Plan de cuidados de enfermería en el paciente gran quemado

Introducción: Las quemaduras son lesiones en los tejidos vivos que se producen por la acción térmica, química, radiación solar o ultravioleta, electricidad o fricción. Esta patología constituye un problema de salud pública mundial. Aproximadamente el 5% de los pacientes con quemaduras precisan cuidados hospitalarios y son las responsables de un elevado índice de mortalidad. El paciente gran quemado (PGQ) es aquel que presenta quemaduras, que por su etiología, localización, profundidad o extensión requieren el ingreso en unidades especializadas para su tratamiento, prevención de complicaciones y rehabilitación. Objetivo: Elaborar un plan de cuidados de enfermería que garantice la atención clínica adecuada al paciente gran quemado (PGQ) durante su estancia en la Unidad de Grandes Quemados (UGQ). Metodología: Se ha realizado una búsqueda bibliográfica donde se incluyeron varias bases de datos, páginas web, libros, tesis y protocolos, aplicando las competencias adquiridas durante los estudios de Grado de Enfermería de la Universidad de Zaragoza. Desarrollo: La valoración se ha realizado según los patrones funcionales de Marjory Gordon. Se han identificado los principales diagnósticos de enfermería, los resultados y las intervenciones más relevantes y frecuentes para el paciente gran quemado, desarrollado un plan de cuidados aplicando la taxonomía enfermera NANDA-NIC-NOC. Conclusiones: Se determinó que la elaboración de un plan de cuidados de enfermería para el paciente gran quemado constituiría un modelo óptimo de cuidados de calidad centrados en una atención integral al paciente, a través de actividades de enfermería tanto a nivel físico, como psicológico y social.<br /

Low temperature oxide desorption in GaAs (111)A substrates

The aim of this work is to study oxide removal processes on GaAs (111) A substrates previous to epitaxial growth. We have studied conventional thermal desorption and processes based on the reduction of surface oxides by deposition of gallium, indium and exposure to atomic hydrogen. We have determined substrate temperatures (Ts) for optimum oxide removal in epi-ready substrates by the different studied processes: Ts = 540 °C for thermal desorption, Ts = 505 °C for indium deposition and Ts = 400 °C for oxide desorption by exposure to atomic hydrogen. All these processes allow for a subsequent good quality epitaxial growth. These results cannot be directly extended to oxide removal in grown samples that have been exposed to air outside the growth chamber. In this case, we have found that only indium deposition and exposure to atomic hydrogen are compatible with regrowth processes.We acknowledge financial support from Spanish MINECO (Grant TEC2011-29120-C05-04), and CAM (Grant S2009ESP-1503). Jesús Herranz acknowledges the JAE program for the funds.Peer Reviewe

Low temperature oxide desorption in GaAs (111)A substrates

Trabajo presentado al 17th european Molecular Beam Epitaxy Workshop celebrado en Levi (Finlandia) del 10 al 13 de Marzo de 2013.Peer Reviewe

Revalorization of coffee husk: Modeling and optimizing the green sustainable extraction of phenolic compounds

This study aimed to model and optimize a green sustainable extraction method of phenolic compounds from the coffee husk. Response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural networks (ANNs) were used to model the impact of extraction variables (temperature, time, acidity, and solid-to-liquid ratio) on the recovery of phenolic compounds. All responses were fitted to the RSM and ANN model, which revealed high estimation capabilities. The main factors affecting phenolic extraction were temperature, followed by solid-to-liquid ratio, and acidity. The optimal extraction conditions were 100◦C, 90 min, 0% citric acid, and 0.02 g coffee husk mL−1 . Under these conditions, experimental values for total phenolic compounds, flavonoids, flavanols, proanthocyanidins, phenolic acids, o-diphenols, and in vitro antioxidant capacity matched with predicted ones, therefore, validating the model. The presence of chlorogenic, protocatechuic, caffeic, and gallic acids and kaemferol-3-O-galactoside was confirmed by UPLC-ESI-MS/MS. The phenolic aqueous extracts from the coffee husk could be used as sustainable food ingredients and nutraceutical productsThis research was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, SUSCOFFEE (grant number AGL2014–57239-R), COCARDIOLAC (grant number RTI 2018-097504-B-I00) projects, and the Community of Madrid and UAM Agreement (2019–2023). M. Rebollo-Hernanz thanks to the FPU program of the Ministry of Universities for his predoctoral fellowship (grant number FPU15/04238

Extraction of phenolic compounds from cocoa shell: modeling using response surface methodology and artificial neural networks

This work's objective was to model and optimize a green extraction method of phenolic compounds from the cocoa shell as a strategy to revalorize this by-product, obtaining novel high-value products. According to a Box-Behnken design, 27 extractions were carried out at different conditions of temperature, time, acidity, and solid-to-liquid ratio. Total phenolic compounds, flavonoids, flavanols, proanthocyanidins, phenolic acids, o-diphenols, and in vitro antioxidant capacity were assessed in each extract. Response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural networks (ANN) were used to model the effect of the different parameters on the green aqueous extraction of phenolic compounds from the cocoa shell. The obtained mathematical models fitted well for all the responses. RSM and ANN exhibited high estimation capabilities. The main factors affecting phenolic extraction were temperature, followed by solid-to-liquid ratio, and acidity. The optimal extraction conditions were 100 °C, 90 min, 0% citric acid, and 0.02 g cocoa shell mL−1 water. Under these conditions, experimental values for the response variables matched those predicted, therefore, validating the model. UPLC-ESI-MS/MS revealed the presence of 15 phenolic compounds, being protocatechuic acid, procyanidin B2, (−)-epicatechin, and (+)-catechin, the major ones. Spectrophotometric results showed a significant correlation with the UPLC results, confirming their potential use for screening and optimization purposes. Aqueous phenolic extracts from the cocoa shell would have potential use as sustainable food-grade ingredients and nutraceutical productsThis work was supported by UAM-Santander (grant number 2017/ EEUU/01) and COCARDIOLAC (grant number RTI2018-097504-B-I00) projects, and Community of Madrid and UAM Agreement (2019–2023). M. Rebollo-Hernanz thanks to the FPU program of the Ministry of Universities for his predoctoral fellowship (grant number FPU15/04238

Atención optométrica en condiciones especiales

Proyecto de Aprendizaje Servicio (ApS) de participación de los alumnos de 4º curso del grado de Óptica y Optometría de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid en la realización de exámenes visuales a niños y personas con discapacidad intelectual. Todo ello a través de una asignatura optativa llamada "Atención Optométrica en condiciones especiales"

Post-growth rapid thermal annealing of InAs quantum dots grown on GaAs nanoholes formed by droplet epitaxy

Trabajo presentado al 16th European Molecular Beam Epitaxy Workshop celebrado en Alpe d'Huez (Francia) del 20 al 23 de Marzo de 2011.The deposition of InAs on GaAs nanoholes formed by droplet epitaxy can be used to tailor the shape and size of InAs QDs while preserving the low areal density (~2x108 cm-2) imposed by the nanohole pattern. Our previous micro photoluminescence (μPL) study of individual InAs QDs grown by this method revealed that the single QD emission was largely affected by the charged environment surrounding the nanostructure. This charged environment, attributed to the presence of As vacancies, leads to multicharged exciton emission and spectral diffusion effects which might limit the suitability of these QDs in quantum light emitting applications. An intense single peaked emission with radiation limited linewidth and null fine structure splitting (FSS) would be desirable to fully exploit the size and shape control capabilities of droplet epitaxy based methods. The aim of the present study is to reduce the presence of the As vacancies near the QDs by applying a post-growth rapid thermal annealing (RTA) to the sample. Besides, the small FSS (~41 μeV) [1] found typically in theseQDs might be reduced further by the RTA processes. Figure 1 shows the ensemble PL of our sample before and after the RTA process at 775º C during 5 minutes. The optimization of the growth procedure explained in [1] gives rise to a narrow emission band centered at 1.296 eV with FWHM=14.6 meV. A blue shift of the PL band and a reduction of the decay time are clearly observed after the RTA without noticeable change of the FWHMT. o study the same single QDs before and after the RTA process we have defined arrays of 2-μm-wide mesa structures on the sample surface (inset Fig. 2). Before the RTA, the s-shell emission is dominated by multicharged exciton complexes and shows narrow emission linewidths (<100 μeV) limited by our spectrometer resolution (Fig. 2). Results after RTA process will be shown.Peer Reviewe

Opiniones, aceptabilidad y usabilidad de una herramienta de escape room para promover la inclusión en el ámbito universitario

En el ámbito universitario una de las dificultades más relevantes que se puede observar en el alumnado es la inclusión, tanto en las dinámicas universitarias como en el grupo al que pertenece. Esta dificultad se asocia con el número de abandonos que se producen en los primeros años de universidad. Esta problemática se vio incrementada por la situación de pandemia, afectando a toda la comunidad universitaria, pero especialmente al alumnado de los primeros cursos. Debido a esta situación el aula fue dividida por la mitad, limitando así el contacto interpersonal entre compañeros. El objetivo de este proyecto fue evaluar la usabilidad y la aceptabilidad de una herramienta de escape room para minimizar los problemas de comunicación intra e inter grupo, desarrollar interacciones más colaborativas y positivas, fomentar el trabajo en equipo y favorecer la inclusión del estudiantado en el ámbito universitario. Los resultados indican que la actividad de escape room propuesta logró sus objetivos, fue considerada por el alumnado una herramienta original, interesante y útil, tuvo un gran impacto en el conocimiento entre los estudiantes y en su inclusión. Esta herramienta puede ser de gran utilidad en situaciones obligadas de baja presencialidad y en la inclusión de los primeros años de universidad.Dans l'environnement universitaire, l'une des difficultés les plus importantes que l'on peut observer chez les étudiants est l'intégration, à la fois dans la dynamique universitaire et dans le groupe auquel ils appartiennent. Cette difficulté est associée au nombre d'abandons qui se produisent au cours des premières années d'université. Ce problème a été aggravé par la situation de pandémie, qui a touché l'ensemble de la communauté universitaire, mais surtout les étudiants des premières années. En raison de cette situation, la salle de classe a été divisée en deux, limitant ainsi les contacts interpersonnels entre camarades de classe. L'objectif de ce projet était d'évaluer la facilité d'utilisation et l'acceptabilité d'un outil d'évasion pour minimiser les problèmes de communication intra et intergroupe, développer des interactions plus collaboratives et positives, encourager le travail d'équipe et favoriser l'intégration des étudiants dans l'environnement universitaire. Les résultats indiquent que l'activité "Escape Room" proposée a atteint ses objectifs, a été considérée par les étudiants comme un outil original, intéressant et utile, et a eu un impact important sur les connaissances des étudiants et leur intégration. Cet outil peut être très utile dans les situations de faible participation et dans l'intégration des premières années d'université

Effects and acceptability of virtual reality to facilitate mindfulness practice in university students

Mindfulness practices have proven to be effective for improving the mental health of many populations, including university students. However, these practices can be challenging for naive meditators. Virtual reality (VR) can create virtual scenarios that facilitate the practice of mindfulness. This study presents secondary data from a randomized controlled trial on the effects and acceptability of mindfulness-based VR environments conducted with a sample of university students. Specifically, it involved a single condition (n = 93) receiving an intervention that comprised six short mindfulness sessions in VR. Measurements were taken of participants’ state mindfulness and emotional state immediately before and after the implementation of each VR environment. Sense of presence was measured subsequent to each VR environment. Furthermore, participants were asked to rate their expectations for at baseline and satisfaction with the experience after the intervention. Participants significantly improved both state mindfulness and emotional states, and they reported a moderate-to-strong sense of presence in each of the VR environments. Moreover, participants reported high expectation and satisfaction scores for the intervention. This study shows the potential of VR in mindfulness, although there is a need for more research in this area and, in particular, more sophisticated trial designs