Internship as a Contingency Based Experiential Learning Program for More Effective Organizational Socialization: A Conceptual Framework

Internship, as a learning process, is considered to be experiential in nature. Data gathered about the design and administration of ongoing internship programs operated by academic departments within a state university indicate that internship program, as an experiential learning device, is a flexible tool capable of being targeted towards multiple objectives. In this paper, design considerations for one such objective--organizational socialization--have been conceptualized

Development of Multiple Value Orientations In Conflict Resolution Behavior: An Experiential Teaching Paradigm in Labor-Management Relations Course

The teaching of conflict management requires attention to two major aspects. First, the type of classroom climate necessary for optimal development of participants’ cognitive and behavioral skills in the context of conflict. Second, the value orientations that are to be operationalized in the conflict resolution process. This longitudinal study focuses on these two aspects of conflict resolution style development and concludes that experiential teaching design within the framework of multiple-value oriented conflict resolution behavior is a necessary condition for optimal learning

Experiential Learning Revisited: Some Thoughts on Designing More Adaptive Management Education Programs

The aim of this paper is to provide: (a) an overview of experiential learning theory to help us design learning programs which would enable the learner to develop secondary/auxiliary learning styles needed for more effective adaptation to a rapidly changing environment; and (b) a better understanding of the critical elements of learning programs relevant to effective career development in management

Personality Development and Conflict Dynamics: An Experimental Design to Study the Effects of Teaching Methodologies on Conflict Resolution

An experimental design is proposed for analyzing personality dynamics in conflict resolution. The theoretical framework of intervention strategy and possible consequences of different techniques has been discussed in a previous paper by the authors. The purpose of this empirical investigation is to determine if some of the cognitive variables of the subjects, thrust into a learning situation which is focused substantially on conflict resolution, would be modified by the teaching- learning intervention. The teaching methodology was lecture-discussion. Pre and post measurements were taken and analyzed in relation to various personality variables. One significant pre/post change was found along with the beginning analysis of personality configuration and conflict resolution

Hepatocyte mARC1 promotes fatty liver disease

Background & Aims: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has a prevalence of ∼25% worldwide, with significant public health consequences yet few effective treatments. Human genetics can help elucidate novel biology and identify targets for new therapeutics. Genetic variants in mitochondrial amidoxime-reducing component 1 (MTARC1) have been associated with NAFLD and liver-related mortality; however, its pathophysiological role and the cell type(s) mediating these effects remain unclear. We aimed to investigate how MTARC1 exerts its effects on NAFLD by integrating human genetics with in vitro and in vivo studies of mARC1 knockdown. Methods: Analyses including multi-trait colocalisation and Mendelian randomisation were used to assess the genetic associations of MTARC1. In addition, we established an in vitro long-term primary human hepatocyte model with metabolic readouts and used the Gubra Amylin NASH (GAN)-diet non-alcoholic steatohepatitis mouse model treated with hepatocyte-specific N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc)–siRNA to understand the in vivo impacts of MTARC1. Results: We showed that genetic variants within the MTARC1 locus are associated with liver enzymes, liver fat, plasma lipids, and body composition, and these associations are attributable to the same causal variant (p.A165T, rs2642438 G>A), suggesting a shared mechanism. We demonstrated that increased MTARC1 mRNA had an adverse effect on these traits using Mendelian randomisation, implying therapeutic inhibition of mARC1 could be beneficial. In vitro mARC1 knockdown decreased lipid accumulation and increased triglyceride secretion, and in vivo GalNAc–siRNA-mediated knockdown of mARC1 lowered hepatic but increased plasma triglycerides. We found alterations in pathways regulating lipid metabolism and decreased secretion of 3-hydroxybutyrate upon mARC1 knockdown in vitro and in vivo. Conclusions: Collectively, our findings from human genetics, and in vitro and in vivo hepatocyte-specific mARC1 knockdown support the potential efficacy of hepatocyte-specific targeting of mARC1 for treatment of NAFLD. Impact and implications: We report that genetically predicted increases in MTARC1 mRNA associate with poor liver health. Furthermore, knockdown of mARC1 reduces hepatic steatosis in primary human hepatocytes and a murine NASH model. Together, these findings further underscore the therapeutic potential of targeting hepatocyte MTARC1 for NAFLD