Method of combating fatigue destruction of steel structures of mine hoisting machines

The article presents the information of the identified defects of fatigue failure of steel structures of the brake mechanism of mine cable hoisting machines used to transport metallurgical coke from the mine to the surface. Using non-destructive testing methods a survey was carried out of the brake mechanisms of sixty mine cable hoisting machines. A method was developed to combat the fatigue failure of steel structures through the use of reinforcing elements to reduce their metal consumption and increase resistance to fatigue failure, while the use of expensive high-strength alloys is completely eliminated. To study the stress-strain state and fatigue failure of steel structures, a computer simulation method was used. Using the ANSYS computer program, the optimal forms of reinforcing elements were established and the loaded part of steel structures in continuous operation was simulated. Eleven computer models of a steel beam with various reinforcing elements were developed. The research results were used in practice in the repair of steel structures

Treatment of the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis using of genetically modified umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells in the preclinical studies

Development of the fundamental and clinical «regenerative medicine» is based on the progress of gene, stem cell and gene-cell biotechnologies. However, the reliable preclinical investigations on animal models and more over clinical trials stay far away from the available nowadays gene and cell constructions. Neuroscience is one of the fast growing fields of knowledge in biology and medicine. Pioneer experiments in neuroscience promises breakthrough in the innovative methods for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases in near future. This review addresses strategies for gene-cell therapy of neurodegenerative diseases by the example of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Precisely gene modification of mononuclear fraction of umbilical cord blood cells (UCBC) by dual cassette plasmid vectors is observed. Based on our own results of transplantation of genetically modified UCBC overexpressing recombinant neural cell adhesion molecule L1, vascular endothelial growth factor, fibroblast growth factor 2, and glial derived neurotrophic factor in different combinations we provide the experimental data for usefulness of transplantation of gene modified UCBC for treating neurodegenerative diseases. In the review we discuss the efficacy of gene modification of UCBC not only for secretion of recombinant proteins, but in increasing of transplanted cells survivability, their migration possibilities and capability to differentiate in endothelial, microglial and macroglial cell types

Human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells transfected with dual cassette plasmids (VEGF + neurotrophic factor) for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

To increase the viability of neural cells in neurodegenerative diseases, after neurotraumas and ischemic strokes the most important neurotrophic and neuroprotective factors, which can be used as therapeutic agents were identified in long-term studies in vitro and in vivo. These include brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), insulin-like growth factor (IGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). One of the promising ways of the delivery of supporting neuron survival factors is considered to be transplantation of genetically modified cells overexpressing recombinant therapeutic genes. This article describes generation of cellular delivery vectors of therapeutic genes - human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells genetically modified by dual cassette plasmids, expressing two therapeutic genes. Efficiency of transgene expression was confirmed in vitro using RT-PCR. Analysis of survival, migration, and phenotype of genetically modified cells was performed 2 weeks after transplantation into transgenic mice with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis phenotype

Use of reinforcing elements to improve fatigue strength of steel structures of mine hoisting machines (MHM)

The article discusses the issues of fatigue fracture of steel structures and the method of increasing their strength through the use of reinforcing elements. The authors set the search for ways to improve steel structures and to reduce their metal intensity without reducing strength and increasing their resistance to fatigue failure, except for the use of expensive high-strength alloys. They have proposed a method for strengthening the structure and searching for its optimal shape of the loaded part, capable with a smaller wall thickness to withstand fatigue failure of steel structures of mine hoisting machines used to transport metallurgical coke in long-term operation. The results of computer modeling the stress-strain state of a steel beam under operating loads are given

Synthesis, luminescent and magnetic properties of new tetranuclear lanthanide complexes with 4-hydroxy-2,1,3-benzothiadiazolate and dibenzoylmethanide ligands

© 2017 Elsevier LtdFour new tetranuclear complexes, [Ln4(dbm)4(O-btd)6(OH)2] 1a (Ln = Yb), 1b (Ln = Dy) and [Ln4(dbm)6(O-btd)4(OH)2] 2a (Ln = Yb), 2b (Ln = Dy) (O-btd = 4-hydroxo-2,1,3-benzothiadiazolate and dbm = dibenzoylmethanide), and their solvates with toluene and tetrahydrofuran were synthesized. The magnetic properties of the complexes 1a, 1b, 2a and 2b have been studied, revealing different magnetic susceptibility patterns for the Yb(III) and Dy(III) complexes in the temperature range 80–300 K. Upon lowering the temperature, a weak antiferromagnetic ordering is observed for both Yb compounds, while the Dy derivatives are assumed to show weak ferromagnetic interactions. The Yb complexes 1a and 2a demonstrate strong NIR luminescence at ∼1000 nm in CH2Cl2 solution upon excitation of the (O-btd)− ligand. This observation suggests the (O-btd)− ligand to be an efficient antenna ligand for lanthanide-based NIR luminescence

New NIR-emissive tetranuclear Er(III) complexes with 4-hydroxo-2,1,3-benzothiadiazolate and dibenzoylmethanide ligands: Synthesis and characterization

© The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015. New tetranuclear heteroleptic complexes [Er4(dbm)6(O-btd)4(OH)2] (1) and [Er4(dbm)4(O-btd)6(OH)2] (2) (O-btd = 4-hydroxo-2,1,3-benzothiadiazolate and dbm = dibenzoylmethanide) and their solvates with toluene, THF and CH2Cl2 were prepared using two synthetic approaches. The structures of the products were confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Magnetic properties of 1 and 2 are in good agreement with X-ray data. The effective magnetic moment (μeff) values at 300 K for 1 and 2 corresponds to a system of 4 non-interacting Er(iii) ions in the ground state 4J15/2 with g = 6/5. At ambient temperature and upon excitation with λexc = 450 nm, complexes 1 and 2 exhibit luminescence at ∼1530 nm, i.e. in the near infra-red (NIR) region. The luminescence intensity grows with increasing the number of the (O-btd)- ligands in the complexes. This observation suggests (O-btd)- as a new efficient antenna ligand for the lanthanide-based NIR luminescence

Spinal cord molecular and cellular changes induced by adenoviral vector- and cell-mediated triple gene therapy after severe contusion

© 2017 Izmailov, Povysheva, Bashirov, Sokolov, Fadeev, Garifulin, Naroditsky, Logunov, Salafutdinov, Chelyshev, Islamov and Lavrov. The gene therapy has been successful in treatment of spinal cord injury (SCI) in several animal models, although it still remains unavailable for clinical practice. Surprisingly, regardless the fact that multiple reports showed motor recovery with gene therapy, little is known about molecular and cellular changes in the post-traumatic spinal cord following viral vector- or cell-mediated gene therapy. In this study we evaluated the therapeutic efficacy and changes in spinal cord after treatment with the genes encoding vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), angiogenin (ANG), and neuronal cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) applied using both approaches. Therapeutic genes were used for viral vector- and cell-mediated gene therapy in two combinations: (1) VEGF+GDNF+NCAM and (2) VEGF+ANG+NCAM. For direct gene therapy adenoviral vectors based on serotype 5 (Ad5) were injected intrathecally and for cell-mediated gene delivery human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells (UCB-MC) were simultaneously transduced with three Ad5 vectors and injected intrathecally 4 h after the SCI. The efficacy of both treatments was confirmed by improvement in behavioral (BBB) test. Molecular and cellular changes following post-traumatic recovery were evaluated with immunofluorescent staining using antibodies against the functional markers of motorneurons (Hsp27, synaptophysin, PSD95), astrocytes (GFAP, vimentin), oligodendrocytes (Olig2, NG2, Cx47) and microglial cells (Iba1). Our results suggest that both approaches with intrathecal delivery of therapeutic genes may support functional recovery of post-traumatic spinal cord via lowering the stress (down regulation of Hsp25) and enhancing the synaptic plasticity (up regulation of PSD95 and synaptophysin), supporting oligodendrocyte proliferation (up regulation of NG2) and myelination (up regulation of Olig2 and Cx47), modulating astrogliosis by reducing number of astrocytes (down regulation of GFAP and vimetin) and microglial cells (down regulation of Iba1)