Latin America Echinoderm Biodiversity and Biogeography: Patterns and Affinities

We investigated the current patterns of diversity by country and by class of echinoderms, and analyzed their biogeographical, depth, and habitat or substratum affinities, using the database of the appendix of this book. Traditionally, the area has been divided into five biogeographical Regions and nine Provinces that cover a wide climate range. Currently, the echinoderm fauna of Latin America and Canary islands is constituted by 1,539 species, with 82 species of Crinoidea, 392 species of Asteroidea, 521 species of Ophiuroidea, 242 species of Echinoidea and 302 species of Holothuroidea. Species richness is highly variable among the different countries. The number of species for the countries is highly dependent on its coast length. The echinoderm fauna of the Panamic, Galápagos and the Chilean regions are biogeographically related. Other regions that are closely related are the Caribbean, West Indian, Lusitania and Brazilian. Cosmopolitan species are an important component in all the regions. Affinities between faunas are a consequence of the combination of climatic and trophic factors, connectivity as a function of distance, currents patterns and historical processes. Moreover, different environmental factors would be responsible for the faunal composition and species distribution at different spatial scales. The bathymetrical distribution of the echinoderm classes and the species richness varies according to the depth range and the ocean. Most species occurred at depths between 20 and 200 m. The Caribbean-Atlantic regions are richest in shallow depths, while the Pacific coast has higher values in deeper waters. The domination of each class in each substrate and habitat categories also varies differentially along each coast.Fil: Pérez Ruzafa, Ángel. Universidad de La Laguna; EspañaFil: Alvarado, Juan José. Universidad de Costa Rica. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología; Costa RicaFil: Solís Marín, F. A.. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; MéxicoFil: Hernández, José Carlos. Universidad de La Laguna; EspañaFil: Morata, Alex. Universidad de La Laguna; EspañaFil: Marcos, C.. Universidad de La Laguna; EspañaFil: Abreu Pérez, M.. Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología y Medio Ambiente.; CubaFil: Aguilera, Orangel. Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi; BrasilFil: Alió, J.. Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agrícolas; VenezuelaFil: Bacallado Aránega, J. J.. Muso de la Naturaleza y El Hombre de Tenerife; EspañaFil: Barraza, E. Tomás. Ministerio de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales; El SalvadorFil: Benavides Serrato, M.. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; ColombiaFil: Benítez Villalobos, F.. Universidad del Mar; MéxicoFil: Betancourt Fernández, L.. Programa Ecomar, Inc; República DominicanaFil: Borges, Margarida. Universidade Estadual de Campinas; BrasilFil: Brandt, M.. University Brown; Estados UnidosFil: Brogger, Martin Ignacio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia"; ArgentinaFil: Borrero Pérez, G. H.. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; ColombiaFil: Buitrón Sánchez, B. E.. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; MéxicoFil: Campos, L. S.. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; BrasilFil: Cantera, J. R.. Universidad del Valle; ColombiaFil: Clemente, Sabrina. Universidad de La Laguna; EspañaFil: Cohen Renfijo, M.. Universite de la Mediterranee; FranciaFil: Coppard, S. E.. Smithsonian Tropical Researchh Institute; PanamáFil: Costa Lotufo, L. V.. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; BrasilFil: Guanuco de García, María del Valle. Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología y Medio Ambiente.; CubaFil: Díaz de Vivar, María Enriqueta Adela. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Sede Puerto Madryn; ArgentinaFil: Díaz Martinez, J. P.. Universidad del Mar; MéxicoFil: Díaz, Yudiesky Cancio. Universidad Simón Bolívar; VenezuelaFil: Durán González, A.. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; MéxicoFil: Epherra, Lucía. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico; ArgentinaFil: Rubilar Panasiuk, Cynthia Tamara. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico; ArgentinaFil: Pérez, Analía Fernanda. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentin

Erratum to: The Intensive Care Global Study on Severe Acute Respiratory Infection (ICâGLOSSARI): a multicenter, multinational, 14-day inception cohort study (Intensive Care Medicine, (2016), 42, 5, (953), 10.1007/s00134-016-4317-4)

In both the original publication (DOI 10.1007/s00134-015-4206-2) and the first erratum (DOI 10.1007/s00134-016-4317-4), the members of the IC-GLOSSARI Investigators and the ESICM Trials Group were provided in such a way that they could not be indexed as collaborators on PubMed. The publisher apologizes for these errors and is pleased to list the members of the groups here: (Table presented.)