UM PASSO ATRÁS:A Educação no pós-2018.

Pretende-se apresentar considerações sobre o posicionamento dos ocupantes do MEC (Ministério da Educação) no pós 2018 e a instabilidade do cargo com a variação de nomes que ocuparam a pasta. E como tal instabilidade contribuiu para o avanço de uma proposta de reformas conservadoras para a Educação. Para realização da pesquisa foram utilizados reportagens na imprensa de circulação nacional, como revista Veja, Exame, jornais como El Pais, Uol e Globo. Para elaborar as discussões, fundamentou-se numa pesquisa de cunho bibliográfico, baseado em autores, como Taffarel e Neves (2019), Rezera e D’Alexandre (2019), Araújo (2020). Em um primeiro momento apresentou-se a educação em descompasso com a instabilidade de representantes do Ministério da Eduação. Em um momento posterior apresentou-se as reformas conservadoras para a educação. Ao final será possível compreender algumas das nuances da educação no pós-2018

Circuitos de la economía urbana y patrimonio-territorial Latinoameriano. Mercado de Xochimilco, Ciudad de México

Traditional markets in Latin American metropolises may mitigate the risks of urbanization-commercialization in historical sites and mediate rural-city and ancestral-contemporary interactions. Considering that the Xochimilco Market (Mexico City) generates centripetal-centrifugal forces which activate the local economy (formal and informal), the goal of the article is to analyze the indissolubility of its neighboring internal and external trade spaces (producer zones, informal trade, chinampas), creating a territory of supply, labor, and subsistence of the impoverished population. A mixed methodological design is adopted, with participant observation, semi-structured interviews, and qualitative spatial analysis. The decolonial concept of " territorial heritage" and the theory of "circuits of urban economy" applied to the Global South helps verify the socio-spatial experiences and permanence that, from the market, subjects and families have maintained, in a scenario of selective modernization of metropolitan territories and growth of informality onto the continent.Los mercados tradicionales en las metrópolis latinoamericanas pueden mitigar riesgos derivados de la urbanización y la comercialización en sitios históricos y pactar las interacciones campo-ciudad y ancestralidad-contemporaneidad. Considerando que el Mercado Xochimilco (Ciudad de México) genera fuerzas centrípetas y centrífugas activadoras de la economía local (formal e informal), el objetivo del artículo es analizar la indisolubilidad de sus espacios de comercio interior y exterior aledaño (zonas de productores, de chinampas y ambulantaje), constitutivos de un territorio de abasto, labor y supervivencia de la población empobrecida. Se adopta un diseño metodológico mixto, con observación participante, entrevistas semiestructuradas, codificación y análisis espacial cualitativo. El concepto decolonial “patrimonio-territorial” y la teoría de los “circuitos de la economía urbana” aplicada al Sur Global permiten comprobar las experiencias socioespaciales y permanencias que, desde el mercado, han mantenido sujetos y familias, en un escenario de modernización selectiva de los territorios metropolitanos y aumento de la informalidad en el continente

Resenha bibliográfica

BECKER, William E.; WATTS, Michael; BECKER, Suzzane R. (Ed.). TeachingEconomics: more alternatives to chalk and talk. Cheltenham-UK: Edward ElgarPublishing Limited, 2006. 225 p

ANÁLISE DA PRODUÇÃO DO ESPAÇO E PRECARIZAÇÃO DE MORADIAS NA ÁREA URBANA DE AQUIDAUANA – MS

Las diferencias sociales activas, generadas por el modo de producción capitalista, tienen como telón de fondo el escenario de los espacios urbanos, que a su vez, se expresa en el paisaje a través de las condiciones de la vivienda. En este sentido, son fundamentales los estudios que puedan identificar estrategias de la población, considerada de bajos ingresos, en cuanto al acceso las viviendas son imprescindibles. Así, este estudio buscó identificar y mapear viviendas con factores de precariedad predeterminados en los barrios Centro y Exposición del condado de Aquidauana – MS. Además de entender las estrategias residenciales adoptadas por la población considerada de bajos ingresos, en consonancia con los aspectos socioeconómicos. Para ello, se aplicó un cuestionario semiestructurado y un guión de entrevista a los sujetos encuestados, además de registros fotográficos, con el fin de identificar qué prioridades usos la población de bajos ingresos para garantizar su calidad de vida y bienestar. Aún así, se pudo observar que la distribución espacial de las viviendas influye directamente en la cantidad de factores de precariedad atribuidos a las viviendas. Así, se observó que las viviendas más precarias se encuentran próximas a áreas de disposición irregular de residuos sólidos y susceptibles a inundaciones estacionales.As diferenças sociais atuantes, geradas pelo modo produção capitalista, tem como pano de fundo o cenário dos espaços urbanos, que por sua vez, se expressa na paisagem através das condições das moradias. Neste sentido, estudos que possam identificar as estratégias provenientes da população, considerada de baixa renda, quanto ao acesso à moradia são imprescindíveis. Assim, este estudo buscou identificar e mapear as moradias com fatores precarizadores pré-determinados nos bairros Centro e Exposição no município de Aquidauana – MS. Além de compreender as estratégias residênciais adotadas pela população considerada de baixa renda, em consonância com os aspectos socioeconômicos. Para isto, foi aplicado um questionário semiestruturado e um roteiro de entrevista aos sujeitos pesquisados, além de registros fotográficos, visando identificar quais as prioridades que a população de baixa renda utiliza para garantir sua qualidade de vida e bem-estar. Ainda, foi possível observar que a distribuição espacial das moradias influencia diretamente na quantidade de fatores precarizadores atribuídos às residências. Assim, foi observado que as moradias mais precarizadas encontram-se próximas a áreas de descarte irregular de residúos sólidos e susceptivieis aos alagamentos sazonais.The active social differences, generated by the mode of capitalist production, are like a backdrop to the scenario of urban spaces, which in turn is expressed in the landscape through the conditions of living. In this sense, studies that can identify strategies from the population, considered to be of low income, regarding access to housing are essential. Thus, this study sought to identify and map dwellings with predetermined precarious factors in the Centro and Exposure neighborhoods in the municipality of Aquidauana – MS. In addition to understanding the residential strategies adopted by the population considered to be of low income, in line with socioeconomic aspects. For this, a semi-structured questionnaire and an interview script were applied to the surveyed subjects, in addition to photographic records, in order to identify which priorities the low-income population uses to guarantee their quality of life and well-being. It was also possible to observe that the spatial distribution of homes directly influences the amount of precarious factors attributed to homes. Thus, it was observed that the most precarious houses are close to areas of irregular disposal of solid residues and susceptible to seasonal flooding

Antral mucosal diaphragm as a misdiagnosed cause of gastric outlet obstruction: case report and review of the literature

O diafragma antral é um fino septo com uma abertura variando de 2 a 30 mm usualmente diagnosticado na meia idade ou depois, associado à obstrução da via de saída do estômago ou à ulcera péptica. É frequentemente confundido com obstrução pilórica. Como a excisão cirúrgica do diafragma antral pode curar os sintomas do paciente, o diagnóstico correto é importante para não atrasar o tratamento. Contudo, o diagnostico permanence dificuldado, mesmo depois de uma investigação adequada com estudo de raio X contrastado de esôfago-estômago-duodeno (EED) ou endoscopia. Portanto, este estudo procura alertar sobre essa patologia como um possível causa de obstrução da via de saída do estômago através de um relato de caso e de uma adequada revisão de literatura. Relato de caso: Paciente do sexo masculino, 56 anos, com queixa de pirose, plenitude epigástrica após refeições e perda de peso nos últimos três anos. Com história clínica relevante de cirurgia de úlcera gástrica perfurada há três anos. A investigação iniciou com raio X contrastado de EED sugerindo estenose pilórica secundária à cirurgia prévia. A endoscopia gástrica identificou uma formação de mucosa em túnel com abertura de 10mm de diâmetro em região pré pilórica. O paciente também foi submetido à tomografia computadorizada de abdome e pelve para planejamento de cirurgia de correção de estenose pilórica, sendo evidenciado um aparente espessamento da parede gástrica e redução do diâmetro da região pré pilórica. Então, o paciente foi submetido a uma laparotomia com ressecção do diafragma antral. Depois de seis meses, o paciente apresentou-se assintomático.The antral web is a thin septum with an aperture varying from 2 to 30 mm usually discovered in middle or late life because of associated gastric outlet obstruction or peptic ulcer. It is commonly mistaken for a pyloric obstruction. Since surgical excision of the antral diaphragm can cure patient’s symptoms, a correct diagnosis is important for not delaying treatment. However, the diagnosis is difficult even after adequate investigation with barium upper gastrointestinal x-ray series or endoscopy.  Therefore, the present study seek to notify this pathology as a possible cause of gastric outlet obstruction providing an illustrative case report and review the pertinent literature. Case Report: A 56 years old man presented complaint of pyrosis, epigastric fullness after eating and loss of weight for over three years. His past clinical history revealed a perforated peptic ulcer surgery three years ago.  Investigation was initially performed with barium upper gastrointestinal x-ray  which suggested pyloric stenosis secondary to the previous surgery. Gastric endoscopy  identified a mucous tunnel formation with a 10 mm diameter aperture in the pre-pyloric region. The patient was also submitted to a computerized tomography (CT) of the abdomen and pelvis for surgical planning for correction of pyloric stenosis and demonstrated an apparently thickening of the gastric wall and reduction of the diameter of the antropyloric region. The patient was then submitted to lapartomy with  resection of the antral web. After 6 months, the patient is asymptomatic

Evaluation of Root Perforation Treatments with Mineral Trioxide Aggregate: A Retrospective Case Series Study

This study aimed to evaluate the long-term clinical success of the use of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) as root canal sealer in root perforation treatments. Therefore, the dental records of 53 patients were analyzed, and treatment data was collected (age, gender, tooth location, jaw, presence or absence of radiolucent lesion, fallow up time and final radiographic/clinical assessment). All procedures were performed by a single specialist. Two examiners analyzed three radiographs from the records of each patient and classified the treatments as successful or unsuccessful. Data was analyzed statistically using parametric chi-square (P≤0.05). The examiners classified 69.8% of the cases as successful, with a follow-up time of 1-16.25 years (average: 6 years). The presence of initial radiolucent lesion was observed in 79.2% of the teeth, with a higher index of treatment in maxillary teeth (62.3%). However, the majority of successful cases were located in the maxilla (73.0%), while most unsuccessful ones were located in the mandible (62.5%) (P=0.014). There was no statistically significant difference regarding presence of previous lesions in successful (75.7%) and unsuccessful cases (87.5%) (P=0.330). In the present study, root perforations sealed with MTA had a success rate of 69.8% within 1-16.25 years. The presence of initial injury did not influence the prognosis, and maxillary teeth presented a higher success rate.Keywords: Mineral Trioxide Aggregate; Perforation; Endodontic

The 2022 Europe report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: towards a climate resilient future

In the past few decades, major public health advances have happened in Europe, with drastic decreases in premature mortality and a life expectancy increase of almost 9 years since 1980. European countries have some of the best health-care systems in the world. However, Europe is challenged with unprecedented and overlapping crises that are detrimental to human health and livelihoods and threaten adaptive capacity, including the COVID-19 pandemic, the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the fastest-growing migrant crisis since World War 2, population displacement, environmental degradation, and deepening inequalities. Compared with pre-industrial times, the mean average European surface air temperature increase has been almost 1°C higher than the average global temperature increase, and 2022 was the hottest European summer on record. As the world's third largest economy and a major contributor to global cumulative greenhouse gas emissions, Europe is a key stakeholder in the world's response to climate change and has a global responsibility and opportunity to lead the transition to becoming a low-carbon economy and a healthier, more resilient society.Peer ReviewedArticle signat per 44 autors/autores: Institute for Global Health (K R van Daalen MPhil, M Romanello PhD), Institute for Sustainable Resources (P Drummond MSc, D Scamman EngD), and Energy Institute (Prof I Hamilton PhD, H Kennard PhD), University College London, London, UK; Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK (K R van Daalen); Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (Prof J Rocklöv PhD, Prof J C Semenza PhD); Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine (Prof J Rocklöv, Z Farooq MSc, M O Sewe PhD, H Sjödin PhD) and Department of Epidemiology and Global Health (Prof M Nilsson PhD), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain (C Tonne ScD, H Achebak PhD, J Ballester PhD, S J Lloyd PhD, C Milà MSc, Prof J C Minx PhD, Prof M Nieuwenhuijsen PhD, M Quijal-Zamorano MSc, Prof J M Anto MD); Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain (C Tonne, C Milà, M Nieuwenhuijsen, M Quijal-Zamorano, J M Anto); CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain (C Tonne, C Milà, J C Minx, M Nieuwenhuijsen, J M Anto); BC3 Basque Centre for Climate Change, Bilbao, Spain (Prof A Markandya PhD); School of Government, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK (N Dasandi PhD); Data Science Lab, Hertie School, Berlin, Germany (Prof S Jankin PhD, H Bechara PhD, O Gasparyan PhD); Priestley International Centre for Climate, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK (M W Callaghan MPP); Mercator Research Institute on Global Commons and Climate Change, Berlin, Germany (M W Callaghan); Energy Efficiency Group, Institute for Environmental Sciences (ISE), University of Geneva, Switzerland (J Chambers PhD); Centro Euro-Mediterraneo sui Cambiamenti Climatici (CMCC), Venice, Italy (S Dasgupta PhD); Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment, London School of Economics and Political Sciences (LSE), UK (S Dasgupta, Prof E J Z Robinson PhD); Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona, Spain (N Gonzalez-Reviriego PhD, B Solaraju-Murali MSc, Prof R Lowe PhD, M Lotto Batista MSc); Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI), Helsinki, Finland (R Hänninen DSci, J Palamarchuk PhD, M Sofiev PhD); European Environment Agency, Copenhagen, Denmark (A Kazmierczak PhD); European Centre for Environment and Health, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Bonn, Germany (V Kendrovski PhD, O Schmoll Dipl Ing); Air Quality and Greenhouse Gases Programme, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, Austria (G Kiesewetter PhD); Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Department of Epidemiology, Brunswick, Germany (M Lotto Batista); Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (Prof J Martinez-Urtaza PhD); Oxford Martin Programme on the Future of Food and Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (M Springmann PhD); Department of Electronics and Computer Science, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago, Spain (J Triñanes PhD); Centre for Climate Change and Planetary Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), London, UK (Prof R Lowe); Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain (Prod R Lowe)Postprint (published version

RECURSOS DESTINADOS A SAÚDE PRIMÁRIA EM MATO GROSSO DO SUL/Resources Destined for Primary Health in Mato Grosso do Sul

A Lei 8.080/1990 regulamenta as ações e serviços de saúde, incluindo o Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), buscando garantir o acesso universal e integral aos cuidados de saúde. Assim, este estudo tem por objetivo analisar o uso de recursos para a atenção básica dos municípios de Mato Grosso do Sul, no período de 2012 e 2022. Para isso, utilizou-se dados secundários do SIOPS (Sistema de Informações sobre Orçamentos Públicos em Saúde) e utilizou o IPCA (Índice Nacional de Preços ao Consumidor Amplo) para deflacionar os valores. Fez-se uso da análise regional para a análise dos dados, a partir do uso do Quociente Locacional - QL. As principais considerações realizadas remetem-se a existência de uma melhoria na divulgação das informações sobre os recursos da saúde. Além disso, houve uma redução no número de municípios com QL maior que um. Abstract: Law 8,080/1990 regulates health actions and services, including the Unified Health System (SUS), seeking to guarantee universal and comprehensive access to health care. Thus, this study aims to analyze the use of resources for primary care in the municipalities of Mato Grosso do Sul, between 2012 and 2022. For this, secondary data from SIOPS (Information System on Public Health Budgets) was used. ) and used the IPCA (Broad National Consumer Price Index) to deflate the values. Regional analysis was used to analyze the data, using the Locational Quotient - QL. The main considerations made refer to the existence of an improvement in the dissemination of information about health resources. Furthermore, there was a reduction in the number of municipalities with a QL greater than one