79 research outputs found
Testing new-physics models with global comparisons to collider measurements: the Contur toolkit
Measurements at particle collider experiments, even if primarily aimed at
understanding Standard Model processes, can have a high degree of model
independence, and implicitly contain information about potential contributions
from physics beyond the Standard Model. The Contur package allows users to
benefit from the hundreds of measurements preserved in the Rivet library to
test new models against the bank of LHC measurements to date. This method has
proven to be very effective in several recent publications from the Contur
team, but ultimately, for this approach to be successful, the authors believe
that the Contur tool needs to be accessible to the wider high energy physics
community. As such, this manual accompanies the first user-facing version:
Contur v2. It describes the design choices that have been made, as well as
detailing pitfalls and common issues to avoid. The authors hope that with the
help of this documentation, external groups will be able to run their own
Contur studies, for example when proposing a new model, or pitching a new
search
In vitro pharmacology of fentanyl analogs at the human mu opioid receptor and their spectroscopic analysis
Opioids are widely misused and account for almost half of overdose deaths in the United States. The cost in terms of lives, health care, and lost productivity is significant and has been declared a national crisis. Fentanyl is a highly potent mu opioid receptor (MOR) agonist and plays a significant role in the current opioid epidemic; fentanyl and its analogs (fentalogs) are increasingly becoming one of the biggest dangers in the opioid crisis. The availability of fentalogs in the illicit market is thought to play a significant role in the recent increase in opioid‐related deaths. Although there is both rodent homolog in vivo and in vitro data for some fentalogs, prior to this publication very little was known about the pharmacology of many of these illicit compounds at the human MOR (hMOR). Using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and in vitro assays, this study describes the spectral and pharmacological properties of 34 fentalogs. The reported spectra and chemical data will allow for easy identification of novel fentalogs in unknown or mixed samples. Taken together these data are useful for law enforcement and clinical workers as they will aid in the identification of fentalogs in unknown samples and can potentially be used to predict physiological effects after exposure.This study reports the basic in vitro pharmacology (affinity, agonist activity, and potencies) of 34 fentanyl analogs at the human mu opioid receptor. In addition, these fentalogs are analyzed spectroscopically using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, to understand structural commonalities and key differences for identification.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/156439/2/dta2822.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/156439/1/dta2822_am.pd
Thermomigration induced degradation in solder alloys
Miniaturization of electronics to the nanoscale brings new challenges. Because of their small size and immense information and power processing capacity, large temperature gradients exist across nanoelectronics and power electronics solder joints. In this paper, a fully coupled thermomechanical-diffusion model is introduced to study the thermomigration induced strength degradation. A nonlinear viscoplastic material model with kinematic and isotropic hardening features is utilized. The model takes into account microstructural evolution of the material. A grain coarsening capability is built into the model to study its influence on thermomigration in solder alloys. The model is validated by comparing the simulation results with experimental data
On the bumps and curves in the microband boundaries in a channel-die compressed Goss-oriented Ni single crystal
The crystallographic alignment of microbands in a Goss oriented single crystal was investigated by two and three dimensional electron back scatter diffraction. The microband boundaries were found to be curved instead of being perfectly flat interfaces, and the overall alignment closely matched a potential slip plane. The bumps and curved were created during subsequent deformation and, thus, deviates the microband boundaries from crystallographic nature. © (2012) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland
The three-dimensional nature of microbands in a channel die compressed Goss-oriented Ni single crystal
The three-dimensional structure of microband boundaries in a plane strain compressed Goss-oriented nickel single crystal was generated by the electron backscatter diffraction technique. Rather than being perfectly planar, microband boundaries generally contained bumps and curves. The planar segments of these boundaries have orientations that coincide closely with one of the expected {1 1 1} slip planes of this crystal
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