Time dependence of starch levels in the sapwood of Eucalyptus diversicolor (Karri) as: standing trees, stored saw-Logs, ringbarked trees and trees felled without lopping

The spread of Lyctus brunneus (powder post borer) throughout South Western Australia has lead to a need for Information on Starch levels in the sapwood of Eucalyptus diversicolor (Karri). Karri is one of the most commonly used structural timbers in Western Australia. Rates of starch depletion in stored Karri logs were determined, those in dry stored logs were found to be greater than those stored under an intermittent water spray regime. Starch levels in living, Standing Kam were measured and found to be strongly influenced by rainfall. Starch levels in ringbarked (girdled) trees declined more rapidly than those felled and left with an intact crown. A standard colorimetric technique for starch analysis was used. While high relative precision is possible, assumptions in this and similar methods make them unsuitable for absolute estimations of the two components of starch, amylose and amylopectin. Possible alternative methods are discussed

CRC Handbook of Solubility Parameters and Other Cohesion Parameters

The CRC Handbook of Solubility Parameters and Other Cohesion Parameters, Second Edition, which includes 17 new sections and 40 new data tables, incorporates information from a vast amount of material published over the last ten years. The volume is based on a bibliography of 2,900 reports, including 1,200 new citations. The detailed, careful construction of the handbook develops the concept of solubility parameters from empirical, thermodynamic, and molecular points of view and demonstrates their application to liquid, gas, solid, and polymer systems

Determination of cohesion parameters for terpenoids such as 1,8-cineole using semi-empirical methods and calculations based on group contributions

Methods of estimation of cohesion parameters for terpenoids have been reviewed, both semi-empirical and group contribution calculations, and with 1,8-cineole from eucalyptus oil as an example. The various calculated values have been compared with each other and with values determined from experimental measurements, in order to assess the relative reliability of estimation methods. The information is required for the formulation of natural solvent blends to replace traditional hydrocarbon and chlorinated hydrocarbon solvents. A Hildebrand parameter of 17.6 MPa1/2 is the preferred value for 1,8-cineole

Rotating disc dissolution rates of ionic solids. Part 3.—Natural and synthetic ilmenite

The dissolution rates of rotating discs of polycrystalline synthetic ilmenite (FeTiO3) and a natural ilmenite mineral in sulphuric acid (4.7 to 12.5 mol dm-3) over the temperature range 65 to 85°C were independent of the hydrodynamic conditions and had apparent activation energies of the order of 90 ± 10 kJ mol-1, indicating that the reactions were controlled by chemical processes at the mineral surface. The behaviour of the single crystal natural ilmenite disc indicated the importance in the dissolution process of twinning planes and of altered surface regions and provided information on natural weathering processes

p–V–T studies on molten alkali nitrates. Part 1.—Thermal pressure coefficients and compressibilities

The p-V-T relationships of the molten alkali nitrates (Li, Na, K, Rb and Cs) were determined using a gas-pressurised, externally-heated pressure vessel. The cells were the pyknometer type with a long capillary barrier between the pressurising gas and the bulk of the liquid. Data, over a range of temperature from 500 to 800 K and a range of pressure to 1400 bar, were plotted in the form of isochores and used to determine densities and compressibilities of the liquids

Determination of the fibre saturation point in whole wood using differential scanning calorimetry

A new method for determining the fibre saturation point (FSP) of whole never-dried wood is described. Enthalpy of melting values from differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) experiments are used to calculate the proportion of non-freezing water. Two methods for calculating the FSP from the enthalpy data are described. FSP determinations were carried out on the commercially important West Australian eucalypt species, Eucalyptus marginata and Eucalyptus diversicolor and a plantation softwood, Pinus radiata. Results are reproducible and are corroborated by the traditional volumetric shrinkage method for determining the FSP. On all samples below 10 mg a low temperature endothermic peak is observed as a shoulder on the main peak. It is postulated that this is due to an intermediate layer of water between the freezing and non-freezing water

Beryllium as a masking agent for fluoride in the spectrophotometric determination of iron and titanium

The use of beryllium as an inhibitor for fluoride interference in the spectrophotometric determination of iron and titanium using disodium-1,2-dihydroxybenzene-3,5-disulfonate is described. The method depends upon the formation of a beryllium fluoride complex

Ternary phase equilibrium studies of the water—ethanol—1,8-cineole system

Ternary liquid—liquid equilibrium data at 25°C were obtained for the water—ethanol—1,8-cineole system, 1,8-cineole being the main component of eucalyptus oil. This study formed one aspect of a project utilizing solar energy stored in plants as liquid fuel components. Experimental results confirmed the absence of phase separation problems in the use of this system as a liquid fuel. The tie-line data for the system were well correlated by the methods of Hand and Othmer—Tobias. The solubility of 1,8-cineole in water was determined over a range of temperatures