11 research outputs found
In-vitro susceptibility of multiple drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa to organic acids
Objectives: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a classic opportunistic pathogen with innate resistance to many antibiotics anddisinfectants. Resistance to antimicrobial agents makes it the most noxious organism to eliminate from infection site. Inview of its antimicrobial resistance, an attempt was made to study its susceptibility to various organic acids.Methods: Seven clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa resistant to multiple antibiotics were subjected to in vitro susceptibilityto various organic acids by broth dilution method to find out susceptibility to various organic acids.Results: The isolates of P. aeruginosa resistant to 14 antimicrobials were found susceptible to one percent oxalic acidand trichloroacetic acid, two percent lactic acid and citric acid, and three percent acetic acid. It is interesting to note thatstrains resistant to multiple antibiotics were also found susceptible to organic acids. Oxalic acid and trichloroacetic acidwere found highly effective.Conclusions: Clinical use of oxalic acid, trichloroacetic acid and lactic acid as topical agents to treat superficial pseudomonalinfections caused by difficult strains of P. aeruginosa may be recommended after confirmation of their toxicityand in vivo efficacy in animal models. J Microbiol Infect Dis 2013; 3(2): 67-70Key words: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Multiple Antibiotic Resistance, Susceptibility to Organic Acid
Induction of In Vitro Resistance to Penicillin in Viridans Group Streptococci and Its Effect on Susceptibility Pattern of Other Antimicrobial Agents
Background: The development of resistance to
penicillin in Viridans Group Streptococci (VGS)
during therapy has been reported. However, the in vitro
development of resistance to penicillin or other
antimicrobial agents in VGS is mostly overlooked and
rarely reported. Aim & Objectives: To induce in vitro
resistance to penicillin in VGS and to study its effect on
susceptibility pattern of other structurally related
(Beta–lactams) and unrelated antimicrobial agents.
Material and Methods: Four isolates of VGS
susceptible to all antimicrobial agents were
manipulated in vitro to induce resistance to penicillin
by sequential exposure to increasing concentrations of
penicillin. Results: Increase in MIC values of
penicillin from 0.06-0.12 µg/ml to 2-32 µg/ml was
observed indicating development of resistance to
penicillin. A significant increase in Minimum
Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) values of ampicillin
and slight increase in MIC values of other
antimicrobial agents in some isolates was also noted.
Conclusions: Exposure to increasing concentrations of
penicillin can promote the development of resistance
to penicillin and cross-resistance to other
antimicrobial agents suggesting its mutagenic role
A Comparative study of Triamcinolone acetonide with Methylprednisolone sodium succinate in the management of chronic low back pain
Background: Low back pain is the most
common complaint of young adults in case
of intervertebral disc herniation. Its
incidence is high in India due to difficult
working as well as living environment.
Objectives: The present study was carried
out to compare the efficacy of injecting
epidural triamcinolone with
methylprednisolone sodium succinate in
the management of chronic low back pain.
Patients and Methods: This study was
carried on patients presenting with low
back pain who had MRI proven lumbar disc
prolapsed at different levels and were not
responding to conservational management.
The study was carried out on 50 subjects
divided into 2 groups, Group A and Group B
of 25 each. Group A was given injection
triamcinolone 80 mg with 2 ml of 0.5%bupivacaine diluted in 8 ml of normal saline
into the lumbar epidural space. Group B
was given injection methylprednisolone
sodium succinate 80 mg with 2 ml of 0.5%
bupivacaine diluted in 8 ml of normal saline
into the lumbar epidural space.
Observations: The success rate in group A
was found to be 68% and the success rate in
group B was found to be 80%. The visual
analog scale score in group A was
decreased by 20% after one week and by 50
– 60% at the end of 6 months. However, in
group B, the visual analog scale score
decreased by 30% after one week and by
70-80% at the end of 6 months. Conclusion:
Methylprednisolone sodium succinate was
found to be more efficacious in the
management of chronic low back pain than
triamcinolone acetonide
Traumatic Fat Necrosis of Breast in Male: A Very Rare Clinical Entity
Fat necrosis is a benign condition that can occur anywhere in the breast and can affect women of any age. Although it is frequently seen in female breast, it is a very rare condition that occurs in a male breast, and a very few cases have been reported so far. We report a case of fat necrosis of the breast in a 22-year-old male. The case was referred for surgical excision. The excised tissue showed typical multiple areas of saponification and calcification. A diagnosis of fat necrosis was confirmed by histopathologic examination.
Susceptibility, Resistance and Treatment Strategy for Infections Caused by Viridans Group Streptococci - A Review
Viridans Group Streptococci (VGS) were considered to
be commensal organisms of low virulence. Their major
disease associations were formerly limited to dental
caries and infective endocarditis. Over the last several
years, these bacteria have emerged as significant
pathogens associated with gingivitis, periodontitis,
bacteremia, meningitis, pneumonia and a variety of
infections in neonates. Although penicillin remains the
drug of choice in the treatment of infections caused by
VGS, drug tolerance and clinical therapeutic failures
have been reported. Different studies in recent past
show that there is an alarming increase in resistance in
VGS to various antimicrobial agents. Increase in the
incidence of VGS with multiple drug resistance to
penicillin and other agents suggest for periodic
surveillance of antimicrobial susceptibility among
VGS in order to guide appropriate antimicrobial
therapy and to develop an appropriate treatment
strategy for various infections caused by VGS. The
development of appropriate treatment strategy not only
helps in effective management but also helps to
monitor further spread of resistant pathogens
Stimulus-triggered Fate Conversion of Somatic Cells into Pluripotency in Chronic Wounds in Human Beings?
Bone-marrow derived stem cells are multi potential
or totipotent and are able to differentiate into numerous
cell types. Their application is indicated in various
reconstructive and restorative surgeries for rapid
healing. A technique for creating cells that have the
embryonic ability to turn into almost any cell type in
the mammalian body has been reported. Recently, an
unexpected phenomenon of somatic cell
reprogramming into pluripotent cells by exposing to
sublethal stimuli such as citrate based acidic medium
has been reported. With the concept of creating acidic
environment in chronic infected wounds to make a
condition unsuitable for growth and multiplication of
bacteria using 3% citric acid has been reported. It
would be interesting to study whether the phenomenon
of pluripotency takes place in chronic infected wounds
in human beings following the application of 3% citric
acid and plays an important role in formation of
healthy granulation tissue