.10–0.40 (–0.88) mm long; calyx 1.2–2.8 mm long; corolla 4.1–7.8 mm long; stamens 9–18.3 mm long, including a staminal tube 3.1–7.5 mm long, this inserted in the corolla; anthers 0.06–0.3 mm long; ovary 0.8–1.7 mm long, glabrous, attenuate at the apex. <i>Legumes</i> (6.3–) 14–25 (–32) × 0.7–2.6 cm, apex rounded. <i>Seeds</i> 4–8.3 × 3.6–7.7 mm, with a smooth testa.</p> <p> <b>Distribution and habitat:</b> — <i>Abarema cochliacarpos</i> is distributed along the Brazilian coast, from the state of Rio Grande do Norte in the northeast to Rio de Janeiro in the southeast; it occurs in Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Alagoas, Sergipe, Bahia, Espírito Santo and Minas Gerais. In Bahia, in the Caatinga biome of the Chapada Diamantina it also occurs as an inland form. On the coast it occurs in Atlantic Forest sensu lato, including in: dense ombrophilous forest, semi-deciduous forest and restinga (coastal scrub).</p> <p> <b>Flowers and fruits information:</b> —Flowers and fruits observed all year long. Flowers mature principally from September to December. Fruits mature principally from January to March.</p> <p> <b>Conservation status:</b> —The species presents a large Extent of Occurrence (EOO 836,532.918 km ²) and in comparison, a reduced Area of Occurrence (AOO 2,736.000 km²). This difference could be due to distinct collection efforts, a natural fragmented distribution, and/or loss of habitat caused by ongoing exploitation and agricultural expansion. The species was assessed as of Least Concern (<b>LC</b>) by Watkinson (2012). Here, we confirm the assession as <b>LC</b>, according to the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria (2022), as the species was found in protected areas along its distribution. Therefore, we reinforce that the ongoing fragmentation of habitat is a threat to the species.</p> <p> <b>Notes:</b> —Across its entire geographical range, <i>Abarema cochliacarpos</i> presents morphological variation in some characters, such as plant height, leaves and fruits. In the leaves, even within an individual, it is common to find a remarkable variation of number and size of leaflets. Barneby & Grimes (1996) commented that the fruits in the Northeast populations, as far south as Bahia, are thicker than in the remaining distribution area of the species. Lewis (1987) emphasized the occurrence of two different morphotypes in Bahia state, diagnosable principally by plant height. After detailed analyses of herbarium specimens, a morphometric study, and observation of populations in the field, we confirm that different morphotypes do exist and note that various environmental features are likely influencing the morphological variation observed (Guerra <i>et al.</i> 2019). We also observed that along the coast the species can be considered a pioneer, in secondary forests.</p> <p> In the northeast of Brazil, the species is commonly used in local medicine because of the presence of tannins; the stem bark is used in infusions to treat wounds and ulcers (Dias <i>et al.</i>, 2012).</p> <p> Martius (1837) described <i>Pithecollobium auaremotemo</i> based on <i>Mimosa cochliacarpos</i> Gomes. He used the epithet “auaremotemo”, instead of “cochliacarpos”, following the first mention of the species by Pisonis: “ <i>De Abaremo temo arbore, ejusque facultatibus”</i> (Pisonis, 1658). Many later studies erroneously cited Martius’s work as the original description of the species. However, combinations based on the Martius binomial should be considered non-validly published names.</p> <p> <b>Selected material:—</b> <b>BRAZIL.</b> Rio de Janeiro: Armaç„o de Búzios, Rasa, 27.Aug.2004, <i>H. G.Dantas 408</i> (ICN, RB); Reserva Tauá, 17.May.2005, <i>R. D.Ribeiro et al. 467</i> (ICN, RB); Arraial do Cabo, Ilha de Cabo Frio, vertente N, 22.Nov.2001, <i>C.Farney et al. 4413</i> (ICN, K, MBM, RB SPF, US), 01.Sept.2004, <i>R. D.Ribeiro et al. 326</i> (RB), no Lageado após o farol velho, 17.Nov.2015, <i>E.Guerra et al. 105, 106</i> (ICN), na parte baixa, 17.Nov.2015, <i>E.Guerra et al. 107, 108</i> (ICN); Maricá, Ponta do Fund„o, margem da Lagoa da Barra, 03.Apr.1996, <i>M. C. L</i> <i>.</i> <i>Ramos 1112</i> (ICN, RB); Nova Iguaçu, Parque Municipal de Nova Iguaçu, estrada da Cachoeira, 4.Sep.2002, <i>M. C. F</i> <i>.</i> <i>Santos et al. 908</i> (RB); Rio de Janeiro, Chácara do Guimar „es, Leblon, 10.Oct.1947, <i>O.X.deB.Machado s.n.</i> (ICN, RB 76099); Estrada de acesso ao Corcovado, entrada do Sumaré, 16.Oct.1972, <i>J.Almeida de Jesus 2036</i> (ICN, RB); subida para a Pedra da Gávea, 16.Apr.1974, <i>D.Sucre et al. 10702</i> (ICN, RB); Parque Nacional da Tijuca, estrada para Corcovado, 22.Sep.1982, <i>H. C.de Lima 1787</i> (ICN, RB); Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, seç„o XIV, canteiro A. indivíduo 3077, 28.Sep.1989, <i>V. F</i> <i>.</i> <i>Gonçalves et al. 41</i> (ICN, RB); Maciço da Tijuca, 15.Apr.1994, <i>J. M. A</i> <i>.</i> <i>Braga 1138</i> (RB); Paquetá, Morro do Parque Ducke, 9.May.1998, <i>R. M</i> <i>.</i> <i>Araújo et al. 260</i> (ICN, RB); Floresta da Tijuca, Pedra da Gávea, Pé de Carrasqueira, 09.Mar.2004, <i>R</i> <i>.</i> <i>D.Ribeiro et al. 97</i> (ICN, RB); Floresta Nacional da Tijuca, Vista Chinesa, 23.Nov.2015, <i>E</i> <i>.</i> <i>Guerra et al. 109</i> (ICN);</p>Published as part of <i>Guerra, Ethiéne, Soares, Marcos Vinicius Batista, Morim, Marli Pires & Iganci, João Ricardo Vieira, 2023, Circumscription of Abarema (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, Mimosoid clade), pp. 51-60 in Phytotaxa 601 (1)</i> on pages 55-56, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.601.1.3, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/8129458">http://zenodo.org/record/8129458</a&gt

Exploração de recursos alimentares por psitacídeos (Aves: Psittaciformes) em uma área urbana no Brasil

Parrots living in cities can use urban parks for breeding, refuge or feeding. However, there is little knowledge about the diet of parrots in these environments. We identified food resources exploited by parrots in urban public parks and examined the foraging strategies employed. The study was conducted in 10 parks in the city of Uberlândia, MG, Brazil, from May to December 2011. The psittacids were investigated by focal animal and ad libitum methods. Observations were carried out in the morning and late afternoon, totaling 480 hours of sampling effort. A total of 278 feeding events were recorded. The parrot species for which foraging records were obtained were Eupsittula aurea, Psittacara leucophthalmus, Brotogeris chiriri and Diopsittaca nobilis. The parrots consumed food resources from 33 plant species, including fruit (pulp only, pulp with seed or seed only), flowers, nectar and leaves. The most exploited plant families were Fabaceae, Bignoniaceae and Arecaceae. The diet of the psittacids was quite diverse, where they exploited a wide range of plants, especially exotic species. These results demonstrated the importance of green areas for the feeding, refuge and conservation of some parrot species in urban centers. Psitacídeos que vivem em cidades podem utilizar as praças urbanas como áreas para reprodução, refúgio ou alimentação. No entanto, existe pouco conhecimento sobre a dieta dessas aves nestes ambientes. Assim, este trabalho teve como objetivos identificar os recursos alimentares explorados por psitacídeos em praças urbanas e verificar as estratégias de forrageamento utilizadas. Foram visitados 10 praças urbanas da cidade de Uberlândia, MG, Brasil, no período de maio a dezembro de 2011. As aves foram investigadas pelos métodos animal-focal e ad libitum. As observações foram realizadas pela manhã e no final da tarde, totalizando 480 h de esforço amostral. Foram registrados 278 eventos de alimentação de quatro espécies de psitacídeos: Eupsittula aurea, Psittacara leucophthalmus, Brotogeris chiriri e Diopsittaca nobilis. As aves observadas consumiram recursos alimentares de 33 espécies vegetais, incluindo frutos (somente polpa, polpa junto com semente ou somente semente), flores, néctar e folhas. As famílias de plantas mais exploradas foram Fabaceae, Bignoniaceae e Arecaceae. A dieta dos psitacídeos foi bastante diversificada, com a exploração de uma ampla gama de espécies vegetais, principalmente as exóticas. Isso evidencia a importância das praças urbanas na alimentação, permanência e conservação de algumas espécies de psitacídeos nos centros urbanos