98 research outputs found
Isotopic and spin selectivity of H_2 adsorbed in bundles of carbon nanotubes
Due to its large surface area and strongly attractive potential, a bundle of
carbon nanotubes is an ideal substrate material for gas storage. In addition,
adsorption in nanotubes can be exploited in order to separate the components of
a mixture. In this paper, we investigate the preferential adsorption of D_2
versus H_2(isotope selectivity) and of ortho versus para(spin selectivity)
molecules confined in the one-dimensional grooves and interstitial channels of
carbon nanotube bundles. We perform selectivity calculations in the low
coverage regime, neglecting interactions between adsorbate molecules. We find
substantial spin selectivity for a range of temperatures up to 100 K, and even
greater isotope selectivity for an extended range of temperatures,up to 300 K.
This isotope selectivity is consistent with recent experimental data, which
exhibit a large difference between the isosteric heats of D_2 and H_2 adsorbed
in these bundles.Comment: Paper submitted to Phys.Rev. B; 17 pages, 2 tables, 6 figure
Propagation of Blood Clotting in the Complex Biochemical Network of Hemostasis Is Described by a Simple Mechanism
Examination of transport equations pertaining to permeable elastic tubules such as Henle's loop.
The transport equations applicable to loops of Henle and similar elastic permeable tubules were re-examined to assess the effect of radial transport resistance in the lumen and tubule geometry on solute transport. Active transport at the wall as well as external gradients equivalent to a 2--1,000-fold concentration increase per centimeter of distance were considered. Wall permeabilities and active transport constants were varied up to 2 . 10(-2) cm/s. It is shown that for conditions applicable to the loop of Henle, resistance to radial solute transfer in the lumen is negligible, both for passive and active transmural transport with concomitant water flux, and that axial dispersion further reduces that resistance. These conclusions apply equally to conical and elliptical geometries likely to arise in loop operation. The validity of Poiseuille's equation for these geometries is discussed. Ii is concluded that the one-dimensional transport equations are a valid representation of loop operation
Synthesis of 123mTe-nucleophiles: Potential use in the synthesis of new 123mTe-radiopharmaceuticals
Computer simulation of flow-dependent absorption in microperfused short Henle's loop of rats.
With computer simulation we examined the extent to which current theories and experimental data explain function of single microperfused superficial Henle's loops in rats. In the model standard phenomenological equations describe transport; two sets of transport parameters labeled rat and rabbit were taken from published experiments; Michaelis-Menten kinetics in the ascending thick limb were adjusted arbitrarily; tubular radius is either constant or depends on luminal pressure with compliance based on experimental observations; the interstitium is an infinite sink with salt and urea concentrations constant in the cortex and exponentially increasing in the outer medulla; concentrations resemble those found in hydropenic or saline diuretic rats. The following predictions were obtained. The model with rabbit parameters does not recirculate urea and will not operate with high medullary urea concentrations; with rat parameters too much urea recirculates an the results of perfusion with equilibrium solution are not reproduced. Using a compromise between rat and rabbit parameters, the model reproduces water absorption, salt reabsorption, and urea recirculation as observed in vivo in rat loops perfused at 5-40 nl/min. It also simulates perfusion with saline, equilibrium solution, saline plus furosemide, and 300 mM mannitol. When the model includes a short early distal segment, effluent salt concentration reaches a minimum at a 15 nl/min perfusion rate as observed in vivo; however, concentration at the macula densa is a monotonically increasing function of flow. When permeation rate is a function of wall surface area and thickness a better fit to experimental results is produced. However, the effect is small: water absorption alters by 4% or less and effluent salt concentration is reduced by up to 10% at low perfusion rates. Comparison of rigid and compliant loops shows no relationship between transit time per se and reabsorption
New methods for introducing 75Se into radiopharmaceuticals
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/21963/1/0000372.pd
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