1,071 research outputs found
Optical phonon scattering and theory of magneto-polarons in a quantum cascade laser in a strong magnetic field
We report a theoretical study of the carrier relaxation in a quantum cascade
laser (QCL) subjected to a strong magnetic field. Both the alloy (GaInAs)
disorder effects and the Frohlich interaction are taken into account when the
electron energy differences are tuned to the longitudinal optical (LO) phonon
energy. In the weak electron-phonon coupling regime, a Fermi's golden rule
computation of LO phonon scattering rates shows a very fast non-radiative
relaxation channel for the alloy broadened Landau levels (LL's). In the strong
electron-phonon coupling regime, we use a magneto-polaron formalism and compute
the electron survival probabilities in the upper LL's with including increasing
numbers of LO phonon modes for a large number of alloy disorder configurations.
Our results predict a nonexponential decay of the upper level population once
electrons are injected in this state.Comment: 10 pages, 23 figure
Remarks on supersymmetry of quantum systems with position-dependent effective masses
We apply the supersymmetry approach to one-dimensional quantum systems with
spatially-dependent mass, by including their ordering ambiguities dependence.
In this way we extend the results recently reported in the literature.
Furthermore, we point out a connection between these systems and others with
constant masses. This is done through convenient transformations in the
coordinates and wavefunctions.Comment: 8 pages, 1 figur
Long-term high fat feeding of rats results in increased numbers of circulating microvesicles with pro-inflammatory effects on endothelial cells
Obesity and type 2 diabetes lead to dramatically increased risks of atherosclerosis and CHD. Multiple mechanisms converge to promote atherosclerosis by increasing endothelial oxidative stress and up-regulating expression of pro-inflammatory molecules. Microvesicles (MV) are small ( < 1 μm) circulating particles that transport proteins and genetic material, through which they are able to mediate cell–cell communication and influence gene expression. Since MV are increased in plasma of obese, insulin-resistant and diabetic individuals, who often exhibit chronic vascular inflammation, and long-term feeding of a high-fat diet (HFD) to rats is a well-described model of obesity and insulin resistance, we hypothesised that this may be a useful model to study the impact of MV on endothelial inflammation. The number and cellular origin of MV from HFD-fed obese rats were characterised by flow cytometry. Total MV were significantly increased after feeding HFD compared to feeding chow (P< 0·001), with significantly elevated numbers of MV derived from leucocyte, endothelial and platelet compartments (P< 0·01 for each cell type). MV were isolated from plasma and their ability to induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1 expression was measured in primary rat cardiac endothelial cells in vitro. MV from HFD-fed rats induced significant ROS (P< 0·001) and VCAM-1 expression (P= 0·0275), indicative of a pro-inflammatory MV phenotype in this model of obesity. These findings confirm that this is a useful model to further study the mechanisms by which diet can influence MV release and subsequent effects on cardio-metabolic health
Choosing a basis that eliminates spurious solutions in k.p theory
A small change of basis in k.p theory yields a Kane-like Hamiltonian for the
conduction and valence bands of narrow-gap semiconductors that has no spurious
solutions, yet provides an accurate fit to all effective masses. The theory is
shown to work in superlattices by direct comparison with first-principles
density-functional calculations of the valence subband structure. A
reinterpretation of the standard data-fitting procedures used in k.p theory is
also proposed.Comment: 15 pages, 2 figures; v3: expanded with much new materia
Analytical solution to position dependent mass Schr\"odinger equation
Using a recently developed technique to solve Schr\"odinger equation for
constant mass, we studied the regime in which mass varies with position i.e
position dependent mass Schr\"odinger equation(PDMSE). We obtained an
analytical solution for the PDMSE and applied our approach to study a position
dependent mass particle scattered by a potential . We
also studied the structural analogy between PDMSE and two-level atomic system
interacting with a classical field.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure
Dynamics of Electrons in Graded Semiconductors
I present a theory of electron dynamics in semiconductors with slowly varying
composition. I show that the frequency-dependent conductivity, required for the
description of transport and optical properties, can be obtained from a
knowledge of the band structures and momentum matrix elements of homogeneous
semiconductor alloys. New sum rules for the electronic oscillator strengths,
which apply within a given energy band or between any two bands, are derived,
and a general expression for the width of the intraband absorption peak is
given. Finally, the low-frequency dynamics is discussed, and a correspondence
with the semiclassical motion is established.Comment: 4 pages, Revte
Kepler problem in Dirac theory for a particle with position-dependent mass
Exact solution of Dirac equation for a particle whose potential energy and
mass are inversely proportional to the distance from the force centre has been
found. The bound states exist provided the length scale which appears in
the expression for the mass is smaller than the classical electron radius
. Furthermore, bound states also exist for negative values of
even in the absence of the Coulomb interaction. Quasirelativistic expansion of
the energy has been carried out, and a modified expression for the fine
structure of energy levels has been obtained. The problem of kinetic energy
operator in the Schr\"odinger equation is discussed for the case of
position-dependent mass. In particular, we have found that for highly excited
states the mutual ordering of the inverse mass and momentum operator in the
non-relativistic theory is not important.Comment: 9 page
t(3;14)(q27;q32) - t(2;3)(p12;q27) - t(3;22)(q27;q11)
Review on t(3;14)(q27;q32) - t(2;3)(p12;q27) - t(3;22)(q27;q11), with data on clinics, and the genes involved
Quantum vacuum properties of the intersubband cavity polariton field
We present a quantum description of a planar microcavity photon mode strongly
coupled to a semiconductor intersubband transition in presence of a
two-dimensional electron gas. We show that, in this kind of system, the vacuum
Rabi frequency can be a significant fraction of the intersubband
transition frequency . This regime of ultra-strong light-matter
coupling is enhanced for long wavelength transitions, because for a given
doping density, effective mass and number of quantum wells, the ratio
increases as the square root of the intersubband
emission wavelength. We characterize the quantum properties of the ground state
(a two-mode squeezed vacuum), which can be tuned {\it in-situ} by changing the
value of , e.g., through an electrostatic gate. We finally point out
how the tunability of the polariton quantum vacuum can be exploited to generate
correlated photon pairs out of the vacuum via quantum electrodynamics phenomena
reminiscent of the dynamic Casimir effect.Comment: Final version accepted in PR
Frohlich mass in GaAs-based structures
The Frohlich interaction is one of the main electron-phonon intrinsic
interactions in polar materials originating from the coupling of one itinerant
electron with the macroscopic electric field generated by any longitudinal
optical (LO) phonon. Infra-red magneto-absorption measurements of doped GaAs
quantum wells structures have been carried out in order to test the concept of
Frohlich interaction and polaron mass in such systems. These new experimental
results lead to question the validity of this concept in a real system.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
- …